Tyrosine kinase inhibitors

ABSTRACT

The present disclosure provides compounds such as pyrazolpyrimidine compounds, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, that are tyrosine kinase inhibitors, in particular BLK, BMX, EGFR, HER2, HER4, ITK, TEC, BTK, and TXK and are therefore useful for the treatment of diseases treatable by inhibition of tyrosine kinases such as cancer and inflammatory diseases such as arthritis, and the like. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and processes for preparing such compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

The present disclosure provides compounds that are tyrosine kinaseinhibitors, in particular BLK, BMX, EGFR, HER2, HER4, ITK, TEC, BTK, andTXK and are therefore useful for the treatment of diseases treatable byinhibition of tyrosine kinases such as cancer and inflammatory diseasessuch as arthritis, and the like. Also provided are pharmaceuticalcompositions containing such compounds and processes for preparing suchcompounds.

The human genome contains at least 500 genes encoding protein kinases.Many of these kinases have been implicated in human disease and as suchrepresent potentially attractive therapeutic targets. For example EGFRis overexpressed in breast, head and neck cancers and the overexpressionis correlated with poor survival (see Do N. Y., et al., Expression ofc-ErbB receptors, MMPs and VEGF in squamous cell carcinoma of the headand neck. Oncol Rep. August. 12:229-37. 2004 and Foley J., et al., EGFRsignaling in breast cancer: bad to the bone. Semin Cell Dev Biol.21:951-60. 2010). HER2, another EGFR family member, also is amplified oroverexpressed in up to 30% of breast cancers, also correlating with poorsurvival (see Murphy C. G, Modi S. HER2 breast cancer therapies: areview. Biologics 3:289-301. 2009). HER4, also in the EGFR family, isoverexpressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (see Rosen F.S., et al. The primary immunodeficiencies. New Engl. J. Med. 333:431-40.1995). Other studies show decreased expression of HER4 in certaincancers and suggest tumor suppressor activity (see Thomasson M, et al.,ErbB4 is downregulated in renal cell carcinoma—a quantitative RT-PCR andimmunohistochemical analysis of the epidermal growth factor receptorfamily. Acta Oncol. 43:453-9. 2004). Overall the data support a role formembers of the EGFR family in cancer. ITK, a member of the TEC kinasefamily, is involved in activation of T cells and mast cells (see Iyer A.S. et al. Absence of Tec Family Kinases Interleukin-2 Inducible T cellKinase (Itk) and Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase (Btk) Severely ImpairsFc{epsilon}RI-dependent Mast Cell Responses. J. Biol. Chem.;286:9503-13. 2011) and is a potential target in inflammatory immunediseases such as asthma. Mice deficient in ITK are resistant todevelopment of allergic asthma (see Sahu N, et al., Differentialsensitivity to Itk kinase signals for T helper 2 cytokine production andchemokine-mediated migration. J. Immunol. 180:3833-8. 2008). Anotherfamily member, BMX, is involved in supporting tumor angiogenesis throughit's role in the tumor vascular endothelium (see Tu T, et al., Bonemarrow X kinase-mediated signal transduction in irradiated vascularendothelium. Cancer Res. 68:2861-9. 2008) and is also progressivelyup-regulated during bladder cancer progression (see Guo S., et al.,Tyrosine Kinase ETK/BMX Is Up-Regulated in Bladder Cancer and PredictsPoor Prognosis in Patients with Cystectomy. PLoS One. 6:e17778. 2011)suggesting a potential therapeutic target in this type cancer. The Blymphoid kinase (BLK) is linked through genetic association with avariety of rheumatic diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus andsystemic sclerosis (see Ito I, et al., Association of the FAM167A-BLKregion with systemic sclerosis. Arthritis Rheum. 62:890-5. 2010).

Bruton's tyrosine kinase (abbreviated as BTK), a member of the Tecfamily non-receptor tyrosine kinases that is essential for B cellsignaling downstream from the B-cell receptor. It is expressed in Bcells and other hematopoietic cells such as monocytes, macrophages andmast cells. It functions in various aspects of B cell function thatmaintain the B cell repertoire (see Gauld S. B. et al., B cell antigenreceptor signaling: roles in cell development and disease. Science,296:1641-2. 2002.)). Clinical validation of the role of B cells in RAhas been provided by the efficacy of Rituxan (an anti-CD20 antibody),which depletes B cells as a mechanism of action (see Perosa F., et al.,CD20-depleting therapy in autoimmune diseases: from basic research tothe clinic. J Intern Med. 267:260-77. 2010 and Dörner T, et al.Targeting B cells in immune-mediated inflammatory disease: acomprehensive review of mechanisms of action and identification ofbiomarkers. Pharmacol Ther. 125:464-75. 2010.). Btk is known to berequired for B cell development because patients with the diseaseX-linked agammaglobulinemia (see Rosen F. S., et al., The primaryimmunodeficiencies. N Engl J Med. 333:431-40. 1995). Notably,small-molecule BTK inhibitors in pre-clinical development have beenshown to be efficacious in collagen-induced arthritis (see Pan Z., etal., Discovery of selective irreversible inhibitors for Bruton'styrosine kinase. J. Med. Chem. 2:58-61. 2007). However, the potentialadvantage of a BTK inhibitor (beyond the inherent advantage of asmall-molecule over a biologic) is that modulation of BTK can inhibit Bcell function without permanent removal of the B cell itself. Therefore,the long periods of low B cell levels experienced with Rituxan should beavoidable by targeting BTK.

In addition, the disease modifying activities of BTK are expected toextend beyond those of Rituxan because of effects on addition cellulartargets that are involved in propagation of disease. For instance,antigen induced mast cell degranulation is impaired in mast cellsderived from the bone marrow of BTK deficient mice, demonstrating thatBTK is downstream of the FcεR1 receptor (see Setoguchi R., et al.,Defective degranulation and calcium mobilization of bone-marrow derivedmast cells from Xid and BTK-deficient mice. Immunol Lett. 64:109-18.1998). A similar signaling module exists in monocytes and macrophagesfor the FcγR1 receptor indicating BTK inhibition is highly likely tomodulate TNF production in response to IgG. Both mast cells andmacrophages are thought to contribute to propagation of the inflammatorycytokine environment of the diseased synovium.

In addition to the peripheral and synovial effects of BTK inhibitiondescribed above, there is evidence that BTK inhibition will have boneprotective effects in the inflamed joint (see Gravallese E. M., et al.,Synovial tissue in rheumatoid arthritis is a source of osteoclastdifferentiation factor. Arthritis Rheum. 43:250-8. 2000). Studies withmice that are either deficient in BTK or have impaired BTK function havedemonstrated that Rank ligand-induced osteoclast differentiation isimpaired in the absence of BTK function (see Lee S. H., et. al., The tecfamily tyrosine kinase BTK Regulates RANKL-induced osteoclastmaturation. J. Biol. Chem. 283:11526-34. 2008). Taken together thesestudies suggest a BTK inhibitor could inhibit or reverse the bonedestruction that occurs in RA patients. Given the importance of B cellsin autoimmune disease, BTK inhibitors could also have utility in otherautoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (see ShlomchikM. J., et. al., The role of B cells in lpr/lpr-induced autoimmunity. J.Exp Med. 180:1295-1306. 1994). Notably, an irreversible BTK inhibitorhas been shown to display efficacy in the mouse MRL/lpr lupus model,reducing autoantibody production and renal damage (see Honigberg L. A.,The Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor PCI-32765 blocks B-cell activationand is efficacious in models of autoimmune disease and B-cellmalignancy. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 107:13075-80. 2010).

There is also potential for BTK inhibitors for treating allergicdiseases (see Honigberg, L., et. al., The selective BTK inhibitorPCI-32765 blocks B cell and mast cell activation and prevents mousecollagen induced arthritis. Clin. Immunol. 127 S1:S111. 2008). Inaddition, the irreversible inhibitor suppresses passive cutaneousanaphylaxis (PCA) induced by IgE antigen complex in mice (see Honigberg,L., et. al., The selective BTK inhibitor PCI-32765 blocks B cell andmast cell activation and prevents mouse collagen induced arthritis.Clin. Immunol. 127 S1:S111. 2008). These findings are in agreement withthose noted with BTK-mutant mast cells and knockout mice and suggestthat BTK inhibitors may be useful for the treatment of asthma, anIgE-dependent allergic disease of the airway.

In addition, platelet aggregation in response to collagen orcollagen-related peptide is impaired in XLA patients who lack BTKfunction (see Quek L. S, et al., A role for Bruton's tyrosine kinase(BTK) in platelet activation by collagen. Curr. Biol. 8:1137-40.1998).This is manifested by changes downstream from GPIV, such asphosphorylation of PLCgamma2 and calcium flux, which suggests potentialutility in treating thromboembolic diseases.

Preclinical studies with a selective inhibitor of BTK have shown effectson spontaneous canine B cell lymphomas suggesting a potential utility inhuman lymphomas or other hematologic malignancies including chroniclymphocytic leukemia.

Accordingly, there is a need for compounds that inhibit tyrosine kinasesthereby providing treatment for diseases such as autoimmune diseases,thromboembolic diseases and cancer. The present disclosure can fulfillthis need and related needs.

In one aspect, this disclosure is directed to a compound of Formula (IA)or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:

wherein:

dashed lines are an optional bond;

Z¹, Z², and Z³ are —N— or —CH—, provide that at least one and not morethan two of Z¹, Z², and Z³ are simultaneously —N—;

L is O, CO, CH₂, S, SO, SO₂, NR, NRCO, CONR, NR′SO₂, SO₂NR′, or NRCONR,where (each R and R′ is independently hydrogen or alkyl);

Ar is aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl;

one of R¹ and R⁵ is hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl,or haloalkoxy and the other is —Z-(EWG)-C(CN)═CHR^(c) where Z is bond,NR^(a) (where R^(a) is hydrogen or alkyl), O, S, SO, SO₂, alkylene,cycloalkylene, heteroalkylene, —(Z^(a))_(n1)-aryl-, or —(Z^(a))_(n1)—heteroaryl (wherein n1 is 0 or 1, Z^(a) is NR^(a) (where R^(a) ishydrogen or alkyl), O, S, SO, SO₂, alkylene, or heteroalkylene and arylor heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or two substituentsindependently selected from halo, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, haloalkyl,or haloalkoxy), EWG is a bond or an electron withdrawing group, andR^(c) is alkyl, haloalkoxy, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl,cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) or cycloalkylene(alkylene)NR^(d)R^(e) (whereR^(d) and R^(e) are independently hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl), or 3to 6 membered saturated monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one or twoheteroatoms selected from N, O, or S and optionally substituted with oneor two substituents selected from hydroxy, alkyl or fluoro;

R² is hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, cyano, halo or haloalkyl;

R³ is hydrogen, alkyl, cyclopropyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, cyano, halo,haloalkyl or haloalkoxy;

R⁴ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkynyl, cyclopropyl, alkylamino, dialkylamino,alkylthio, alkylsulfonyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylaminosulfonyl,dialkylaminosulfonyl, —CONH₂, alkylaminocarbonyl, dialkylaminocarbonyl,3, 4 or 5 membered heterocylyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, cyano, halo, haloalkylor haloalkoxy; and

R⁶ and R⁷ are independently hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, halo,haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, cyano, —CONH₂, amino, ormonosubstituted or disubstituted amino; provided that: (a) when

is

where (i) when R^(c) is cyclopropyl, tert-butyl, —C(CH₃)₂CH₂OH,—C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂, cyclopentyl, isopropyl, —C(CH₃)₂OCH₂CH₃, orazetidin-3-yl, then —Z-EWG- is not

where Z is a bond or methylene; (ii) when R^(c) is cyclopropyl then—Z-EWG- is not

where Z is bond or methylene, and (iii) when R^(c) is cyclopropyl and Zis cyclohexyl, then EWG is not —NHCO— where NH is bonded to cyclohexylor (b) the compound of Formula (IA) is not2-(3-(4-amino-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In one aspect, the compound of Formula (IA) or a pharmaceuticallyacceptable salt thereof is a compound of Formula (I′):

wherein:

dashed lines are an optional bond;

Z¹, Z², and Z³ are —N— or —CH—, provide that at least one and not morethan two of Z¹, Z², and Z³ are simultaneously —N—;

L is O, CO, CH₂, S, SO, SO₂, NR, NRCO, CONR, NR′SO₂, SO₂NR′, or NRCONR,where (each R and R′ is independently hydrogen or alkyl);

Ar is aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl;

one of R¹ and R⁵ is hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl,or haloalkoxy and the other is —Z-(EWG)-C(CN)═CHR^(c) where Z is bond,NR^(a) (where R^(a) is hydrogen or alkyl), O, S, SO, SO₂, alkylene,cycloalkylene, heteroalkylene, —(Z^(a))_(n1)-aryl-, or—(Z^(a))_(n1)-heteroaryl (wherein n1 is 0 or 1, Z^(a) is NR^(a) (whereR^(a) is hydrogen or alkyl), O, S, SO, SO₂, alkylene, or heteroalkyleneand aryl or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or twosubstituents independently selected from halo, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio,haloalkyl, or haloalkoxy), EWG is a bond or an electron withdrawinggroup, and R^(c) is alkyl, haloalkoxy, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl,cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) where R^(d) and R^(e) are independentlyhydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl;

R² is hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, cyano, halo or haloalkyl;

R³ is hydrogen, alkyl, cyclopropyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, cyano, halo,haloalkyl or haloalkoxy;

R⁴ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkynyl, cyclopropyl, alkylamino, dialkylamino,alkylthio, alkylsulfonyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylaminosulfonyl,dialkylaminosulfonyl, —CONH₂, alkylaminocarbonyl, dialkylaminocarbonyl,3, 4 or 5 membered heterocylyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, cyano, halo, haloalkylor haloalkoxy; and

R⁶ and R⁷ are independently hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, halo,haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, cyano, —CONH₂, amino, ormonosubstituted or disubstituted amino; provided that: (a) when

where (i) when R^(c) is cyclopropyl, tert-butyl, —C(CH₃)₂CH₂OH,—C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂, cyclopentyl, isopropyl, —C(CH₃)₂OCH₂CH₃, orazetidin-3-yl, then —Z-EWG- is not

where Z is a bond or methylene; (ii) when R^(c) is cyclopropyl then—Z-EWG- is not

where Z is bond or methylene, and (iii) when R^(c) is cyclopropyl and Zis cyclohexyl, then EWG is not —NHCO— where NH is bonded to cyclohexylor (b) the compound of Formula (I′) is not2-(3-(4-amino-5-(4-phenoxy-phenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In another aspect, the compound of Formula (I′) or a pharmaceuticallyacceptable salt thereof is a compound of Formula (I):

wherein:

dashed lines are an optional bond;

Z¹, Z², and Z³ are —N— or —CH—, provide that at least one and not morethan two of Z¹, Z², and Z³ are simultaneously —N—;

L is O, CO, CH₂, S, SO, SO₂, NR, NRCO, CONR, NR′SO₂, SO₂NR′, or NRCONR,where (each R and R′ is independently hydrogen or alkyl);

Ar is aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl;

one of R¹ and R⁵ is hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl,or haloalkoxy and the other is —Z-(EWG)-C(CN)═CHR^(c) where Z is bond,NR^(a) (where R^(a) is hydrogen or alkyl), O, S, SO, SO₂, alkylene,cycloalkylene, heteroalkylene, —(Z^(a))_(n1)-aryl-, or—(Z^(a))_(n1)-heteroaryl (wherein n1 is 0 or 1, Z^(a) is NR^(a) (whereR^(a) is hydrogen or alkyl), O, S, SO, SO₂, alkylene, or heteroalkyleneand aryl or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or twosubstituents independently selected from halo, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio,haloalkyl, or haloalkoxy), EWG is a bond or an electron withdrawinggroup, and R^(c) is alkyl, haloalkoxy, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl,cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) where R^(d) and R^(e) are independentlyhydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl;

R² is hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, cyano, halo or haloalkyl;

R³ and R⁴ are independently hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, cyano,halo, haloalkyl or haloalkoxy; and

R⁶ and R⁷ are independently hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, halo,haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, cyano, —CONH₂, amino, ormonosubstituted or disubstituted amino; provided that: (a) when,

is

where (i) when R^(c) is cyclopropyl, tert-butyl, —C(CH₃)₂CH₂OH,—C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂, cyclopentyl, isopropyl, —C(CH₃)₂OCH₂CH₃, orazetidin-3-yl, then —Z-EWG- is not

where Z is a bond or methylene; (ii) when R^(c) is cyclopropyl then—Z-EWG- is not

where Z is bond or methylene, and (iii) when R^(c) is cyclopropyl and Zis cyclohexyl, then EWG is not —NHCO— where NH is bonded to cyclohexylor (b) the compound of Formula (I) is not2-(3-(4-amino-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In a second aspect, this disclosure is directed to a pharmaceuticalcomposition comprising a compound of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) (or anyof the embodiments thereof described herein), or a pharmaceuticallyacceptable salt thereof; and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

In a third aspect, this disclosure is directed to a method of treating adisease treatable by inhibition of a tyrosine kinase such as BLK, BMX,EGFR, HER2, HER4, ITK, TEC, BTK, and TXK, preferably BTK, in a patientwhich method comprises administering to the patient in need thereof, apharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of Formula (IA), (I′)or (I) (or any of the embodiments thereof described herein) or apharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceuticallyacceptable excipient. In one embodiment the disease is inflammatorydisease such as arthritis, kidney disease, or cancer such as B-cellnon-Hodgkin lymphoma.

In one embodiment of this aspect, the subject in need is suffering froman autoimmune disease, e.g., inflammatory bowel disease, arthritis,lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, osteoarthritis,Still's disease, juvenile arthritis, diabetes, myasthenia gravis,Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Ord's thyroiditis, Graves' disease, Sjogren'ssyndrome, multiple sclerosis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, acutedisseminated encephalomyelitis, Addison's disease, opsoclonus-myoclonussyndrome, ankylosing spondylitisis, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome,aplastic anemia, autoimmune hepatitis, coeliac disease, Goodpasture'ssyndrome, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, optic neuritis,scleroderma, primary biliary cirrhosis, Reiter's syndrome, Takayasu'sarteritis, temporal arteritis, warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia,Wegener's granulomatosis, psoriasis, alopecia universalis, Behcet'sdisease, chronic fatigue, dysautonomia, endometriosis, interstitialcystitis, neuromyotonia, scleroderma, or vulvodynia. Preferably, thedisease is rheumatoid arthritis. Preferably, the autoimmune disease islupus. In another embodiment of this aspect, the patient in need issuffering from a heteroimmune condition or disease, e.g., graft versushost disease, transplantation, transfusion, anaphylaxis, allergy, type Ihypersensitivity, allergic conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis, or atopicdermatitis.

In another embodiment of this aspect, the patient in need is sufferingfrom an inflammatory disease, e.g., asthma, appendicitis, blepharitis,bronchiolitis, bronchitis, bursitis, cervicitis, cholangitis,cholecystitis, colitis, conjunctivitis, cystitis, dacryoadenitis,dermatitis, dermatomyositis, encephalitis, endocarditis, endometritis,enteritis, enterocolitis, epicondylitis, epididymitis, fasciitis,fibrositis, gastritis, gastroenteritis, hepatitis, hidradenitissuppurativa, laryngitis, mastitis, meningitis, myelitis myocarditis,myositis, nephritis, oophoritis, orchitis, osteitis, otitis,pancreatitis, parotitis, pericarditis, peritonitis, pharyngitis,pleuritis, phlebitis, pneumonitis, pneumonia, proctitis, prostatitis,pyelonephritis, rhinitis, salpingitis, sinusitis, stomatitis, synovitis,tendonitis, tonsillitis, uveitis, vaginitis, vasculitis, or vulvitis. Inanother embodiment of this aspect, the patient is suffering frominflammatory skin disease which includes, by way of example, dermatitis,contact dermatitis, eczema, urticaria, rosacea, and scarring psoriaticlesions in the skin, joints, or other tissues or organs.

In yet another embodiment of this aspect, the subject in need issuffering from a cancer. In one embodiment, the cancer is a B-cellproliferative disorder, e.g., diffuse large B cell lymphoma, follicularlymphoma, chronic lymphocytic lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia,B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia, lymphoplamascytic lymphoma/Waldenstrommacroglobulinemia, splenic marginal zone lymphoma, plasma cell myeloma,plasmacytoma, extranodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma, nodal marginalzone B cell lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, mediastinal (thymic) large Bcell lymphoma, intravascular large B cell lymphoma, primary effusionlymphoma, burkitt lymphoma/leukemia, or lymphomatoid granulomatosis. Insome embodiments, the compound of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) (or any ofthe embodiments thereof described herein), is administered incombination with another an anti-cancer agent e.g., the anti-canceragent is an inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling,e.g., U0126, PD98059, PD184352, PD0325901, ARRY-142886, SB239063,SP600125, BAY 43-9006, wortmannin, Nexavar®, Tarceva®, Sutent®, Tykerb®,Sprycel®, Crizotinib, Xalkori®, or LY294002.

In yet another embodiment, the patient in need is suffering from athromboembolic disorder, e.g., myocardial infarct, angina pectoris,reocclusion after angioplasty, restenosis after angioplasty, reocclusionafter aortocoronary bypass, restenosis after aortocoronary bypass,stroke, transitory ischemia, a peripheral arterial occlusive disorder,pulmonary embolism, or deep venous thrombosis.

In a fourth aspect, the disclosure is directed to use of compound ofFormula (IA), (I′) or (I) (and any embodiments thereof described herein)as a medicament. In one embodiment, the use of compound of Formula (IA),(I′) or (I) is for treating a disease mediated by a kinase, preferablyBTK, more preferably the disease is an inflammatory disease or aproliferative disease such as cancer.

In a fifth aspect is the use of a compound of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I)(or any of the embodiments thereof described herein), in the manufactureof a medicament for treating an inflammatory disease in a patient inwhich the activity of a tyrosine kinase such as BLK, BMX, EGFR, HER²,HER⁴, ITK, TEC, BTK, and TXK, preferably, BTK contributes to thepathology and/or symptoms of the disease. In one embodiment of thisaspect, the tyrosine kinase protein is BTK. In another embodiment ofthis aspect, the inflammatory disease is respiratory, cardiovascular, orproliferative diseases.

In any of the aforementioned aspects involving the treatment ofproliferative disorders, including cancer, are further embodimentscomprising administering the compound of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) (orany of the embodiments thereof described herein), in combination with atleast one additional agent selected from the group consisting ofalemtuzumab, arsenic trioxide, asparaginase (pegylated or non-),bevacizumab, cetuximab, platinum-based compounds such as cisplatin,cladribine, daunorubicin/doxorubicin/idarubicin, irinotecan,fludarabine, 5-fluorouracil, gemtuzamab, methotrexate, paclitaxel,Taxol™, temozolomide, thioguanine, or classes of drugs includinghormones (an antiestrogen, an antiandrogen, or gonadotropin releasinghormone analogues, interferons such as alpha interferon, nitrogenmustards such as busulfan or melphalan or mechlorethamine, retinoidssuch as tretinoin, topoisomerase inhibitors such as irinotecan ortopotecan, tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as gefinitinib or imatinib,or agents to treat signs or symptoms induced by such therapy includingallopurinol, filgrastim, granisetron/ondansetron/palonosetron,dronabinol. When combination therapy is used, the agents can beadministered simultaneously or sequentially.

In a sixth aspect, this disclosure is directed to an intermediate ofFormula (II):

wherein:

R³ and R⁴ are independently hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, fluoro orchloro; preferably R⁴ is hydrogen and R³ is fluoro, preferably fluoro isat the 2-position of the phenyl ring, the carbon atom of the phenyl ringattached to pyrazolopyrimidine ring being the 1-position;

R⁶ and R⁷ are independently hydrogen or fluoro; preferably R⁶ and R⁷ arehydrogen; preferably R⁶ and R⁷ are fluoro, more preferably, R⁶ and R⁷are attached at the 2- and 3-position of the phenyl ring, the carbonatom attached to the phenyl ring substituted with R³ and R⁴ beingposition 1;

—Z-EWG- is:

or

where each ring is optionally substituted with one or two substituentsselected from alkyl, fluoro, or hydroxy; preferably —Z-EWG- is:

optionally substituted with one or two substituents selected from alkyl,fluoro, or hydroxy. More preferably, —Z-EWG- is

where the stereochemistry at *C is (R). Preferably —Z-EWG- is:

where the stereochemistry at *C is (RS), (R) or (S); preferably (R).Preferably the stereochemistry at *C is (S).

provided that at least one of R³, R⁴, R⁶ and R⁷ is not hydrogen,preferably one of R³ and R⁴ is not hydrogen.

In a seventh aspect, this disclosure is directed to an intermediate ofFormula (III):

where:

X is halo, preferably iodo;

R is an amino protecting group, —COCH₂CN or —CO—C(CN)═CHR^(c) whereR^(c) is alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e)or cycloalkylene(alkylene)NR^(d)R^(e) (where R^(d) and R^(e) areindependently hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl), or 3 to 6 memberedsaturated monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one or two heteroatomsselected from N, O, or S and optionally substituted with one or twosubstituents selected from hydroxy, alkyl or fluoro;

or a salt thereof.

Preferably,

is

where the stereochemistry at *C is (R) or (S).

Preferably, the stereochemistry at *C is (S) when R^(c) is alkyl,cycloalkyl, alkyl [substituted with hydroxy, alkoxy, —NRR′ (where R isalkyl, cycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, or alkoxyalkyl and R′ is alkyl) orheterocycloamino which is optionally substituted with one or two groupsindependently selected from alkyl or hydroxyl], or 3 to 6 memberedsaturated monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one or two heteroatomsselected from N, O, or S and optionally substituted with one or twosubstituents selected from hydroxy, alkyl or fluoro.

Preferably, the stereochemistry at *C is (S) when where R^(c) isisopropyl, tert-butyl, —C(CH₃)₂OCH₂CH₃, —C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂,—C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl, cyclopropyl, 2-pyrrolidinyl, 3- or4-piperidinyl, 1-methylpiperidin-4-yl, 1-methylpiperidin-3-yl, or4-tetrahydropyranyl.

Preferably, the stereochemistry at *C is (R) when R^(c) is alkylsubstituted with —NRR′ (where each R is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl,hydroxyalkyl, or alkoxyalkyl and R′ is hydrogen) or heterocycloaminowhich is attached to alkyl via nitrogen ring atom and which isoptionally substituted with one or two groups independently selectedfrom alkyl or hydroxyl. Preferably, the stereochemistry at *C is (R)when R^(c) is —C(CH₃)₂NH₂, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH₃, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH₂CH₃,—C(CH₃)₂NHCH(CH₃)₂, —C(CH₃)₂NHcyclopropyl, —C(CH₃)₂NH(CH₂)₂OCH₃, or—C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl.

In an eighth aspect, this disclosure is directed to an intermediate ofFormula (IV):

where:

X′ is hydroxy or a leaving group, preferably halo;

R is —COCH₂CN or —CO—C(CN)═CHR^(c) where R^(c) is alkyl, substitutedalkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) orcycloalkylene(alkylene)NR^(d)R^(e) (where R^(d) and R^(e) areindependently hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl), or 3 to 6 memberedsaturated monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one or two heteroatomsselected from N, O, or S and optionally substituted with one or twosubstituents selected from hydroxy, alkyl or fluoro; or a salt thereof.

Preferably,

is

where the stereochemistry at *C is (R) or (S). Preferably, thestereochemistry at *C is (S) when R^(c) is alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkyl[substituted with hydroxy, alkoxy, —NRR′ (where each R is alkyl,cycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, or alkoxyalkyl and R′ is alkyl) orheterocycloamino which is optionally substituted with one or two groupsindependently selected from alkyl or hydroxyl], or 3 to 6 memberedsaturated monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one or two heteroatomsselected from N, O, or S and optionally substituted with one or twosubstituents selected from hydroxy, alkyl or fluoro. Preferably, whereR^(c) is isopropyl, tert-butyl, —C(CH₃)₂OCH₂CH₃, —C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂,—C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl, cyclopropyl, 2-pyrrolidinyl, 3- or4-piperidinyl, 1-methylpiperidin-4-yl, 1-methylpiperidin-3-yl, or4-tetrahydropyranyl.

Preferably, the stereochemistry at *C is (R) when R^(c) is alkylsubstituted with —NRR′ (where each R is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl,hydroxyalkyl, or alkoxyalkyl and R′ is hydrogen) or heterocycloaminowhich is attached to alkyl via nitrogen ring atom and which isoptionally substituted with one or two groups independently selectedfrom alkyl or hydroxyl. Preferably, R^(c) is —C(CH₃)₂NH₂, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH₃,—C(CH₃)₂NHCH₂CH₃, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH(CH₃)₂, —C(CH₃)₂NHcyclopropyl,—C(CH₃)₂NH(CH₂)₂OCH₃, or —C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl.

In a ninth aspect, provided is a process of preparing a compound ofFormula (Id):

where:

Z² is —N—;

R³ is fluoro;

R⁴ is hydrogen;

R⁶ and R⁷ are independently hydrogen or fluoro;

—Z-EWG- is

or

each ring optionally substituted with one or two substituentsindependently selected from alkyl, hydroxy, or halo, and the carbonyland sulfonyl group in

and

is attached to —C(CN)═CHR^(c); and

R^(c) is alkyl, haloalkoxy, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl,cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) or cycloalkylene(alkylene)NR^(d)R^(e) (whereR^(d) and R^(e) are independently hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl), or 3to 6 membered saturated monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one or twoheteroatoms selected from N, O, or S and optionally substituted with oneor two substituents selected from hydroxy, alkyl or fluoro; or

a pharmaceutical salt thereof;

comprising:

(a) reacting a compound of Formula (A):

wherein:

Z² is —N—;

R³ is fluoro;

R⁴ is hydrogen;

R⁶ and R⁷ are independently hydrogen or fluoro;

—Z-EWG- is:

or

where each ring is optionally substituted with one or two substituentsselected from alkyl, fluoro, or hydroxy;

with an aldehyde of formula R^(c)CHO where R^(c) is alkyl, substitutedalkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) orcycloalkylene(alkylene)NR^(d)R^(e) (where R^(d) and R^(e) areindependently hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl), or 3 to 6 memberedsaturated monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one or two heteroatomsselected from N, O, or S and optionally substituted with one or twosubstituents selected from hydroxy, alkyl or fluoro; or

(b) reacting a compound of formula (B):

where Z², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are as defined above; and

—Z-EWG′ is

or

each ring optionally substituted with one or two substituentsindependently selected from alkyl, hydroxy, or halo;

with a compound of formula R^(c)COX where X is a leaving group and R^(c)is as defined above;

(c) optionally making an acid addition salt of a compound obtained fromSteps (a) or (b) above;

(d) optionally making a free base of a compound obtained from Steps (a)or (b) above.

In one embodiment, in the process above,

is a ring of formula: phenyl or

In another embodiment, in the process above,

is a ring of formula: phenyl or

and

and

are

and

respectively, where the stereochemistry at *C is (R) or (S). Preferably,the stereochemistry at *C is (S) when R^(c) is alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkylsubstituted with hydroxy, alkoxy, —NRR′ (where each R is alkyl,cycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, or alkoxyalkyl and R′ is alkyl) orheterocycloamino which is optionally substituted with one or two groupsindependently selected from alkyl or hydroxyl, or 3 to 6 memberedsaturated monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one or two heteroatomsselected from N, O, or S and optionally substituted with one or twosubstituents selected from hydroxy, alkyl or fluoro. Preferably, whereR^(c) is isopropyl, tert-butyl, —C(CH₃)₂OCH₂CH₃, —C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂,—C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl, cyclopropyl, 2-pyrrolidinyl, 3- or4-piperidinyl, 1-methylpiperidin-4-yl, 1-methylpiperidin-3-yl, or4-tetrahydropyranyl.

Preferably, the stereochemistry at *C is (R) when R^(c) is alkylsubstituted with —NRR′ (where each R is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl,hydroxyalkyl, or alkoxyalkyl and R′ is hydrogen) or heterocycloaminowhich is attached to alkyl via nitrogen ring atom and which isoptionally substituted with one or two groups independently selectedfrom alkyl or hydroxyl. Preferably, R^(c) is —C(CH₃)₂NH₂, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH₃,—C(CH₃)₂NHCH₂CH₃, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH(CH₃)₂, —C(CH₃)₂NHcyclopropyl,—C(CH₃)₂NH(CH₂)₂OCH₃, or —C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl.

In yet another embodiment, in the process above,

is a ring of formula: phenyl or

and —Z-EWG- is

R^(c) is alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) (where R^(d) andR^(e) are independently hydrogen or alkyl), alkyl substituted withhydroxy, alkoxy, —NRR′ (where each R is alkyl, cycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl,or alkoxyalkyl and R′ is hydrogen or alkyl) or heterocycloamino which isoptionally substituted with one or two groups independently selectedfrom alkyl or hydroxyl, or 3 to 6 membered saturated monocyclicheterocyclyl containing one or two heteroatoms selected from N, O, or Sand optionally substituted with one or two substituents selected fromhydroxy, alkyl or fluoro. Preferably, R^(c) is isopropyl, tert-butyl,—C(CH₃)₂NH₂, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH₃, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH₂CH₃, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH(CH₃)₂,—C(CH₃)₂NHcyclopropyl, —C(CH₃)₂NH(CH₂)₂OCH₃, —C(CH₃)₂OCH₂CH₃,—C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂, —C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl, cyclopropyl, 2-pyrrolidinyl,3- or 4-piperidinyl, 1-methylpiperidin-4-yl, 1-methylpiperidin-3-yl, or4-tetrahydropyranyl. Preferably, R^(c) is isopropyl or—C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl.

Preferably, the compound of Formula (Id) is:

-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (R)-4-amino-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-4-amino-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-morpholinopent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-morpholinopent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-ethoxy-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-ethoxy-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-morpholinopent-2-enenitrile;    or-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2,3-difluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-morpholinopent-2-enenitrile;

or a mixture of R and S isomers;

or an individual (E) or (Z) isomer thereof;

DEFINITIONS

Unless otherwise stated, the following terms used in the specificationand claims are defined for the purposes of this Application and have thefollowing meaning:

“Alkyl” means a linear saturated monovalent hydrocarbon radical of oneto six carbon atoms or a branched saturated monovalent hydrocarbonradical of three to six carbon atoms, e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl,2-propyl, butyl (including all isomeric forms), pentyl (including allisomeric forms), and the like.

“Alkynyl” means a linear saturated monovalent hydrocarbon radical of twoto six carbon atoms or a branched saturated monovalent hydrocarbonradical of three to six carbon atoms that contains a triple bond, e.g.,ethynyl, propynyl, 2-propynyl, butynyl (including all isomeric forms),pentynyl (including all isomeric forms), and the like.

“Alkylene” means a linear saturated divalent hydrocarbon radical of oneto six carbon atoms or a branched saturated divalent hydrocarbon radicalof three to six carbon atoms unless otherwise stated e.g., methylene,ethylene, propylene, 1-methylpropylene, 2-methylpropylene, butylene,pentylene, and the like.

“Alkylthio” means a —SR radical where R is alkyl as defined above, e.g.,methylthio, ethylthio, and the like.

“Alkylsulfonyl” means a —SO₂R radical where R is alkyl as defined above,e.g., methylsulfonyl, ethylsulfonyl, and the like.

“Amino” means a —NH₂.

“Alkylamino” means a —NHR radical where R is alkyl as defined above,e.g., methylamino, ethylamino, propylamino, or 2-propylamino, and thelike.

“Alkoxy” means a —OR radical where R is alkyl as defined above, e.g.,methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, or 2-propoxy, n-, iso-, or tert-butoxy, andthe like.

“Alkoxyalkyl” means a linear monovalent hydrocarbon radical of one tosix carbon atoms or a branched monovalent hydrocarbon radical of threeto six carbons substituted with at least one alkoxy group, preferablyone or two alkoxy groups, as defined above, e.g., 2-methoxyethyl, 1-,2-, or 3-methoxypropyl, 2-ethoxyethyl, and the like.

“Alkoxycarbonyl” means a —C(O)OR radical where R is alkyl as definedabove, e.g., methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, and the like.

“Aminocarbonyl” means a —CONRR′ radical where R is independentlyhydrogen, alkyl, or substituted alkyl, each as defined herein and R′ ishydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl,heteroaralkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, or substituted alkyl,each as defined herein and wherein the aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclylring either alone or part of another group e.g., aralkyl, is optionallysubstituted with one, two, or three substituents independently selectedfrom alkyl, alkoxy, halo, haloalkoxy, hydroxyl, carboxy, oralkoxycarbonyl, e.g., —CONH₂, methylaminocarbonyl,2-dimethylaminocarbonyl, and the like. When R is hydrogen and R′ isalkyl in —CONRR′, the group is also referred to herein asalkylaminocarbonyl and when R and R′ are both alkyl in —CONRR′, thegroup is also referred to herein as dialkylaminocarbonyl.

“Aminosulfonyl” means a —SO₂NRR′ radical where R is independentlyhydrogen, alkyl, or substituted alkyl, each as defined herein and R′ ishydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl,heteroaralkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, or substituted alkyl,each as defined herein and wherein the aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclylring either alone or part of another group e.g., aralkyl, is optionallysubstituted with one, two, or three substituents independently selectedfrom alkyl, alkoxy, halo, haloalkoxy, hydroxyl, carboxy, oralkoxycarbonyl, e.g., —SO₂NH₂, methylaminosulfonyl,dimethylaminosulfonyl, and the like. When R is hydrogen and R′ is alkylin —SO₂NRR′, the group is also referred to herein as alkylaminosulfonyland when R and R′ are both alkyl in —SO₂NRR′, the group is also referredto herein as dialkylaminosulfonyl.

“Acyl” means a —COR radical where R is alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl,cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, heterocyclyl,or heterocyclylalkyl, each as defined herein, and wherein the aryl,heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl ring either alone or part of another groupe.g., aralkyl, is optionally substituted with one, two, or threesubstituents independently selected from alkyl, alkoxy, halo,haloalkoxy, hydroxyl, carboxy, or alkoxycarbonyl, e.g., acetyl,propionyl, benzoyl, pyridinylcarbonyl, and the like. When R is alkyl,the radical is also referred to herein as alkylcarbonyl.

“Aryl” means a monovalent monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbonradical of 6 to 10 ring atoms e.g., phenyl or naphthyl.

“Aralkyl” means a -(alkylene)-R radical where R is aryl as definedabove.

“Cycloalkyl” means a cyclic saturated monovalent hydrocarbon radical ofthree to ten carbon atoms wherein one or two carbon atoms may bereplaced by an oxo group, e.g., cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, orcyclohexyl, and the like.

“Cycloalkylalkyl” means a -(alkylene)-R radical where R is cycloalkyl asdefined above; e.g., cyclopropylmethyl, cyclobutylmethyl,cyclopentylethyl, or cyclohexylmethyl, and the like.

“Cycloalkylene” means a cyclic saturated divalent hydrocarbon radical ofthree to ten carbon atoms wherein one or two carbon atoms may bereplaced by an oxo group, e.g., cyclopropylene, cyclobutylene,cyclopentylene, or cyclohexylene, and the like.

“Carboxy” means —COOH.

“Disubstituted amino” means a —NRR′ radical where R and R′ areindependently alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, acyl, aryl, aralkyl,heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, orsubstituted alkyl, each as defined herein, and wherein the aryl,heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl ring either alone or part of another groupe.g., aralkyl, is optionally substituted with one, two, or threesubstituents independently selected from alkyl, alkoxy, halo,haloalkoxy, hydroxyl, carboxy, or alkoxycarbonyl, e.g., dimethylamino,phenylmethylamino, and the like. When the R and R′ groups are alkyl, thedisubstituted amino group maybe referred to herein as dialkylamino.

The term “electron withdrawing group” refers to a chemical substituentthat modifies the electrostatic forces acting on a nearby chemicalreaction center by withdrawing negative charge from that chemicalreaction center. Thus, electron withdrawing groups draw electrons awayfrom a reaction center. As a result, the reaction center is fractionallymore positive than it would be in the absence of theelectron-withdrawing group. In some embodiments, the chemical reactioncenter is one of the two carbons forming the carbon-carbon double bond(olefin). In some embodiments, the chemical reaction center is theolefin carbon attached to EWG. The electron withdrawing group functionsto draw charge or electrons away from this olefin carbon thereby makingthe olefin carbon electron deficient (relative to the absence of theelectron withdrawing group). The electron deficient olefin carbon isthereby rendered more reactive toward electron rich chemical groups,such as the sulfhydryl of a kinase active site cysteine.

Some non-limiting examples of EWG include, but are not limited to, —NR—,—CH(haloalkyl)-, —S(O₂), —S(O), —CO—, —NR′CO—, —NR′SO₂—, —PO(OR′)—,

,

heteroaryl, or aryl; wherein each R′ is independently hydrogen, alkyl,substituted alkyl, or cycloalkyl; ring A is heterocycloamino where thecarbonyl and sulfonyl groups are attached to —C(CN)═CHR^(c) in thedefinition of R¹ and R⁵ in compound of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I); andheterocycloamino, aryl and heteroaryl are substituted with one, two orthree substituents independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy,hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, alkylthio,alkylsulfonyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl or aminosulfonyl,preferably from hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, halo,haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, alkylthio, or alkylsulfonyl. Preferably, theheteroaryl ring is pyridinyl, pyrazolyl, indazolyl, indolyl, thienyl,pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, benzothiazolyl, oxazolyl,benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isoxazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, triazolyl,benzotriazolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinazolinyl, pyrimidinyl, orpyridinyl N-oxide optionally substituted as defined in previousparagraph. In —NR′CO— and —NR′SO₂ groups, the CO and the SO₂ groups areattached to —C(CN)═CHR^(c).

Preferably, EWG is —NR′CO—, —NR′SO₂—,

,

heteroaryl, or aryl; wherein each R′ is independently hydrogen, alkyl,substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl; ring A is heterocycloamino where thecarbonyl and sulfonyl groups are attached to —C(CN)═CHR^(c) in thedefinition of R¹ and R⁵ in compound of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I); andheterocycloamino, aryl and heteroaryl are substituted with one, two orthree substituents independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy,hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, alkylthio,alkylsulfonyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl or aminosulfonyl,preferably from hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, halo,haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfonyl. Preferably, theheteroaryl ring is pyridinyl, pyrazolyl, indazolyl, indolyl, thienyl,pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, benzothiazolyl, oxazolyl,benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isoxazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, triazolyl,benzotriazolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinazolinyl, pyrimidinyl, orpyridinyl N-oxide optionally substituted as defined in previousparagraph.

In the compounds of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I), when R¹ or R⁵ is—Z-(EWG)-C(CN)═CHR and the ring to which R¹ or R⁵ is attached is anelectron deficient π system, both Z and EWG can be a bond and the carbonatom substituted with the cyano group in —C(CN)═CHR can directly attachto such electron deficient ring. A ring has electron deficient π systemwhen it is substituted with an electron withdrawing group or the ringitself is electron deficient e.g., heteroaryl rings containingelectronegative ring atoms such as nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur.

In some embodiments, a composition of the present disclosure comprises acompound corresponding to Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) (or apharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof) in which R¹ or R⁵ is—Z-(EWG)-C(CN)═CHR^(c) and the ring to which R¹ or R⁵ is attached is anelectron deficient π system. In such embodiments, Z and EWG may each bebonds and the carbon atom substituted with the cyano group in—C(CN)═CHR^(c) can directly attach to such electron deficient ring. Ingeneral, a ring has electron deficient 71 system when it is substitutedwith an electron withdrawing group or the ring itself is electrondeficient, e.g., heteroaryl rings containing electronegative ring atomssuch as nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur.

For example, the ring

is an electron deficient π system when it is unsubstituted orsubstituted with halo, cyano or haloalkyl and Ar can be an electrondeficient π system when Ar is heteroaryl e.g.,

substituted with R⁵ or R⁶ or phenyl substituted with R⁵ or R⁶ where atleast one of R⁵ or R⁶ is an electron withdrawing group i.e., halo,haloalkyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, cyano, or —CONH₂.

“Halo” means fluoro, chloro, bromo, or iodo, preferably fluoro orchloro.

“Haloalkyl” means alkyl radical as defined above, which is substitutedwith one or more halogen atoms, preferably one to five halogen atoms,preferably fluorine or chlorine, including those substituted withdifferent halogens, e.g., —CH₂Cl, —CF₃, —CHF₂, —CH₂CF₃, —CF₂CF₃,—CF(CH₃)₂, and the like. When the alkyl is substituted with only fluoro,it is referred to in this Application as fluoroalkyl.

“Haloalkoxy” means a —OR radical where R is haloalkyl as defined abovee.g., —OCF₃, —OCHF₂, and the like. When R is haloalkyl where the alkylis substituted with only fluoro, it is referred to in this Applicationas fluoroalkoxy.

“Hydroxyalkyl” means a linear monovalent hydrocarbon radical of one tosix carbon atoms or a branched monovalent hydrocarbon radical of threeto six carbons substituted with one or two hydroxy groups, provided thatif two hydroxy groups are present they are not both on the same carbonatom. Representative examples include, but are not limited to,hydroxymethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, 3-hydroxypropyl,1-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpropyl, 2-hydroxybutyl, 3-hydroxybutyl,4-hydroxybutyl, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl, 1-(hydroxymethyl)-2-hydroxyethyl,2,3-dihydroxybutyl, 3,4-dihydroxybutyl and2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-hydroxypropyl, preferably 2-hydroxyethyl,2,3-dihydroxypropyl, and 1-(hydroxymethyl)-2-hydroxyethyl.

“Heterocyclyl” means a saturated or unsaturated monovalent monocyclicgroup of 4 to 8 ring atoms in which one or two ring atoms are heteroatomselected from N, O, or S(O)_(n), where n is an integer from 0 to 2, theremaining ring atoms being C. The heterocyclyl ring is optionally fusedto a (one) aryl or heteroaryl ring as defined herein provided the aryland heteroaryl rings are monocyclic. The heterocyclyl ring fused tomonocyclic aryl or heteroaryl ring is also referred to in thisApplication as “bicyclic heterocyclyl” ring. Additionally, one or tworing carbon atoms in the heterocyclyl ring can optionally be replaced bya —CO— group. More specifically the term heterocyclyl includes, but isnot limited to, pyrrolidino, piperidino, homopiperidino,2-oxopyrrolidinyl, 2-oxopiperidinyl, morpholino, piperazino,tetrahydropyranyl, thiomorpholino, and the like. When the heterocyclylring is unsaturated it can contain one or two ring double bonds providedthat the ring is not aromatic. When the heterocyclyl group contains atleast one nitrogen atom, it is also referred to herein asheterocycloamino and is a subset of the heterocyclyl group. When theheterocyclyl group is a saturated ring and is not fused to aryl orheteroaryl ring as stated above, it is also referred to herein assaturated monocyclic heterocyclyl.

“Heterocyclylalkyl” means a -(alkylene)-R radical where R isheterocyclyl ring as defined above e.g., tetraydrofuranylmethyl,piperazinylmethyl, morpholinylethyl, and the like.

“Heterocycloamino” means a saturated or unsaturated monovalentmonocyclic group of 4 to 8 ring atoms in which one or two ring atoms areheteroatom selected from N, O, or S(O)_(n), where n is an integer from 0to 2, the remaining ring atoms being C provided that at least one of thering atoms is N. Additionally, one or two ring carbon atoms in theheterocycloamino ring can optionally be replaced by a —CO— group. Whenthe heterocycloamino ring is unsaturated it can contain one or two ringdouble bonds provided that the ring is not aromatic. The heterocyloaminoring can optionally be substituted with one, two, or three substituentsindependently selected from alkyl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, cyano, nitro, halo,haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfonyl, carboxy,alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl or aminosulfonyl, amino, alkylamino, ordialkylamino unless otherwise stated herein.

“Heteroaryl” means a monovalent monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic radicalof 5 to 10 ring atoms where one or more, preferably one, two, or three,ring atoms are heteroatom selected from N, O, or S, the remaining ringatoms being carbon. Representative examples include, but are not limitedto, pyrrolyl, thienyl, thiazolyl, imidazolyl, furanyl, indolyl,isoindolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl,quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl,pyridazinyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, and the like.

“Heteroaralkyl” means a -(alkylene)-R radical where R is heteroaryl asdefined above.

“Heteroalkylene” means an -(alkylene)- radical where one, two or threecarbons in the alkylene chain is replaced by —O—, N(H, alkyl, orsubstituted alkyl), S, SO, SO₂, or CO.

“Monosubstituted amino” means a —NHR radical where R is alkyl,cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, acyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl,heteroaralkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, or substituted alkyl,each as defined herein, and wherein the aryl, heteroaryl, orheterocyclyl ring either alone or part of another group e.g., aralkyl,is optionally substituted with one, two, or three substituentsindependently selected from alkyl, alkoxy, halo, haloalkoxy, hydroxyl,carboxy, or alkoxycarbonyl, e.g., methylamino, phenylamino,hydroxyethylamino, and the like. When R is alkyl, the monosubstitutedamino group maybe referred to herein as alkylamino.

The present disclosure also includes the prodrugs of compounds ofFormula (IA), (I′) or (I) (or any of the embodiments thereof describedherein). The term prodrug is intended to represent covalently bondedcarriers, which are capable of releasing the active ingredient ofFormula (IA), (I′) or (I) (or any of the embodiments thereof describedherein), when the prodrug is administered to a mammalian subject.Release of the active ingredient occurs in vivo. Prodrugs can beprepared by techniques known to one skilled in the art. These techniquesgenerally modify appropriate functional groups in a given compound.These modified functional groups however regenerate original functionalgroups in vivo or by routine manipulation. Prodrugs of compounds ofFormula (IA), (I′) or (I) (or any of the embodiments thereof describedherein), include compounds wherein a hydroxy, amino, carboxylic, or asimilar group is modified. Examples of prodrugs include, but are notlimited to esters (e.g., acetate, formate, and benzoate derivatives),carbamates (e.g., N,N-dimethylaminocarbonyl) of hydroxy or aminofunctional groups in compounds of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I)), amides(e.g., trifluoroacetylamino, acetylamino, and the like), and the like.Prodrugs of compounds of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) (or any of theembodiments thereof described herein), are also within the scope of thisdisclosure.

The present disclosure also includes protected derivatives of compoundsof Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) (or any of the embodiments thereofdescribed herein). For example, when compounds of Formula (IA), (I′) or(I) (or any of the embodiments thereof described herein), contain groupssuch as hydroxy, carboxy, thiol or any group containing a nitrogenatom(s), these groups can be protected with a suitable protectinggroups. A comprehensive list of suitable protective groups can be foundin T. W. Greene, Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, John Wiley &Sons, Inc. (1999), the disclosure of which is incorporated herein byreference in its entirety. The protected derivatives of compounds ofFormula (IA), (I′) or (I) (or any of the embodiments thereof describedherein), can be prepared by methods well known in the art.

The present disclosure also includes polymorphic forms (amorphous aswell as crystalline) and deuterated forms of compounds of Formula (IA),(I′) or (I) (or any of the embodiments thereof described herein).

A “pharmaceutically acceptable salt” of a compound means a salt that ispharmaceutically acceptable and that possesses the desiredpharmacological activity of the parent compound. Such salts include:

acid addition salts, formed with inorganic acids such as hydrochloricacid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, andthe like; or formed with organic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid,propionic acid, hexanoic acid, cyclopentanepropionic acid, glycolicacid, pyruvic acid, lactic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, malicacid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, benzoicacid, 3-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, mandelic acid,methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, 1,2-ethanedisulfonic acid,2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid,4-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid, 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid,4-toluenesulfonic acid, camphorsulfonic acid, glucoheptonic acid,4,4′-methylenebis-(3-hydroxy-2-ene-1-carboxylic acid), 3-phenylpropionicacid, trimethylacetic acid, tertiary butylacetic acid, lauryl sulfuricacid, gluconic acid, glutamic acid, hydroxynaphthoic acid, salicylicacid, stearic acid, muconic acid, and the like; or

salts formed when an acidic proton present in the parent compound eitheris replaced by a metal ion, e.g., an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earthion, or an aluminum ion; or coordinates with an organic base such asethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, tromethamine,N-methylglucamine, and the like. It is understood that thepharmaceutically acceptable salts are non-toxic. Additional informationon suitable pharmaceutically acceptable salts can be found inRemington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 17th ed., Mack Publishing Company,Easton, Pa., 1985, which is incorporated herein by reference.

The compounds of the present disclosure may have asymmetric centers.Compounds of the present disclosure containing an asymmetricallysubstituted atom may be isolated in optically active or racemic forms.It is well known in the art how to prepare optically active forms, suchas by resolution of materials. All chiral, diastereomeric, racemic formsare within the scope of this disclosure, unless the specificstereochemistry or isomeric form is specifically indicated.

Certain compounds of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) (or any of theembodiments thereof described herein), can exist as tautomers and/orgeometric isomers. All possible tautomers and cis and trans isomers, asindividual forms and mixtures thereof are within the scope of thisdisclosure. Additionally, as used herein the term alkyl includes all thepossible isomeric forms of said alkyl group albeit only a few examplesare set forth. Furthermore, when the cyclic groups such as aryl,heteroaryl, heterocyclyl are substituted, they include all thepositional isomers albeit only a few examples are set forth.Furthermore, all polymorphic forms and hydrates of a compound of Formula(IA), (I′) or (I) (or any of the embodiments thereof described herein),are within the scope of this disclosure.

“Oxo” or “carbonyl” means C═(O) group.

“Optional” or “optionally” means that the subsequently described eventor circumstance may but need not occur, and that the descriptionincludes instances where the event or circumstance occurs and instancesin which it does not. For example, “heterocyclyl group optionallysubstituted with an alkyl group” means that the alkyl may but need notbe present, and the description includes situations where theheterocyclyl group is substituted with an alkyl group and situationswhere the heterocyclyl group is not substituted with alkyl.

A “pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient” means a carrier oran excipient that is useful in preparing a pharmaceutical compositionthat is generally safe, non-toxic and neither biologically nor otherwiseundesirable, and includes a carrier or an excipient that is acceptablefor veterinary use as well as human pharmaceutical use. “Apharmaceutically acceptable carrier/excipient” as used in thespecification and claims includes both one and more than one suchexcipient.

“Substituted alkyl” means alkyl group as defined herein which issubstituted with one, two, or three substituents independently selectedfrom hydroxyl, alkoxy, carboxy, cyano, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl,alkylthio, alkylsulfonyl, halo, —CONRR′ or —NRR′ (where each R ishydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, or alkoxyalkyl, and each R′is hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl) or heterocyclyl (preferablyheterocycloamino) which is optionally substituted with one or two groupsindependently selected from alkyl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, alkylthio,alkylsulfonyl, halo, or —CONRR′ where R and R′ are as defined above.

“Treating” or “treatment” of a disease includes:

(1) preventing the disease, i.e. causing the clinical symptoms of thedisease not to develop in a mammal that may be exposed to or predisposedto the disease but does not yet experience or display symptoms of thedisease;

(2) inhibiting the disease, i.e., arresting or reducing the developmentof the disease or its clinical symptoms; or

(3) relieving the disease, i.e., causing regression of the disease orits clinical symptoms.

A “therapeutically effective amount” means the amount of a compound ofFormula (IA), (I′) or (I) (or any of the embodiments thereof describedherein), that, when administered to a mammal for treating a disease, issufficient to effect such treatment for the disease. The“therapeutically effective amount” will vary depending on the compound,the disease and its severity and the age, weight, etc., of the mammal tobe treated.

Representative compounds of the Disclosure are shown in Tables 1 and 2below:

TABLE 1

Cpd # Stereo- chem Z³ R²

—Z—EWG— R^(c) Mass Spec M⁺ + 1  1 N — phenyl phenyl

cyclopropyl 506  2 N — phenyl phenyl

cyclopropyl 506  3 N — phenyl phenyl

cyclopropyl 506  4 N — 3- methoxyphenyl 3,4-diClphenyl

cyclopropyl 604  5 N — 3- methoxyphenyl 3,4-diClphenyl

cyclopropyl 604  6 N — 3- methoxyphenyl 3,4-diClphenyl

cyclopropyl 604  7 N — phenyl phenyl

tert-butyl 522  8 N — phenyl phenyl

tert-butyl 522  9 N — 3- methoxyphenyl 3,4-diClphenyl

tert-butyl 620  10 N — phenyl phenyl

tert-butyl 522  11 1s,4s N — phenyl phenyl

cyclopropyl 520  12 N — 3- methoxyphenyl 3,4-diClphenyl

tert-butyl 620  13 1r,4r N — 3- methoxyphenyl 3,4-diClphenyl

cyclopropyl 618  14 1s,4s N — phenyl phenyl

tert-butyl 536  15A  15B R S N — phenyl 3-Fphenyl

cyclopropyl 524 —  16 1r,4r N — 3- methoxyphenyl 3,4-diClphenyl

tert-butyl 634  17A  17B R S N — phenyl 3,5-diFphenyl

cyclopropyl 542 —  18A  18B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

cyclopropyl 524 —  19 N — 3- methoxyphenyl 3,4-diClphenyl

tert-butyl 622  20 1s,4s N — 3- methoxyphenyl 3,4-diClphenyl

cyclopropyl 618  21 1s,4s N — 3- methoxyphenyl 3,4-diClphenyl

tert-butyl 635  22A  22B R S N — phenyl phenyl

cyclopropyl 506 506  23A  23B R S N — phenyl phenyl

tert-butyl 522 —  24A  24B R S N — phenyl 3-Fphenyl

cyclopropyl 524.2 —  25A  25B R S N — phenyl 3,5-diFphenyl

cyclopropyl 542.2 —  27A  27B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

cyclopropyl 524.2 524  28 N — phenyl phenyl

tert-butyl 522  29A  29B R S N — phenyl phenyl

tert-butyl 522 —  30A  30B R S N — phenyl phenyl

cyclopropyl 506 —  31A  31B R S N — phenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

cyclopropyl 542.40 542.15  32A  32B R S N — phenyl 2,6-diFphenyl

cyclopropyl 542 542.30  33A  33B R S N — phenyl 2-Fphenyl

cyclopropyl 524.2 —  34 N — phenyl phenyl —(CH₂)₂NHCO— cyclopropyl 466 35A  35B R S N — phenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

cyclopropyl 542 —  36A  36B R S N — phenyl 2,6-diFphenyl

cyclopropyl 542 —  37A  37B R S N — phenyl 2,5-diFphenyl

cyclopropyl 542 —  38A  38B R S N — phenyl 2-Fphenyl

cyclopropyl 524 —  39A  39B R S N — phenyl 2,5-diFphenyl

cyclopropyl 542 542.30  40A  40B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 3-Fphenyl

cyclopropyl 542.30 542  41A  41B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 3,5-diFphenyl

cyclopropyl 560 —  42A  42B R S N — 3-Fphenyl phenyl

cyclopropyl 524.45 —  43A  43B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

cyclopropyl 560.40 560  44A  44B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,6-diFphenyl

cyclopropyl 560.40 560.30  45 N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl —(CH₂)₂NHCO—cyclopropyl  46 N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl —C(CH₃)₂CH₂NHCO— cyclopropyl  47 N— 2-Fphenyl phenyl —CH₂C(CH₃)₂NHCO— cyclopropyl  48 N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl—(CH₂)₂NHSO₂— cyclopropyl  49 N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl —(CH₂)₂N(CH₃)SO₂—cyclopropyl  50 N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl —(CH₂)₂OCO— cyclopropyl  51 N —2-Fphenyl phenyl —CH₂C(CH₃)₂OCO— cyclopropyl  52 N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl—CH₂CH₂SO₂— cyclopropyl  53 N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl 5-CH₂oxazol-2-ylcyclopropyl  54A  54B R S CH — phenyl phenyl

cyclopropyl 505 —  55A  55B R S CH — phenyl 3,5-diFphenyl

cyclopropyl 541 —  56A  56B R S CH — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

cyclopropyl 523 —  57A  57B R S CH — phenyl phenyl

cyclopropyl — 505  58A  58B R S CH — phenyl 3,5-diFphenyl

cyclopropyl — 541  59A  59B R S CH — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

cyclopropyl — 523  60A  60B R S C CH₃ phenyl phenyl

cyclopropyl  61A  61B R S C CH₃ phenyl 3,5-diFphenyl

chloropropyl  62A  62B R S C CH₃ 2-Fphenyl phenyl

cyclopropyl  63A  63B R S C CH₃ phenyl phenyl

cyclopropyl — 519  64A  64B R S C CH₃ phenyl 3,5-diFphenyl

cyclopropyl — 555  65A  65B R or S C CH₃ 2-Fphenyl phenyl

cyclopropyl — 536  66 RS N — phenyl phenyl

cyclopropyl 506  67 — N — phenyl phenyl —CH₂C(CH₃)₂—CH₂NHCO— cyclopropyl508  68 N — phenyl phenyl

*attached to —C(CN)═R^(c) cyclopropyl 472  69A  69B R S N —2-methylphenyl phenyl

cyclopropyl 520 —  70A  70B R S N — 2-chlorophenyl phenyl

cyclopropyl 541 —  71A  71B R S N — phenyl 2,5-diFphenyl

—CH(CH₃)₂ — 544.20  72A  72B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 3-Fphenyl

—C(CH₃)₂NH₂ 559 558.90  73A  73B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 3-Fphenyl

—CH(CH₃)₂ — 544  74A  74B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

tert-butyl 540 —  75A  75B R S N — phenyl 2,6-diFphenyl

—CH(CH₃)₂ — 544.45  76A  76B R S N — phenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

—CH(CH₃)₂ — 544.05  77A  77B R S C CH₃ phenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂ — 564  78A  78B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,6-diFphenyl

—CH(CH₃)₂ — 562.25  79A  79B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

cyclopropyl — 560.10  80A  80B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

—CH(CH₃)₂ — 562.1  81A  81B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

—CH(CH₃)₂ 526.35 526.35  82A  82B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)₂NH₂ 541 541  83A  83B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)₂NHCH₃ 555 555.05  84A  84B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂ 569 569  85A  85B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)₂— NHCH₂CH₃ 569 569  86A  86B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)₂NH— CH(CH₃)₂ — 583  87A  87B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)₂NH- cyclopropyl — 581  88A  88B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)₂— NH(CH₂)₂OCH₃ — 599  89A  89B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)₂— OCH₂CH₃ 570 570  90A  90B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

1-amino-cycloprop- 1-yl 539  91A  91B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

1-methylamino- cycloprop-1-yl  92A  92B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

1-ethylamino- cycloprop-1-yl  93A  93B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

1-isopropyl- aminocycloprop- 1-yl  94A  94B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

pyrrolidin-2-yl  95A  95B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)₂-morpholin- 4-yl 611 611  96A  96B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

1-diethylamino- methylcyclopent-1-yl  97A  97B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

1-dimethylamino- methylcyclopent-1-yl  98A  98B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

1-methyl-piperidin- 4-yl  99A  99B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

tetrahydro-pyran- 4-yl 100A 100B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

piperidin-4-yl 101A 101B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

piperidin-3-yl 102A 102B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

—CH(CH₃)₂ 562 562 103A 103B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

—C(CH₃)₃ — 576 104A 104B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

—C(CH₃)₂NH₂ 577 577 105A 105B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

—C(CH₃)₂NHCH₃ 591 591 106A 106B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

—C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂ 605 605 107A 107B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

—C(CH₃)²⁻NHCH₂CH₃ 605 — 108A 108B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

—C(CH₃)₂NH— CH(CH₃)₂ — 583 109A 109B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

—C(CH₃)₂NH- cyclopropyl 110A 110B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

—C(CH₃)₂— NH(CH₂)₂OCH₃ 111A 111B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

—C(CH₃)₂—OCH₂CH₃ 606 606 112A 112B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

1-amino-cycloprop- 1-yl 113A 113B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

1-methylamino- cycloprop-1-yl 114A 114B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

1-ethylamino- cycloprop-1-yl 115A 115B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

1-isopropylamino- cycloprop-1-yl 116A 116B R S N — 2-Fphenyl2,3-diFphenyl

pyrrolidin-2-yl 117A 117B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

—C(CH₃)₂-morpholin- 4-yl 118A 118B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

1-diethylamino- methylcyclopent-1-yl 119A 119B R S N — 2-Fphenyl2,3-diFphenyl

1-dimethylamino- methylcyclopent- 1-yl 120A 120B R S N — 2-Fphenyl2,3-diFphenyl

1-methylpiperidin- 4-yl 121A 121B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

tetrahydropyran-4-yl 122A 122B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

piperidin-4-yl 123A 123B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

piperidin-3-yl 124A 124B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

—CH(CH₃)₂ 526 — 125A 125B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)₃ 540 — 126A 126B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)₂NH₂ 542 — 127A 127B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)₂NHCH₃ 128A 128B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂ 569 — 129A 129B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)²⁻NHCH₂CH₃ 130A 130B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)₂NH— CH(CH₃)₂ 131A 131B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)₂NH- cyclopropyl 132A 132B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)₂— NH(CH₂)₂OCH₃ 133A 133B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)₂—OCH₂CH₃ 570 — 134A 134B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

1-amino-cycloprop-1-yl 135A 135B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

1-methylamino- cycloprop-1-yl 136A 136B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

1-ethylamino- cycloprop-1-yl 137A 137B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

1-isopropylamino- cycloprop-1-yl 138A 138B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

pyrrolidin-2-yl 139A 139B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)₂-morpholin- 4-yl 611 — 140A 140B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

1-diethylamino- methylcyclopent-1-yl 141A 141B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

1-dimethylamino- methylcyclopent-1-yl 142A 142B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

1-methylpiperidin-4-yl 143A 143B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

tetrahydropyran-4-yl 144A 144B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

piperidin-4-yl 145A 145B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

piperidin-3-yl 146A 146B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

cyclopropyl 560 — 147A 147B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

—CH(CH₃)₂ 562 — 148A 148B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

—C(CH₃)₃ 576 — 149A 149B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

—C(CH₃)₂NH₂ 577 — 150A 150B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

—C(CH₃)₂NHCH₃ 151A 151B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

—C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂ 605 — 152A 152B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

—C(CH₃)²⁻NHCH₂CH₃ 153A 153B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

—C(CH₃)₂NH— CH(CH₃)₂ 154A 154B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

—C(CH₃)₂NH- cyclopropyl 155A 155B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

—C(CH₃)₂— NH(CH₂)₂OCH₃ 156A 156B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

—C(CH₃)₂—OCH₂CH₃ 606 — 157A 157B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

1-amino-cycloprop-1-yl 158A 158B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

1-methylamino- cycloprop-1-yl 159A 159B R S N — 2-F-phenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

1-ethylamino- cycloprop-1-yl 160A 160B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

1-isopropylamino- cycloprop-1-yl 161A 161B R S N — 2-Fphenyl2,3-diFphenyl

pyrrolidin-2-yl 162A 162B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

—C(CH₃)₂-morpholin- 4-yl 647.3 — 163A 163B R S N — 2-Fphenyl2,3-diFphenyl

1-diethylamino- methylcyclopent-1-yl 164A 164B R S N — 2-Fphenyl2,3-diFphenyl

1-dimethylamino- methylcyclopent-1-yl 165A 165B R S N — 2-Fphenyl2,3-diFphenyl

1-methylpiperidin-4-yl 166A 166B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

tetrahydropyran-4-yl 167A 167B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

piperidin-4-yl 168A 168B R S N — 2-Fphenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

piperidin-3-yl 169A 169B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)²⁻piperidin- 1-yl 609 609 170A 170B R S CH — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂ — 468 171A 171B R S CH — phenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

cyclopropyl — 541 172A 172B R S CH — phenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

—CH(CH₃)₂ — 543 173A 173B R S CH — phenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

—C(CH₃)₃ — 557 174A 174B R S CH — phenyl 2,3-diFphenyl

—C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂ — 586 175A 175B R S CH — phenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂ 550 550 176A 176B R S CH — phenyl phenyl

—CH(CH₃)₂ 507 507 177A 177B R S CH — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)₂NH₂ 540 540 178A 178B R S CH — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂ 550 — 179A 179B R S CH — phenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)₂— morpholin-4-yl 592 592 180A 180B R S CH — phenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)₂N(CH₂CH₃)₂ 578 578 181A 181B R S CH — phenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)₂OCH₂CH₃ 551 551 182A R N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl —(CH₂)CH(CH₃)NHCO—tert-butyl 514- 182B S — 183A R N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl —(CH₂)CH(CH₃)NHCO—isopropyl 500- 183B S — 184A R N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl —(CH₂)*CH(CH₃)NHCO——C(CH₃)₂OCH₂CH₃ 544- 184B S — 185A R N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl—(CH₂)*CH(CH₃)NHCO— —C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂ 543- 185B S — 186 N — 2-Fphenylphenyl

2(S)pyrrolidin-2-yl 553 187 N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

2(R)pyrrolidin-2-yl 553 188 R N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl —(CH₂)*CH(CH₃)NHCO——C(CH₃)₂NH₂ 515 189 N — phenyl phenyl —(CH₂)₂N(CH₃)CO— cyclopropyl 480190A 190B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

—C(CH₃)₂piperidin- 1-yl 609 191 S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl—(CH₂)*CH(CH₃)NHCO— tert-butyl 514 192 S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl—(CH₂)*CH(CH₃)NHCO— iso-propyl 500 193 S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl—(CH₂)*CH(CH₃)NHCO— —C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂ 543 194 S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl—(CH₂)*CH(CH₃)NHCO— —C(CH₃)₂OCH₂CH₃ 544 195 S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl—(CH₂)*CH(CH₃)NHCO— —C(CH₃)₂NH₂ 515 196 S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl—(CH₂)*CH(CH₃)NHCO— cyclopropyl 498 197A 197B R S N — 2-Fphenyl phenyl

— 554.3or an RS mixture of enantiomers; or an E or Z isomer, or apharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Note: In the table above, the letter A refers to the R isomer and Brefers to its corresponding S isomer e.g., 168A=R isomer and 168B is thecorresponding S isomer of the same compound.

and are named as follows:

-   2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile*;-   2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile*;-   2-(4-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile*;-   2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile*;-   2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy(3-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile*;-   2-(4-(4-amino-3-(4-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile*;-   2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrile*;-   2-(4-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrile*;-   2-(4-(4-amino-3-(4-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrile*;-   2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrile*;-   N-((1s,4s)-4-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)cyclohexyl)-2-cyano-3-cyclopropylacrylamide*;-   2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrile*;-   N-((1r,4r)-4-(4-amino-3-(4-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)cyclohexyl)-2-cyano-3-cyclopropylacrylamide*;-   N-((1s,4s)-4-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)cyclohexyl)-2-cyano-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enamide*;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylamide;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylamide;-   N-((1r,4r)-4-(4-amino-3-(4-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)cyclohexyl)-2-cyano-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enamide*;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylamide;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylamide;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-(phenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylamide;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-(phenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylamide;-   2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrile*;-   N-((1s,4s)-4-(4-amino-3-(4-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)cyclohexyl)-2-cyano-3-cyclopropylacrylamide*;-   N-((1s,4s)-4-(4-amino-3-(4-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)cyclohexyl)-2-cyano-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enamide*;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile*;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrile;    23-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   2-(3-((4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrile*;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrile*;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrile*;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylamide*;    30-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2-fluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylamide;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2-fluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylamide;-   N-(2-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl)-2-cyano-3-cyclopropylacrylamide;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylamide;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylamide;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylamide;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylamide;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylamide;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylamide;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2-fluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2-fluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(3-fluoro-4-(phenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(3-fluoro-4-(phenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   N-(2-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl)-2-cyano-3-cyclopropylacrylamide;-   N-(2-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)-2-methylpropyl)-2-cyano-3-cyclopropylacrylamide;-   N-(1-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-2-cyano-3-cyclopropylacrylamide;-   N-(2-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl)-1-cyano-2-cyclopropylethenesulfonamide;-   N-(2-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl)-1-cyano-2-cyclopropyl-N-methylethenesulfonamide;-   2-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl    2-cyano-3-cyclopropylacrylate;-   1-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl    2-cyano-3-cyclopropylacrylate;-   2-((2-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl)sulfonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   2-(5-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)oxazol-2-yl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;    53-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile*;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile*;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-5-(4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-5-(4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-5-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-5-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;    58-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-6-methyl-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-6-methyl-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-5-(4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-6-methyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-5-(4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-6-methyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   2-((3R)-3-(4-amino-5-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   2-((3S)-3-(4-amino-5-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (R)-(2-(2-((4-amino-6-methyl-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (S)-(2-(2-((4-amino-6-methyl-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-6-methyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-6-methyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;    or-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;    65-   2-(3-((4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile*;-   N-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)-2,2-dimethylpropyl)-2-cyano-3-cyclopropylacrylamide;-   2-(4-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile*;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-methyl-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-methyl-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-chloro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-chloro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-4-amino-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-4-amino-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-6-methyl-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-6-methyl-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;    77-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)-4,4-difluoropyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)-4,4-difluoropyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)-4,4-difluoropyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)-4,4-difluoropyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;    80-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-4-amino-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-4-amino-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-(methylamino)pent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-(methylamino)pent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(ethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(ethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(isopropylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(isopropylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(cyclopropylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(cyclopropylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-ethoxy-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-ethoxy-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-aminocyclopropyl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-aminocyclopropyl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-(methylamino)cyclopropyl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-(methylamino)cyclopropyl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-(ethylamino)cyclopropyl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-(ethylamino)cyclopropyl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-(isopropylamino)cyclopropyl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-(isopropylamino)cyclopropyl)acrylonitrile;-   2-((S)-2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)acrylonitrile;-   2-((R)-2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-morpholinopent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-morpholinopent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-((dimethylamino)methyl)cyclopentyl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-((dimethylamino)methyl)cyclopentyl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(piperidin-4-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(piperidin-4-yl)acrylonitrile;-   2-((S)-2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(piperidin-3-yl)acrylonitrile;-   2-((R)-2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(piperidin-3-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-4-amino-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-4-amino-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-(methylamino)pent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-(methylamino)pent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(ethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(ethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(isopropylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(isopropylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(cyclopropylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(cyclopropylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-ethoxy-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-ethoxy-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-aminocyclopropyl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-aminocyclopropyl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-(methylamino)cyclopropyl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-(methylamino)cyclopropyl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-(ethylamino)cyclopropyl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-(ethylamino)cyclopropyl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-(isopropylamino)cyclopropyl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-(isopropylamino)cyclopropyl)acrylonitrile;-   2-((S)-2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)acrylonitrile;-   2-((R)-2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-morpholinopent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-morpholinopent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-((diethylamino)methyl)cyclopentyl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-((diethylamino)methyl)cyclopentyl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-((dimethylamino)methyl)cyclopentyl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-((dimethylamino)-methyl)cyclopentyl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(piperidin-4-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(piperidin-4-yl)acrylonitrile;-   2-((S)-2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(piperidin-3-yl)acrylonitrile;-   2-((R)-2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(piperidin-3-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-4-amino-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-4-amino-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-(methylamino)pent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-(methylamino)pent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(ethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(ethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(isopropylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(isopropylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(cyclopropylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(cyclopropylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-ethoxy-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-ethoxy-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-aminocyclopropyl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-aminocyclopropyl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-(methylamino)cyclopropyl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-(methylamino)cyclopropyl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-(ethylamino)cyclopropyl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-(ethylamino)cyclopropyl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-(isopropylamino)cyclopropyl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-(isopropylamino)cyclopropyl)acrylonitrile;-   2-((R)-3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)acrylonitrile;-   2-((S)-3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-morpholinopent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-((diethylamino)methyl)-cyclopentyl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-((diethylamino)methyl)-cyclopentyl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-((dimethylamino)methyl)cyclopentyl)-acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-((dimethylamino)methyl)cyclopentyl)-acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(piperidin-4-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(piperidin-4-yl)acrylonitrile;-   2-((R)-3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(piperidin-3-yl)acrylonitrile;-   2-((S)-3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(piperidin-3-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-4-amino-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-4-amino-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-(methylamino)pent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-(methylamino)pent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(ethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(ethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(isopropylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(isopropylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(cyclopropylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(cyclopropylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-ethoxy-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-ethoxy-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-aminocyclopropyl)-acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-aminocyclopropyl)-acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-(methylamino)cyclopropyl)-acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-(methylamino)cyclopropyl)-acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-(ethylamino)cyclopropyl)-acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-(ethylamino)cyclopropyl)-acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-(isopropylamino)-cyclopropyl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-(isopropylamino)-cyclopropyl)acrylonitrile;-   2-((R)-3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)acrylonitrile;-   2-((S)-3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-morpholinopent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-morpholinopent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-((diethylamino)methyl)-cyclopentyl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-((diethylamino)methyl)-cyclopentyl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-((dimethylamino)-methyl)cyclopentyl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-((dimethylamino)-methyl)cyclopentyl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(piperidin-4-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(piperidin-4-yl)acrylonitrile;-   2-((R)-3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(piperidin-3-yl)acrylonitrile;-   2-((S)-3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(piperidin-3-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-(piperidin-1-yl)pent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-(piperidin-1-yl)pent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-4-amino-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-4-amino-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-morpholinopent-2-enenitrile-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-morpholinopent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(diethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(diethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-ethoxy-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-ethoxy-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)—N-(1-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)propan-2-yl)-2-cyano-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enamide;-   (S)—N-(1-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)propan-2-yl)-2-cyano-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enamide-   (R)—N-(1-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)propan-2-yl)-2-cyano-4-methylpent-2-enamide;-   (S)—N-(1-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)propan-2-yl)-2-cyano-4-methylpent-2-enamide;-   (R)—N-(1-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)propan-2-yl)-2-cyano-4-ethoxy-4-methylpent-2-enamide;-   (S)—N-(1-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)propan-2-yl)-2-cyano-4-ethoxy-4-methylpent-2-enamide;-   (R)—N-(1-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)propan-2-yl)-2-cyano-4-(dimethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enamide;-   (S)—N-(1-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)propan-2-yl)-2-cyano-4-(dimethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enamide;-   2-((R)-2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-((S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)acrylonitrile;-   2-((R)-2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-((R)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)acrylonitrile;-   (R)-4-amino-N-(1-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)propan-2-yl)-2-cyano-4-methylpent-2-enamide;-   (S)-4-amino-N-(1-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)propan-2-yl)-2-cyano-4-methylpent-2-enamide;-   N-(2-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl)-2-cyano-3-cyclopropyl-N-methylacrylamide;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-(piperidin-1-yl)pent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-(piperidin-1-yl)pent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)—N-(1-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)propan-2-yl)-2-cyano-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enamide;-   (S)—N-(1-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)propan-2-yl)-2-cyano-4-methylpent-2-enamide;-   (S)—N-(1-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)propan-2-yl)-2-cyano-4-(dimethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enamide;-   (S)—N-(1-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)propan-2-yl)-2-cyano-4-ethoxy-4-methylpent-2-enamide;-   (S)-4-amino-N-(1-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)propan-2-yl)-2-cyano-4-methylpent-2-enamide;-   (S)—N-(1-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)propan-2-yl)-2-cyano-3-cyclopropylacrylamide;    or a mixture of R and S isomers or an individual (E) or (Z) isomer    thereof;

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

*=cpds not in claims.

TABLE 2

Cpd # Stereochem Z³ R²

—Z—EWG— R^(c) 1 RS N — phenyl 4-CF₃phenyl

cyclopropyl 2 RS N — phenyl 4-CF₃phenyl

cyclopropyl 3 RS N — phenyl 4-CF₃phenyl

tert-butyl 4 RS N — phenyl 4-CF₃phenyl

cyclopropyl 5 RS N — phenyl 4-CF₃phenyl

tert-butyl 6 RS N — phenyl 4-CF₃phenyl

tert-butyl 7 1r,4r N — phenyl 3-CF₃phenyl

cyclopropyl 8 1r,4r N — phenyl 4-CF₃phenyl

tert-butyl 9 1s,4s N — phenyl 4-CF₃phenyl

cyclopropyl 10 1s,4s N — phenyl 4-CF₃phenyl

tert-butyl

and are named as follows:

-   N-(4-(4-amino-1-(1-(2-cyano-3-cyclopropylacryloyl)piperidin-3-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)phenyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide;-   N-(4-(4-amino-1-(1-(2-cyano-3-cyclopropylacryloyl)piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)phenyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide;-   N-(4-(4-amino-1-(1-(2-cyano-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enoyl)piperidin-3-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)phenyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide;-   N-(4-(4-amino-1-((1-(2-cyano-3-cyclopropylacryloyl)pyrrolidin-2-yl)methyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)phenyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide;-   N-(4-(4-amino-1-((1-(2-cyano-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enoyl)pyrrolidin-2-yl)methyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)phenyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide;-   N-(4-(4-amino-1-(1-(2-cyano-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enoyl)piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)phenyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide;-   N-(4-(4-amino-1-((1r,4r)-4-(2-cyano-3-cyclopropylacrylamido)cyclohexyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)phenyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide;-   N-(4-(4-amino-1-((1r,4r)-4-(2-cyano-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enamido)cyclohexyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)phenyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide;-   N-(4-(4-amino-1-((1s,4s)-4-(2-cyano-3-cyclopropylacrylamido)cyclohexyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)phenyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide;-   N-(4-(4-amino-1-((1s,4s)-4-(2-cyano-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enamido)cyclohexyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)phenyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide;

or and E or Z isomer thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable saltthereof.

EMBODIMENTS Embodiment A

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (I) is as defined above (or apharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof) in which the fused bicyclicmoiety thereof has the structure:

Preferably,

Preferably,

Preferably,

Preferably,

Embodiment B

In another embodiment, a compound of Formula (I) is as defined above (ora pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof) or as more specificallydefined in embodiment (A) and groups contained therein, wherein in onegroup of compounds L is O, S, SO, SO₂, NR or NHCONH; preferably O, S,NH, or N(methyl), or NHCONH; more preferably L is O or NHCONH. Withinthis embodiment, in one group of compounds L is O. Within thisembodiment, in one group of compounds L is NHCONH, NHCO, or CONH,preferably NHCONH. Within this embodiment and groups contained therein,in one group of compounds R² is hydrogen, methyl, fluoro, ortrifluoromethyl, preferably hydrogen or methyl, more preferablyhydrogen.

Embodiment C

In another embodiment, a compound of Formula (I) is as defined above (ora pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof) or as more specificallydefined in embodiments (A) and/or (B) and groups contained therein, inone group of compounds R³ and R⁴ are independently hydrogen, alkyl,alkoxy, cyano, halo, haloalkyl or haloalkoxy; preferably R³ and R⁴ areindependently hydrogen, methyl, fluoro, methoxy, chloro,trifluoromethyl, or trifluoromethoxy. Preferably, R³ and R⁴ areindependently hydrogen or fluoro. Preferably, in one group of compounds

is a ring of formula:

where R³ is methyl, ethyl, chloro, fluoro or trifluoromethyl, preferablymethyl, ethyl, chloro or fluoro, more preferably, methyl, ethyl, orchloro, even more preferably chloro or fluoro, particularly preferablyfluoro. Preferably, in another group of compounds

is a ring of formula

where R³ is alkyl or halo, preferably methyl, chloro or fluoro.Preferably, in yet another group of compounds

is a ring of formula

preferably,

Embodiment D

In another embodiment, a compound of Formula (I) is as defined above (ora pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof) or as more specificallydefined in embodiments (A), (B) and/or (C) and groups contained therein,wherein in one group of compounds R⁶ and R⁷ are independently hydrogen,alkyl, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, or cyano. Preferably, R⁶ andR⁷ are independently hydrogen, methyl, methoxy, fluoro, chloro,trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, or cyano. Preferably, in anothergroup of compounds:

is a ring of formula:

preferably,

is a ring of formula:

Embodiment E

In another embodiment, a compound of Formula (I) is as defined above (ora pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof) or as more specificallydefined in embodiments (A), (B), (C) and/or (D) and groups containedtherein, wherein in one group of compounds:

(a) R⁵ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, orcyano. Preferably, R⁵ is hydrogen, methyl, methoxy, fluoro, chloro,trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, or cyano;

R¹ is —Z-(EWG)-C(CN)═CHR^(c) where Z is bond, NR^(a) (where R^(a) ishydrogen or alkyl), —O—, —S—, —S(O)—, —S(O₂)—, alkylene, cycloalkylene,heteroalkylene, aryl or heteroaryl, EWG is an electron withdrawinggroup, and R^(c) is alkyl, haloalkoxy, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl,cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) where R^(d) and R^(e) are independentlyhydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl;

and L is O.

(b) In another group of compounds R¹ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halo,haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, or cyano. Preferably, R¹ is hydrogen, methyl,methoxy, fluoro, chloro, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, or cyano;

R⁵ is —Z-(EWG)-C(CN)═CHR^(c) where Z is bond, NR^(a) (where R^(a) ishydrogen or alkyl), —O—, —S—, —S(O)—, —S(O₂)—, alkylene, cycloalkylene,aryl, heteroaryl, or heteroalkylene, EWG is an electron withdrawinggroup, and R^(c) is alkyl, haloalkoxy, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl,cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) where R^(d) and R^(e) are independentlyhydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl; and L is NHCONH, NHCO or CONH.

(c) Within the groups in embodiment (E), e.g., subparts (a) and (b), inone group of compounds Z is bond, NR^(a), O, or methylene and EWG is—CH(haloalkyl)-, —NR′—, —S(O₂)—, —S(O)—, —C(O)—, —NR′C(O)—, —NR′S(O₂)—,—PO(OR′)—,

heteroaryl, or aryl; wherein each R′ is independently hydrogen, alkyl,substituted alkyl, or cycloalkyl; ring A is heterocycloamino where thecarbonyl and sulfonyl groups are attached to —C(CN)═CHR^(c) in thedefinition of R¹ and R⁵ in compound of Formula (I); andheterocycloamino, aryl and heteroaryl are substituted with one, two orthree substituents independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy,hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, alkylthio,alkylsulfonyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl or aminosulfonyl,preferably hydrogen, alkoxy, alkyl, cyano, nitro, halo, alkylsulfonyl,haloalkyl, or haloalkoxy

Within the groups in (c), in one group of compounds EWG is aryl orheteroaryl, preferably, EWG is selected from:

wherein

each such ring is substituted with one, two or three substituentsindependently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyl, cyano,nitro, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfonyl, carboxy,alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl or aminosulfonyl. Preferably when EWG isheteroaryl wherein heteroaryl ring is six membered ring shown above,then Z is a bond, O, or NR^(a), preferably a bond;

symbol denotes point of attachment of the ring to —Z— when Z is otherthan bond and directly to the rest of the molecule when Z is a bond; and

is bond attaching the ring to —C(CN)═CHR^(c).Preferably, in another group of compounds EWG is oxazol-5-yl that isconnected at the 2-position to —C(CN)═CHR^(c)

(d) Within the groups in embodiment (E) e.g., subparts (a) and (b), inone group of compounds —Z-EWG- is selected from:

each substituted with one, two or three substituents independentlyselected from hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, halo,haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfonyl, carboxy,alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl or aminosulfonyl.

Preferably, —Z-EWG- is selected from: phenyl, 2-, 3-, or 4-pyridylsubstituted as defined above.

(i) Within the groups in embodiment (E), e.g., subparts (a), (b), (c),and/or (d) and groups contained therein, in one group of compounds whenEWG is a six membered ring, then the —C(CN)═CH(R^(c)) group is attachedto the carbon atom in the six membered ring that is preferably meta tothe carbon atom that attaches the six membered ring to —Z—.

(ii) Within the groups in embodiment (E), e.g., (a), (b), (c), and/or(d) and groups contained therein, in one group of compounds when EWG isa five membered ring, then the —C(CN)═CH(R^(c)) group is attached to theatom in the five membered ring that is preferably ortho to the atom thatattaches the five membered ring to —Z—.

(e) Within groups in (c), in one group of compounds Z is bond, NR^(a),O, or methylene and EWG is

or where ring A is heterocycloamino where the carbonyl and sulfonylgroups are attached to —C(CN)═CHR^(c) in the definition of R¹ and R⁵ incompound of Formula (I); and heterocycloamino is substituted with one ortwo substituents independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy,hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, alkylthio,alkylsulfonyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl or aminosulfonyl.Preferably, ring A is pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, or piperazinyloptionally substituted with methyl, or fluoro.

Within embodiment (e) and groups contained therein Z is a bond,methylene, or O. Preferably, —Z-EWG- is:

Preferably, —Z-EWG- is:

where the stereochemistry at *C is (R).

(f) In another group of compounds R¹ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halo,haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, or cyano. Preferably, R¹ is hydrogen, methyl,methoxy, fluoro, chloro, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, or cyano;

R⁵ is —Z-(EWG)-C(CN)═CHR^(c) where Z is bond and EWG bond, and R^(c) isalkyl, haloalkoxy, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl,cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) where R^(d) and R^(e) are independentlyhydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl; and L is NHCONH, NHCO or CONH when Ar isan electron deficient 7 system.

(g) Within groups in embodiment (E) i.e., (a) and (b), in one group ofcompounds Z is bond, or alkylene and EWG —OCO—, —SO₂—, —NR′CO— or—NR′SO₂—. Preferably, EWG is —NR′CO— or —NR′SO₂—, more preferably—NHCO—. Within groups in (g) and groups contained therein, in one groupof compounds Z is alkylene, preferably ethylene, —C(CH₃)₂—CH₂—, or—CH₂—C(CH₃)₂—, preferably methylene or —CH₂—C(CH₃)₂—.

Embodiment F

Within compounds of Formula (I) as defined above, wherein in embodiments(A), (B), (C), (D), and/or (E) and groups contained therein, and whereinin subparts (a)-(g) of Embodiment E and groups contained therein, onegroup of compounds R^(c) is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, isopropyl,cyclopropyl, trifluoromethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl,2-methyl-2-methylaminoethyl, 2-methyl-2-dimethylaminoethyl, or1-methylaminocycloprop-1-ylene, or 1-dimethylaminocycloprop-1-ylene;preferably R^(c) is cyclopropyl or tert-butyl, more preferably R^(c) iscyclopropyl.

Embodiment G

In another embodiment, within the compound of Formula (I) as definedabove wherein in embodiments (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), and/or (F), andgroups contained therein, in one group of compounds the

group is attached at the 4-position of the phenyl ring, the carbon atomof the phenyl ring attached to

being carbon 1.

Within the groups in embodiment G, in one group of compounds,

is phenyl.

(ii) Within groups in embodiment G, in another group of compounds whenR¹ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, or cyano,then, Ar is phenyl substituted at meta or para, preferably meta positionwith R⁵, and R⁶ is ortho or para to R⁵.

(iii) Within groups in embodiment G, in another group of compounds whenR¹ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, or cyano,then, Ar is heteroaryl, preferably pyridyl substituted with R⁵ at carbonadjacent to ring nitrogen in the pyridyl ring, and R⁶ is ortho or parato R⁵.

(iv) Within groups in embodiment G, in another group of compounds whenR⁵ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, or cyano,then, Ar is phenyl substituted at meta and/or para with R⁵ or R⁶ thecarbon atom of Ar attached to phenyl being position 1. Preferably, R⁵ orR⁶ is chloro or trifluoromethyl.

(v) Within groups in embodiment G, in another group of compounds when R⁵is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, or cyano, Ar isheteroaryl, preferably pyridyl or pyrimidinyl optionally substitutedwith R⁵-R⁷.

(vi) Within groups in embodiment G, in another group of compounds whenR¹ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, or cyano,then, Ar is heterocyclyl, preferably, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl,2,3-dihydroindolyl.

(vii) Within groups in embodiment G, in another group of compounds whenR⁵ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, or cyano,then, Ar is a ring of formula:

Preferably,

is a ring of formula:

Embodiment H

In yet another embodiment, the compound of Formula (I) as defined abovehas the structure (Ia) or (Ib) shown below:

wherein:

R² is hydrogen or alkyl;

R³ and R⁴ are independently hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, fluoro orchloro;

R⁶ and R⁷ are independently hydrogen or fluoro;

Z is a bond, alkylene, or alkylene-O— wherein —O— is connected to EWG;

EWG is —CO—, —NR′CO—, —NR′SO₂—,

—SO₂— or a five membered heteroaryl ring where R′ is hydrogen or alkyland ring A is 2-pyrrolidinyl or 3-piperidinyl, each ring optionallysubstituted with one or two alkyl provided that (i) when Z is a bondthen EWG is 3-piperidinylcarbonyl optionally substituted with one or twoalkyl; (ii) when Z is alkylene-O— then EWG is —CO— and (iii) when Z isalkylene, then ring A is not 3-piperidinylcarbonyl optionallysubstituted with one or two alkyl; and

R^(c) is cycloalkyl, alkyl, or substituted alkyl; provided that:

when Z is

then at least one of R², R³, R⁴ and R⁵ is hydrogen, (note: for thegroups in the definition of EWG, left side of the group is attached to Zand right side is attached to —C(CN)═R^(c) e.g., in —NR′CO—, NR′ isattached to Z and CO is attached to —C(CN)═R^(c)).

(i) Within embodiment H, in one group of compound the compound ofFormula (I) has structure (Ia).

(ii) Within embodiment H, in another group of compounds the compound ofFormula (I) has structure (Ib).

(a) Within the embodiment (H) and groups contained therein, in one groupof compounds:

is a ring of formula:

Preferably,

is a ring of formula:

(b) Within embodiment (H) and groups contained therein, and subpart (a)of Embodiment (H) and groups contained therein, in one group ofcompounds:

R² is hydrogen or alkyl, preferably hydrogen or methyl, more preferablyhydrogen;

R³ and R⁴ are independently hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl,fluoro or chloro. Preferably, within groups in (b), in one group ofcompounds

is a ring of formula:

where R³ is methyl, ethyl, chloro, fluoro or trifluoromethyl, preferablymethyl, ethyl, chloro or fluoro, more preferably, methyl, ethyl, orchloro, even more preferably chloro or fluoro, particularly preferablyfluoro. Preferably, within groups in (b), in another group of compounds

is a ring of formula

where R³ is alkyl or halo, preferably methyl, chloro or fluoro.Preferably, within groups in (b), in yet another group of compounds

is a ring of formula

preferably,

(c) Within embodiment (H) and groups contained therein, and subpart (a)and/or (b) of Embodiment (H) and groups contained therein, in one groupof compounds:

Z is a alkylene, or alkylene-O— wherein —O— is connected to EWG;

EWG is —CO—, —NR′CO—, —NR′SO₂—, or —SO₂— where R′ is hydrogen or alkyl,preferably hydrogen or methyl. Preferably, within groups in (c), in onegroup of compounds is —Z-EWG- is -(alkylene)-NR′CO—,-(alkylene)-NR′SO₂—, -(alkylene)-OCO—, or -(alkylene)-SO₂— wherein Z isethylene, —C(CH₃)₂—CH₂—, or —CH₂—C(CH₃)₂— and EWG is —NHCO—, —N(CH₃)CO—,—NHSO₂—, —N(CH₃)SO₂—, —SO₂—, or —OCO—, more preferably Z is ethylene,—C(CH₃)₂—CH₂—, or —CH₂—C(CH₃)₂— and EWG is —NHCO—, —N(CH₃)CO—, —NHSO₂—,or —N(CH₃)SO₂—, even more preferably, EWG is —NHCO—.

(d) Within embodiment (H) and groups contained therein, and subpart (a)and/or (b) of Embodiment (H) and groups contained therein, in anothergroup of compounds:

Z is a bond or alkylene; and

EWG is

ring A is pyrrolidinyl or piperidinyl, each ring optionally substitutedwith one or two alkyl, preferably methyl. Within the groups in subpart(d), in one group of compounds —Z-EWG- is 3(R)-piperidin-1-carbonyl.Within the groups in subpart (d), in another group of compounds —Z-EWG-is 2-CH₂-pyrrolidin-1-ylcarbonyl, 2-CH(CH₃)-pyrrolidin-1-ylcarbonyl;2-CH₂-3,3-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-ylcarbonyl or2-CH₂-4,4-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-ylcarbonyl the carbon atom of thepyrrolidinyl ring attached to —CH₂— having (R) stereochemistry.

(e) Within embodiment (H) and groups contained therein, and subpart (a)and/or (b) of Embodiment (H) and groups contained therein, in anothergroup of compounds:

Z is alkylene; and

EWG is a five membered heteroaryl ring, preferably Z is methylene,ethylene, —C(CH₃)₂CH₂—, —CH₂—C(CH₃)₂— and Z is oxazolyl, more preferably—Z-EWG- is 2-C(CN)═CR^(c)-oxazol-5-yl.

(f) Within embodiment (H) and groups contained therein, and subpart (a)and/or (b) and/or (c) and/or (d) and/or (e) and groups containedtherein, in one group of compounds R^(c) is cycloalkyl, alkyl, orsubstituted alkyl, preferably, isopropyl, tert-butyl or1-dimethylamino-1-methylethyl, more preferably cyclopropyl.

Embodiment I

In yet another embodiment, the compound of Formula (IA) as defined abovehas the structure (Ic) below:

wherein:

R³ and R⁴ are independently hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, fluoro orchloro;

R⁶ and R⁷ are independently hydrogen or fluoro;

Z-EWG is:

each ring optionally substituted with one or two substituents selectedfrom alkyl, fluoro, or hydroxy; and

R^(c) is cycloalkyl, alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e)or cycloalkylene(alkylene)NR^(d)R^(e) (where R^(d) and R^(e) areindependently hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl), or 3 to 6 memberedsaturated monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one or two heteroatomsselected from N, O, or S and optionally substituted with one or twosubstituents selected from hydroxy, alkyl or fluoro;

provided that at least one of R³, R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ is not hydrogen,preferably one of R³ and R⁴ is not hydrogen.

(a) Within the embodiment (I) and groups contained therein, in one groupof compounds:

is a ring of formula:

Preferably,

is a ring of formula: phenyl,

Within (a), in one group of compounds

is phenyl. Within (a), in another group of compounds

Within (a), in yet another group of compounds

(b) Within embodiment (I) and groups contained therein, and subpart (a)of Embodiment (I) and groups contained therein, in one group ofcompounds:

R³ and R⁴ are independently hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl,fluoro or chloro. Preferably, within groups in (b), in one group ofcompounds

is a ring of formula:

where R³ is methyl, ethyl, chloro, fluoro or trifluoromethyl, preferablymethyl, ethyl, chloro or fluoro, more preferably, methyl, ethyl, orchloro, even more preferably chloro or fluoro, particularly preferablyfluoro. Preferably, within groups in (b), in another group of compounds

is a ring of formula

where R³ is alkyl or halo, preferably methyl, chloro or fluoro.Preferably, within groups in (b), in yet another group of compounds

is a ring of formula

preferably,

(c) Within embodiment (I) and groups contained therein, and subpart (a)and/or (b) of Embodiment (I) and groups contained therein, in one groupof compounds:

Z-EWG is:

optionally substituted with one or two substituents selected from alkyl,fluoro, or hydroxy. Within the groups in subpart (c), in one group ofcompounds —Z-EWG- is

where the stereochemistry at *C is (R).

(d) Within embodiment (I) and groups contained therein, and subpart (a)and/or (b) of Embodiment (I) and groups contained therein, in one groupof compounds:

Z-EWG is:

Within the groups in subpart (d), in one group of compounds

—Z-EWG- is

preferably

where the stereochemistry at *C is (RS), (R) or (S); preferably (R).More preferably (S).

(e) Within embodiment (I) and groups contained therein, and subpart (a)and/or (b) and/or (c) and/or (d) and groups contained therein, in onegroup of compounds R^(c) is cycloalkyl, preferably cyclopropyl.

(f) Within embodiment (I) and groups contained therein, and subpart (a)and/or (b) and/or (c) and/or (d) and groups contained therein, in onegroup of compounds R^(c) is alkyl, preferably isopropyl or tert-butyl,more preferably isopropyl.

(g) Within embodiment (I) and groups contained therein, and subpart (a)and/or (b) and/or (c) and/or (d) and groups contained therein, in onegroup of compounds R^(c) is substituted alkyl, preferably, alkylsubstituted with alkoxy or NRR′ (where R is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxyalkylor cycloalkyl and R′ is hydrogen or alkyl), or heterocyclcyl which isoptionally substituted with one or two groups independently selectedfrom alkyl, preferably R^(c) is —C(CH₃)₂NH₂, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH₃,—C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH₂CH₃, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH(CH₃)₂,—C(CH₃)₂NHcyclopropyl, —C(CH₃)₂NH(CH₂)₂OCH₃, —C(CH₃)₂OCH₂CH₃,—C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl. Within groups in (g), in one group of compoundsR^(c) is —C(CH₃)₂NH₂, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH₃, —C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH₂CH₃,—C(CH₃)₂NHCH(CH₃)₂ or —C(CH₃)₂NH(CH₂)₂OCH₃. Within groups in (g), inanother group of compounds R^(c) is —C(CH₃)₂NHcyclopropyl. Within groupsin (g), in yet another group of compounds R^(c) is —C(CH₃)₂OCH₂CH₃.Within groups in (g), in yet another group of compounds R^(c) is—C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl. Within groups in (g), in yet another group ofcompounds R^(c) is —C(CH₃)₂NH₂.

(h) Within embodiment (I) and groups contained therein, and subpart (a)and/or (b) and/or (c) and/or (d) and groups contained therein, in onegroup of compounds R^(c) is cycloalkylene(alkylene)NR^(d)R^(e) (whereR^(d) and R^(e) are independently hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl),preferably

where n is 1-3, R^(d) is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, and R^(e) ishydrogen, methyl, ethyl, or isopropyl.

(i) Within embodiment (I) and groups contained therein, and subpart (a)and/or (b) and/or (c) and/or (d) and groups contained therein, in onegroup of compounds R^(c) is cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) (where R^(d) andR^(e) are independently hydrogen, or alkyl), preferably

where R^(e) is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or isopropyl.

(j) Within embodiment (I) and groups contained therein, and subpart (a)and/or (b) and/or (c) and/or (d) and groups contained therein, in onegroup of compounds R^(e) is 3 to 6 membered saturated monocyclicheterocyclyl containing one or two heteroatoms selected from N, O, or Sand optionally substituted with one or two substituents selected fromhydroxy, alkyl or fluoro; preferably pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl,tetrahydrofuranyl, or tetrahydropyranyl, more preferably 2-pyrrolidinyl,3- or 4-piperidinyl, 1-methylpiperidin-4-yl, 1-methylpiperidin-3-yl, or4-tetrahydropyranyl.

Embodiment (J)

In further embodiments 1-100 below, the present disclosure includes:

1. A compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable saltthereof:

wherein:

dashed line is an optional double bond;

Z¹, Z², and Z³ are —N— or CH, provide that at least one and not morethan two of Z¹, Z², and Z³ are simultaneously N;

L is O, CO, CH₂, S, SO, SO₂, NR, NRCO, CONR, NR′SO₂, SO₂NR′, or NRCONR,where (each R and R′ is independently hydrogen or alkyl);

Ar is aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl;

one of R¹ and R⁵ is hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl,or haloalkoxy and the other is —Z-(EWG)-C(CN)═CHR where Z is bond,NR^(a) (where R^(a) is hydrogen or alkyl), —O—, S, SO, SO₂, alkylene,cycloalkylene, heteroalkylene, —(Z^(a))_(n1)-aryl, or—(Z^(a))_(n1)-heteroaryl (wherein n1 is 0 or 1, Z^(a) is NR^(a) (whereR^(a) is hydrogen or alkyl), —O—, S, SO, SO₂, alkylene, orheteroalkylene and aryl or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with oneor two substituents independently selected from halo, alkyl, alkoxy,alkylthio, haloalkyl, or haloalkoxy), EWG is a bond or an electronwithdrawing group, and R^(c) is alkyl, haloalkoxy, substituted alkyl,cycloalkyl, cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) where R^(d) and R^(e) areindependently hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl;

R² is hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, cyano, halo or haloalkyl;

R³ and R⁴ are independently hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, cyano,halo, haloalkyl or haloalkoxy; and

R⁶ and R⁷ are independently hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, halo,haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, cyano, —CONH₂, amino,monosubstituted and disubstituted amino;

provided that: (a)

where (i) when R^(c) is cyclopropyl, tert-butyl, —C(CH₃)₂CH₂OH,—C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂, cyclopentyl, isopropyl, —C(CH₃)₂OCH₂CH₃, orazetidin-3-yl, then —Z-EWG- is not

where Z is a bond or methylene; (ii) when R^(c) is cyclopropyl then—Z-EWG- is not

where Z is bond or methylene, and (iii) when R^(c) is cyclopropyl and Zis cyclohexyl, then EWG is not —NHCO— where NH is bonded to cyclohexyl,and (b) the compound of Formula (IA) is not2-(3-(4-amino-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.2. The compound or salt of previous embodiment 1 wherein:

is:

Preferably,

Preferably,

Preferably,

Preferably,

3. The compound or salt of previous embodiment 1 or 2 wherein L is O, S,SO, SO₂, NR or NHCONH; preferably O, S, NH, or N(methyl), or NHCONH;4. The compound or salt of previous embodiment 1 or 2 wherein L is O orNHCONH.5. The compound or salt of previous embodiment 1 or 2 wherein L is O.6. The compound or salt of previous embodiment 1 or 2 wherein L isNHCONH, NHCO, or CONH, preferably NHCONH.7. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 1-6 whereinR² is hydrogen, methyl, fluoro, or trifluoromethyl, preferably hydrogen.8. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 1-7 whereinR³ and R⁴ are independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, cyano, halo,haloalkyl or haloalkoxy; preferably R³ and R⁴ are independentlyhydrogen, methyl, fluoro, methoxy, chloro, trifluoromethyl, ortrifluoromethoxy. Preferably, R³ and R⁴ are independently hydrogen orfluoro.9. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 1-8 whereinR⁶ and R⁷ are independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl,haloalkoxy, or cyano. Preferably, R⁶ and R⁷ are independently hydrogen,methyl, methoxy, fluoro, chloro, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, orcyano.10. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 1-9 wherein:

R⁵ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, or cyano.Preferably, R⁵ is hydrogen, methyl, methoxy, fluoro, chloro,trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, or cyano;

R¹ is —Z-(EWG)-C(CN)═CHR^(c) where Z is bond, NR^(a) (where R^(a) ishydrogen or alkyl), —O—, S, SO, SO₂, alkylene, cycloalkylene,heteroalkylene, aryl or heteroaryl,

EWG is an electron withdrawing group, and R^(c) is alkyl, haloalkoxy,substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) where R^(d) andR^(e) are independently hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl;

and L is O.

11. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 1-9 wherein:

R¹ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, or cyano.Preferably, R¹ is hydrogen, methyl, methoxy, fluoro, chloro,trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, or cyano;

R⁵ is —Z-(EWG)-C(CN)═CHR^(c) where Z is bond, NR^(a) (where R^(a) ishydrogen or alkyl), —O—, S, SO, SO₂, alkylene, cycloalkylene, aryl,heteroaryl, or heteroalkylene,

EWG is an electron withdrawing group, and R^(c) is alkyl, haloalkoxy,substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) where R^(d) andR^(e) are independently hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl;

and L is NHCONH, NHCO or CONH.

12. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 1-11 whereinZ is bond, NR^(a), O, or methylene and EWG is —CH(haloalkyl)-, —NR′—,—S(O₂), —S(O), —CO—, —NR′CO—, —NR′SO₂—, —PO(OR′)—,

heteroaryl, or aryl; wherein each R′ is independently hydrogen, alkyl,substituted alkyl, or cycloalkyl; ring A is heterocycloamino where thecarbonyl and sulfonyl groups are attached to —C(CN)═CHR^(c) in thedefinition of R¹ and R⁵ in compound of Formula (I); andheterocycloamino, aryl and heteroaryl are substituted with one, two orthree substituents independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy,hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, alkylthio,alkylsulfonyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl or aminosulfonyl,preferably hydrogen, alkoxy, alkyl, cyano, nitro, halo, alkylsulfonyl,haloalkyl, or haloalkoxy13. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 1-12 whereinEWG is aryl or heteroaryl, preferably, EWG is selected from:

each substituted with one, two or three substituents independentlyselected from hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, halo,haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfonyl, carboxy,alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl or aminosulfonyl. Preferably when EWG isheteroaryl wherein heteroaryl ring is six membered ring shown above,then Z is a bond, O, or NR^(a), preferably a bond.

symbol denotes point of attachment of the ring to —Z— when Z is otherthan bond and directly to the rest of the molecule when Z is a bond and

is bond attaching the ring to —CH═C(R^(b))(EWG).14. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 1-12 wherein—Z-EWG- is selected from:

each substituted with one, two or three substituents independentlyselected from hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, halo,haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfonyl, carboxy,alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl or aminosulfonyl.

Preferably, —Z-EWG- is selected from: phenyl, 2-, 3-, or 4-pyridylsubstituted as above.

15. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 1-12 whereinZ is bond, NR^(a), O, or methylene and EWG is

where ring A is heterocycloamino where the carbonyl and sulfonyl groupsare attached to —C(CN)═CHR^(c) in the definition of R¹ and R⁵ incompound of Formula (I); and heterocycloamino is substituted with one ortwo substituents independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy,hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, alkylthio,alkylsulfonyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl or aminosulfonyl.Preferably, ring A is pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, or piperazinyloptionally substituted with methyl, or fluoro. Preferably, Z is a bond,methylene, or O. Preferably, —Z-EWG- is:

16. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 1-8 and 11wherein R¹ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, orcyano. Preferably, R¹ is hydrogen, methyl, methoxy, fluoro, chloro,trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, or cyano;

R⁵ is —Z-(EWG)-C(CN)═CHR^(c) where Z is bond and EWG bond, and R^(c) isalkyl, haloalkoxy, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl,cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) where R^(d) and R^(e) are independentlyhydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl;

and L is NHCONH, NHCO or CONH; and

when Ar is an electron deficient π system.

17. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 1-12 whereinZ is bond, or alkylene and EWG —NR′CO—, —NR′SO₂—. Preferably, EWG is—NHCO—.

18. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 1-17 whereinR^(c) is tert-butyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, trifluoromethyl,2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 2-methyl-2-methylaminoethyl,2-methyl-2-dimethylaminoethyl, or 1-methylaminocycloprop-1-ylene, or1-dimethylaminocycloprop-1-ylene.19. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 1-18 whereinthe

group is attached at the 4-position of the phenyl ring, the carbon atomof the phenyl ring attached to

being carbon 1.20. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 1-19 wherein

is phenyl.21. The compound or salt of the previous embodiment 20 wherein when R¹is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, or cyano, thenthe phenyl ring is substituted at meta or para, preferably meta positionwith R⁵, and R⁶ is ortho or para to R⁵.22. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 1-19 whereinR¹ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, or cyano, Aris heteroaryl, preferably pyridyl substituted with R⁵ at carbon adjacentto ring nitrogen in the pyridyl ring.23. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 1-19 whereinR⁵ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, or cyano,preferably, Ar is phenyl substituted at meta and/or para with R⁵ or R⁶which are preferably chloro or trifluoromethyl, the carbon atom of Arattached to phenyl being position 1.24. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 1-19 whereinR⁵ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, or cyano, Aris heteroaryl, preferably pyridyl or pyrimidinyl optionally substitutedwith R⁵-R⁷.25. The compound or salt of the previous embodiment 1 wherein thecompound of Formula (I) has the structure:

wherein:

R² is hydrogen or alkyl;

R³ and R⁴ are independently hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, fluoro orchloro;

R⁶ and R⁷ are independently hydrogen or fluoro;

Z is a bond, alkylene, or alkylene-O— wherein —O— is connected to EWG;

EWG is —CO—, —NR′CO—, —NR′SO₂—,

—SO₂— or a five membered heteroaryl ring where R′ is hydrogen or alkyland ring A is 2-pyrrolidinyl or 3-piperidinyl, each ring optionallysubstituted with one or two alkyl provided that that (i) when Z is abond then EWG is 3-piperidinylcarbonyl optionally substituted with oneor two alkyl; (ii) when Z is alkylene-O— then EWG is —CO— and (iii) whenZ is alkylene, then ring A is not 3-piperidinylcarbonyl optionallysubstituted with one or two alkyl; and

R^(c) is cycloalkyl, alkyl, or substituted alkyl; provided that:

when Z is

then at least one of R², R³, R⁴ and R⁵ is hydrogen.26. The compound or salt of the previous embodiment 25 wherein thecompound of Formula (I) has structure (Ia).27. The compound of the previous embodiment 25 wherein the compound ofFormula (I) has structure (Ib).28. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 25-27wherein:

is a ring of formula:

29. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 25-27wherein:

is a ring of formula:

30. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 25, 27, 28and 29 wherein R² is hydrogen or alkyl, preferably hydrogen or methyl,more preferably hydrogen; and

R³ and R⁴ are independently hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl,fluoro or chloro.

31. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 25, 27, 28and 29 wherein R² is hydrogen or alkyl, preferably hydrogen or methyl,more preferably hydrogen; and

is a ring of formula:

where R³ is methyl, ethyl, chloro, fluoro or trifluoromethyl, preferablymethyl, ethyl, chloro or fluoro, more preferably, methyl, ethyl, orchloro, even more preferably chloro or fluoro, particularly preferablyfluoro.32. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 25, 27, 28and 29 wherein R² is hydrogen or alkyl, preferably hydrogen or methyl,more preferably hydrogen; and

is a ring of formula

where R³ is alkyl or halo, preferably methyl, chloro or fluoro.32. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 25, 27, 28and 29 wherein R² is hydrogen or alkyl, preferably hydrogen or methyl,more preferably hydrogen; and

is a ring of formula

preferably,

33. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 25-32wherein:

Z is a alkylene, or alkylene-O— wherein —O— is connected to EWG;

EWG is —CO—, —NR′CO—, —NR′SO₂—, or —SO₂— where R′ is hydrogen or alkyl,preferably hydrogen or methyl.

34. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 25-32wherein —Z-EWG- is -(alkylene)-NR′CO—, -(alkylene)-NR′SO₂—,-(alkylene)-OCO—, or -(alkylene)-SO₂ wherein Z is ethylene,—C(CH₃)₂—CH₂—, or —CH₂—C(CH₃)₂— and EWG is —NHCO—, —N(CH₃)CO—, —NHSO₂—,—N(CH₃)SO₂—, —SO₂—, or —OCO—.34. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 25-32wherein Z is ethylene, —C(CH₃)₂—CH₂—, or —CH₂—C(CH₃)₂— and EWG is—NHCO—, —N(CH₃)CO—, —NHSO₂—, or —N(CH₃)SO₂—, even more preferably, EWGis —NHCO—.35. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 25-32wherein Z is a bond or alkylene; and

EWG is

where ring A is pyrrolidinyl or piperidinyl optionally substituted withone or two alkyl, preferably methyl.36. The compound or salt of the previous embodiment 35 wherein —Z-EWG-is 2(R)-piperidin-1-carbonyl.37. The compound or salt of the previous embodiment 35 wherein —Z-EWG-is 2-CH₂-pyrrolidin-1-ylcarbonyl, 2-CH(CH₃)-pyrrolidin-1-ylcarbonyl;2-CH₂-3,3-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-ylcarbonyl or2-CH₂-4,4-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-ylcarbonyl, preferably2-CH₂-pyrrolidin-1-ylcarbonyl, the C-2 carbon of the pyrrolidin-1-ylring substituted with CH₂ having R stereochemistry.38. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 25-32wherein Z is alkylene; and EWG is a five membered heteroaryl ring,preferably Z is methylene, ethylene, —C(CH₃)₂ CH₂—, or —CH₂—C(CH₃)₂— andZ is oxazolyl, more preferably —Z-EWG- is 2-C(CN)═CR^(c)-oxazol-5-yl.39. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 25-38wherein R^(c) is cycloalkyl, alkyl, or substituted alkyl, preferably,R^(c) is isopropyl, tert-butyl or 1-dimethylamino-1-methylethyl, morepreferably R^(c) is cyclopropyl.40. A compound of Formula (Ic) or a pharmaceutically acceptable saltthereof:

wherein:

R³ and R⁴ are independently hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, fluoro orchloro;

R⁶ and R⁷ are independently hydrogen or fluoro;

Z-EWG is:

each ring optionally substituted with one or two substituents selectedfrom alkyl, fluoro, or hydroxy; and

R^(c) is cycloalkyl, alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e)or cycloalkylene(alkylene)NR^(d)R^(e) (where R^(d) and R^(e) areindependently hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl), or 3 to 6 memberedsaturated monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one or two heteroatomsselected from N, O, or S and optionally substituted with one or twosubstituents selected from hydroxy, alkyl or fluoro;

provided that at least one of R³, R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ is not hydrogen,preferably one of R³ and R⁴ is not hydrogen.

41. The compound or salt of the previous embodiment 40 wherein:

is a ring of formula:

42. The compound or salt of the previous embodiment 40 wherein:

is a ring of formula: phenyl,

43. The compound or salt of the previous embodiment 40 wherein:

is phenyl.44. The compound or salt of the previous embodiment 40 wherein:

45. The compound of any of the embodiments 40-44 wherein:

R³ and R⁴ are independently hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl,fluoro or chloro.

46. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 40-44wherein:

is a ring of formula:

where R³ is fluoro.47. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 40-46wherein:

Z-EWG is:

optionally substituted with one or two substituents selected from alkyl,fluoro, or hydroxy. Preferably, —Z-EWG- is

where the stereochemistry at *C is (R). Preferably, —Z-EWG- is

where the stereochemistry at *C is (S).48. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 40-46wherein:

Z-EWG is:

Preferably, —Z-EWG- is

preferably

where the stereochemistry at *C is (RS), (R) or (S), more preferably(R).49. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 40-46wherein:

Z-EWG is:

Preferably, —Z-EWG- is

preferably

where the stereochemistry at *C is (S).50. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 40-49wherein R^(c) is cycloalkyl, preferably cyclopropyl.51. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 40-49wherein R^(c) is alkyl, preferably isopropyl or tert-butyl, morepreferably isopropyl.52. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 40-49wherein R^(c) is substituted alkyl, preferably, alkyl substituted withalkoxy or NRR′ (where R is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxyalkyl or cycloalkyland R′ is hydrogen or alkyl), or heterocyclcyl which is optionallysubstituted with one or two groups independently selected from alkyl),more preferably R^(c) is —C(CH₃)₂NH₂, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH₃, —C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂,—C(CH₃)₂NHCH₂CH₃, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH(CH₃)₂, —C(CH₃)₂NHcyclopropyl,—C(CH₃)₂NH(CH₂)₂OCH₃, —C(CH₃)₂OCH₂CH₃, —C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl, evenmore preferably —C(CH₃)₂NH₂.53. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 40-49wherein R^(c) is cycloalkylene(alkylene)-NR^(d)R^(e) (where R^(d) andR^(e) are independently hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl), preferably

where n is 1-3, R^(d) is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, and R^(e) ishydrogen, methyl, ethyl, or isopropyl.54. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 40-49wherein R^(c) is cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) (where R^(d) and R^(e) areindependently hydrogen, or alkyl), preferably

where R^(e) is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or isopropyl.55. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 40-49wherein R^(c) is 3 to 6 membered saturated monocyclic heterocyclylcontaining one or two heteroatoms selected from N, O, or S andoptionally substituted with one or two substituents selected fromhydroxy, alkyl or fluoro; preferably pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl,tetrahydrofuranyl, or tetrahydropyranyl, more preferably 2-pyrrolidinyl,3- or 4-piperidinyl, 1-methylpiperidin-4-yl, 1-methylpiperidin-3-yl, or4-tetrahydropyranyl.56. A compound of Formula (Id) or a pharmaceutically acceptable saltthereof:

wherein:

Z² is —N— or CR² where R² is hydrogen or alkyl;

R³ and R⁴ are independently hydrogen, methyl, chloro, fluoro,cyclopropyl, hydroxy, methoxy, cyano, trifluoromethyl ortrifluoromethoxy;

R⁶ and R⁷ are independently hydrogen, methyl, methoxy, fluoro, chloro,trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, or cyano;

—Z-EWG- is -(alkylene)-NR′CO—, -(alkylene)-NR′SO₂—,

each ring optionally substituted with one or two substituentsindependently selected from alkyl, hydroxy, or halo, (preferably alkylor halo), and the carbonyl and sulfonyl group in -(alkylene)-NR′CO—,-(alkylene)-NR′SO₂—,

is attached to —C(CN)═CHR; and each R′ is independently hydrogen oralkyl; and

R^(c) is alkyl, haloalkoxy, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl,cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) or cycloalkylene(alkylene)NR^(d)R^(e) (whereR^(d) and R^(e) are independently hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl), or 3to 6 membered saturated monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one or twoheteroatoms selected from N, O, or S and optionally substituted with oneor two substituents selected from hydroxy, alkyl or fluoro; providedthat: (a) when

is:

then (i) when R^(c) is cyclopropyl, tert-butyl, —C(CH₃)₂CH₂OH,—C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂, cyclopentyl, isopropyl,—C(CH₃)₂OCH₂CH₃, or azetidin-3-yl, then —Z-EWG- is not

and (ii) when R^(c) is cyclopropyl then —Z-EWG- is not

where the stereochemistry at *C is (R); (b) when

is:

where R^(c) is cyclopropyl or tert-butyl, then —Z-EWG- is not

or (c) the compound of Formula (I) is not2-(3-(4-amino-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.57. The compound or salt of the previous embodiment 56 wherein:

R^(c) is alkyl, haloalkoxy, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl,cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) where R^(d) and R^(e) are independentlyhydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl or 3 to 6 membered saturated monocyclicheterocyclyl containing one or two heteroatoms selected from N, O, or Sand optionally substituted with one or two substituents selected fromhydroxy, alkyl or fluoro; and

is:

58. The compound or salt of the previous embodiment 56 wherein R^(c) isalkyl, haloalkoxy, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl,cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) where R^(d) and R^(e) are independentlyhydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl or 3 to 6 membered saturated monocyclicheterocyclyl containing one or two heteroatoms selected from N, O, or Sand optionally substituted with one or two substituents selected fromhydroxy, alkyl or fluoro; and

is

59. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 56-58wherein:

is a ring of formula:

60. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 56-58wherein:

is a ring of formula

where R³ is methyl, ethyl, chloro, fluoro, cyclopropyl, hydroxy,methoxy, trifluoromethyl or trifluoromethoxy.61. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 56-58wherein:

is a ring of formula

62. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 56-58wherein:

is a ring of formula:

is a ring of formula:

63. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 56-58wherein:

is a ring of formula

where R³ is methyl, ethyl, chloro, fluoro, cyclopropyl, hydroxy,methoxy, trifluoromethyl or trifluoromethoxy; and

is a ring of formula:

64. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 56-58wherein:

is a ring of formula

is a ring of formula:

65. The compound or salt of the previous embodiment 62 wherein:

is a ring of formula:

66. The compound or salt of the previous embodiment 63 wherein:

is a ring of formula: phenyl or

67. The compound or salt of the previous embodiment 64 wherein:

is a ring of formula: phenyl or

68. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 56-60 and 62wherein:

—Z-EWG- is

optionally substituted with one or two substituents independentlyselected from alkyl, hydroxy, or halo (preferably alkyl or halo, morepreferably is unsubstituted); and

R^(c) is alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) (where R^(d) andR^(e) are independently hydrogen or alkyl), alkyl substituted withhydroxy, alkoxy, —NRR′ (where R is alkyl, cycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, oralkoxyalkyl and R′ is alkyl) or heterocycloamino which is optionallysubstituted with one or two groups independently selected from alkyl orhydroxyl, or 3 to 6 membered saturated monocyclic heterocyclylcontaining one or two heteroatoms selected from N, O, or S andoptionally substituted with one or two substituents selected fromhydroxy, alkyl or fluoro. Preferably, R^(c) is alkyl substituted withheterocycloamino which is optionally substituted with one or two groupsindependently selected from alkyl or hydroxyl.

69. The compound or salt of the previous embodiment 68 wherein R^(c) isisopropyl, tert-butyl, —C(CH₃)₂OCH₂CH₃, —C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂,—C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl, cyclopropyl, 2-pyrrolidinyl, 3- or4-piperidinyl, 1-methylpiperidin-4-yl, 1-methylpiperidin-3-yl, or4-tetrahydropyranyl. Preferably, R^(c) is —C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl,2-pyrrolidinyl, 3- or 4-piperidinyl, 1-methylpiperidin-4-yl,1-methylpiperidin-3-yl, or 4-tetrahydropyranyl.70. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 63, 65 and66 wherein:

—Z-EWG- is

optionally substituted with one or two substituents independentlyselected from alkyl, hydroxy, or halo (preferably alkyl or halo, morepreferably is unsubstituted); and

R^(c) is alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) (where R^(d) andR^(e) are independently hydrogen or alkyl), alkyl substituted withhydroxy, alkoxy, —NRR′ (where R is alkyl, cycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, oralkoxyalkyl and R′ is alkyl) or heterocycloamino which is optionallysubstituted with one or two groups independently selected from alkyl orhydroxyl, or 3 to 6 membered saturated monocyclic heterocyclylcontaining one or two heteroatoms selected from N, O, or S andoptionally substituted with one or two substituents selected fromhydroxy, alkyl or fluoro.

71. The compound or salt of the previous embodiment 70 wherein R^(c) isisopropyl, tert-butyl, —C(CH₃)₂OCH₂CH₃, —C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂,—C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl, cyclopropyl, 2-pyrrolidinyl, 3- or4-piperidinyl, 1-methylpiperidin-4-yl, 1-methylpiperidin-3-yl, or4-tetrahydropyranyl. Preferably, R^(c) is —C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl,2-pyrrolidinyl, 3- or 4-piperidinyl, 1-methylpiperidin-4-yl,1-methylpiperidin-3-yl, or 4-tetrahydropyranyl.72. The compound or salt of the previous embodiment 69 and 71 whereR^(c) is isopropyl, tert-butyl, —C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl, cyclopropyl,2-pyrrolidinyl, 3- or 4-piperidinyl, 1-methylpiperidin-4-yl,1-methylpiperidin-3-yl, or 4-tetrahydropyranyl. Preferably, R^(c) is—C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl, 2-pyrrolidinyl, 3- or 4-piperidinyl,1-methylpiperidin-4-yl, 1-methylpiperidin-3-yl, or 4-tetrahydropyranyl.73. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 61, 64 and67 wherein:

—Z-EWG- is

optionally substituted with one or two substituents independentlyselected from alkyl, hydroxy, or halo (preferably alkyl or halo, morepreferably is unsubstituted); and

R^(c) is alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) (where R^(d) andR^(e) are independently hydrogen or alkyl), alkyl substituted withhydroxy, alkoxy, —NRR′ (where each R is alkyl, cycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl,or alkoxyalkyl and R′ is alkyl) or heterocycloamino which is optionallysubstituted with one or two groups independently selected from alkyl orhydroxyl, or 3 to 6 membered saturated monocyclic heterocyclylcontaining one or two heteroatoms selected from N, O, or S andoptionally substituted with one or two substituents selected fromhydroxy, alkyl or fluoro.

74. The compound or salt of the previous embodiment 73 wherein R^(c) isisopropyl, tert-butyl, —C(CH₃)₂OCH₂CH₃, —C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂,—C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl, cyclopropyl, 2-pyrrolidinyl, 3- or4-piperidinyl, 1-methylpiperidin-4-yl, 1-methylpiperidin-3-yl, or4-tetrahydropyranyl. Preferably, R^(c) is —C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl,2-pyrrolidinyl, 3- or 4-piperidinyl, 1-methylpiperidin-4-yl,1-methylpiperidin-3-yl, or 4-tetrahydropyranyl.75. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 60 and 62wherein:

—Z-EWG- is

optionally substituted with one or two substituents independentlyselected from alkyl, hydroxy, or halo (preferably alkyl or halo, morepreferably is unsubstituted); and

R^(c) is alkyl substituted with —NRR′ (where each R is hydrogen, alkyl,cycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, or alkoxyalkyl and R′ is hydrogen) orheterocycloamino which is attached to alkyl via nitrogen ring atom andwhich is optionally substituted with one or two groups independentlyselected from alkyl or hydroxyl.

76. The compound or salt of the previous embodiment 75 wherein R^(c) is—C(CH₃)₂NH₂, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH₃, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH₂CH₃, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH(CH₃)₂,—C(CH₃)₂NHcyclopropyl, —C(CH₃)₂NH(CH₂)₂OCH₃, or —C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl.

77. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 63, 65 and66 wherein:

—Z-EWG- is

optionally substituted with one or two substituents independentlyselected from alkyl, hydroxy, or halo (preferably alkyl or halo, morepreferably is unsubstituted); and

R^(c) is alkyl substituted with —NRR′ (where each R is hydrogen, alkyl,cycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, or alkoxyalkyl and R′ is hydrogen) orheterocycloamino which is attached to alkyl via nitrogen ring atom whichis optionally substituted with one or two groups independently selectedfrom alkyl or hydroxyl.

78. The compound or salt of the previous embodiment 77 wherein R^(c) is—C(CH₃)₂NH₂, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH₃, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH₂CH₃, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH(CH₃)₂,—C(CH₃)₂NHcyclopropyl, —C(CH₃)₂NH(CH₂)₂OCH₃, or —C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl.

79. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 61, 64 and67 wherein:

—Z-EWG- is

optionally substituted with one or two substituents independentlyselected from alkyl, hydroxy, or halo (preferably alkyl or halo, morepreferably is unsubstituted); and

R^(c) is alkyl substituted with —NRR′ (where each R is hydrogen, alkyl,cycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, or alkoxyalkyl and R′ is hydrogen) orheterocycloamino which is attached to alkyl via nitrogen ring atom andis optionally substituted with one or two groups independently selectedfrom alkyl or hydroxyl; and

the stereochemistry at *C is (R).

80. The compound or salt of the previous embodiment 79 wherein R^(c) is—C(CH₃)₂NH₂, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH₃, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH₂CH₃, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH(CH₃)₂,—C(CH₃)₂NHcyclopropyl, —C(CH₃)₂NH(CH₂)₂OCH₃, or —C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl.

81. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiment 76, 78, or 80wherein R^(c) is —C(CH₃)₂NH₂ or —C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl.

82. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 56-60 and 62wherein:

—Z-EWG- is which is

optionally substituted with one or two substituents independentlyselected from alkyl, hydroxy, or halo (preferably alkyl or halo, morepreferably is unsubstituted);

R^(c) is alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) (where R^(d) andR^(e) are independently hydrogen or alkyl), alkyl substituted withhydroxy, alkoxy, —NRR′ (where each R is alkyl, cycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl,or alkoxyalkyl and R′ is hydrogen or alkyl) or heterocycloamino which isoptionally substituted with one or two groups independently selectedfrom alkyl or hydroxyl, or 3 to 6 membered saturated monocyclicheterocyclyl containing one or two heteroatoms selected from N, O, or Sand optionally substituted with one or two substituents selected fromhydroxy, alkyl or fluoro.

83. The compound of any of the previous embodiments 63, 65 and 70wherein:

—Z-EWG- is —Z-EWG- is

which is optionally substituted with one or two substituentsindependently selected from alkyl, hydroxy, or halo (preferably alkyl orhalo, more preferably is unsubstituted);

R^(c) is alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) (where R^(d) andR^(e) are independently hydrogen or alkyl), alkyl substituted withhydroxy, alkoxy, —NRR′ (where each R is alkyl, cycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl,or alkoxyalkyl and R′ is hydrogen or alkyl) or heterocycloamino which isoptionally substituted with one or two groups independently selectedfrom alkyl or hydroxyl, or 3 to 6 membered saturated monocyclicheterocyclyl containing one or two heteroatoms selected from N, O, or Sand optionally substituted with one or two substituents selected fromhydroxy, alkyl or fluoro.

84. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 61, 64 and67 wherein:

—Z-EWG- is —Z-EWG- is

which is optionally substituted with one or two substituentsindependently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxy, or halo(preferably alkyl or halo, more preferably is unsubstituted);

R^(c) is alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) (where R^(d) andR^(e) are independently hydrogen or alkyl), alkyl substituted withhydroxy, alkoxy, —NRR′ (where each R is alkyl, cycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl,or alkoxyalkyl and R′ is hydrogen or alkyl) or heterocycloamino which isoptionally substituted with one or two groups independently selectedfrom alkyl or hydroxyl, or 3 to 6 membered saturated monocyclicheterocyclyl containing one or two heteroatoms selected from N, O, or Sand optionally substituted with one or two substituents selected fromhydroxy, alkyl or fluoro.

85. The compound or salt of the previous embodiment 83 wherein R^(c) isisopropyl, tert-butyl, —C(CH₃)₂NH₂, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH₃, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH₂CH₃,—C(CH₃)₂NHCH(CH₃)₂, —C(CH₃)₂NHcyclopropyl, —C(CH₃)₂NH(CH₂)₂OCH₃,—C(CH₃)₂OCH₂CH₃, —C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂, —C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl, cyclopropyl,2-pyrrolidinyl, 3- or 4-piperidinyl, 1-methylpiperidin-4-yl,1-methylpiperidin-3-yl, or 4-tetrahydropyranyl. Preferably, R^(c) isisopropyl or —C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl.86. The compound or salt of the previous embodiment 84 wherein R^(c) isisopropyl, tert-butyl, —C(CH₃)₂NH₂, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH₃, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH₂CH₃,—C(CH₃)₂NHCH(CH₃)₂, —C(CH₃)₂NHcyclopropyl, —C(CH₃)₂NH(CH₂)₂OCH₃,—C(CH₃)₂OCH₂CH₃, —C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂, —C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl, cyclopropyl,2-pyrrolidinyl, 3- or 4-piperidinyl, 1-methylpiperidin-4-yl,1-methylpiperidin-3-yl, or 4-tetrahydropyranyl. Preferably, R^(c) isisopropyl or —C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl.87. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 56-60 and 62wherein: —Z-EWG- is —CH₂*CH(CH₃)NHCO— where the stereochemistry at *C is(S), RS or (R); and

R^(c) is alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) (where R^(d) andR^(e) are independently hydrogen or alkyl), alkyl substituted withhydroxy, alkoxy, —NRR′ (where R is alkyl, cycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, oralkoxyalkyl and R′ is alkyl) or heterocycloamino which is optionallysubstituted with one or two groups independently selected from alkyl orhydroxyl, or 3 to 6 membered saturated monocyclic heterocyclylcontaining one or two heteroatoms selected from N, O, or S andoptionally substituted with one or two substituents selected fromhydroxy, alkyl or fluoro.

88. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 63, 65 and66 wherein:

—Z-EWG- is —CH₂*CH(CH₃)NHCO— where the stereochemistry at *C is (S), RSor (R); and

R^(c) is alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) (where R^(d) andR^(e) are independently hydrogen or alkyl), alkyl substituted withhydroxy, alkoxy, —NRR′ (where R is alkyl, cycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, oralkoxyalkyl and R′ is alkyl) or heterocycloamino which is optionallysubstituted with one or two groups independently selected from alkyl orhydroxyl, or 3 to 6 membered saturated monocyclic heterocyclylcontaining one or two heteroatoms selected from N, O, or S andoptionally substituted with one or two substituents selected fromhydroxy, alkyl or fluoro.

89. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 61, 64 and67 wherein:

—Z-EWG- is —CH₂*CH(CH₃)NHCO— where the stereochemistry at *C is (S), RSor (R); and

R^(c) is alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyleneNR^(d)R^(e) (where R^(d) andR^(e) are independently hydrogen or alkyl), alkyl substituted withhydroxy, alkoxy, —NRR′ (where each R is alkyl, cycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl,or alkoxyalkyl and R′ is alkyl) or heterocycloamino which is optionallysubstituted with one or two groups independently selected from alkyl orhydroxyl, or 3 to 6 membered saturated monocyclic heterocyclylcontaining one or two heteroatoms selected from N, O, or S andoptionally substituted with one or two substituents selected fromhydroxy, alkyl or fluoro.

90. The compound or salt of any of the previous embodiments 87-89wherein R^(c) is isopropyl, tert-butyl, —C(CH₃)₂OCH₂CH₃,—C(CH₃)₂N(CH₃)₂, cyclopropyl, 2-pyrrolidinyl, 3- or 4-piperidinyl,1-methylpiperidin-4-yl, 1-methylpiperidin-3-yl, or 4-tetrahydropyranyl,—C(CH₃)₂NH₂, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH₃, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH₂CH₃, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH(CH₃)₂,—C(CH₃)₂NHcyclopropyl, —C(CH₃)₂NH(CH₂)₂OCH₃, or —C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl.91. The compound or salt of the previous embodiment 90 wherein:

R^(c) is isopropyl, tert-butyl, cyclopropyl, —C(CH₃)₂NH₂, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH₃,—C(CH₃)₂NHCH₂CH₃, —C(CH₃)₂NHCH(CH₃)₂, —C(CH₃)₂NHcyclopropyl,—C(CH₃)₂NH(CH₂)₂OCH₃, or —C(CH₃)₂morpholine-4-yl.

92. A compound selected from the group:

-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile;-   (R)-4-amino-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-4-amino-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-morpholinopent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-morpholinopent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-ethoxy-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-ethoxy-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile;-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-morpholinopent-2-enenitrile;    or-   (R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2,3-difluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-morpholinopent-2-enenitrile;

or a mixture of R and S isomers;

or an individual (E) or (Z) isomer thereof;

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

93. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound or salt of any ofthe embodiments 1-92, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient

94. A method of treating a disease treatable by inhibition of a kinasein a patient which method comprises administering to the patient in needthereof, a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound or salt ofany of the embodiments 1-93 and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.95. The method of embodiment 94 wherein the kinase is BTK.96. The method of any of the embodiment 94 or 95 wherein the disease isan inflammatory disease or cancer and the compound or salt of embodiment1-92 is administered optionally in combination with one or moreanticancer or anti-inflammatory agent.97. Compound or salt of any of the embodiments 1-92 for use as amedicament,98. Compound or salt of embodiment 97 wherein the use is for treating adisease treatable by inhibition of a kinase in a patient.99. Compound or salt of embodiment 97 or 98 wherein the use is treatinga disease treatable by inhibition of BTK.100. Compound of embodiment 98 or 99 wherein the use is treating aninflammatory disease or cancer and the compound of is administeredoptionally in combination with one or more anticancer oranti-inflammatory agent.

General Synthetic Scheme

Compounds of this disclosure can be made by the methods depicted in thereaction schemes shown below.

The starting materials and reagents used in preparing these compoundsare either available from commercial suppliers such as Aldrich ChemicalCo., (Milwaukee, Wis.), Bachem (Torrance, Calif.), or Sigma (St. Louis,Mo.) or are prepared by methods known to those skilled in the artfollowing procedures set forth in references such as Fieser and Fieser'sReagents for Organic Synthesis, Volumes 1-17 (John Wiley and Sons,1991); Rodd's Chemistry of Carbon Compounds, Volumes 1-5 andSupplementals (Elsevier Science Publishers, 1989); Organic Reactions,Volumes 1-40 (John Wiley and Sons, 1991), March's Advanced OrganicChemistry, (John Wiley and Sons, 4th Edition) and Larock's ComprehensiveOrganic Transformations (VCH Publishers Inc., 1989). These schemes aremerely illustrative of some methods by which the compounds of thisdisclosure can be synthesized, and various modifications to theseschemes can be made and will be suggested to one skilled in the arthaving referred to this disclosure. The starting materials and theintermediates, and the final products of the reaction may be isolatedand purified if desired using conventional techniques, including but notlimited to filtration, distillation, crystallization, chromatography andthe like. Such materials may be characterized using conventional means,including physical constants and spectral data.

Unless specified to the contrary, the reactions described herein takeplace at atmospheric pressure over a temperature range from about −78°C. to about 150° C., more preferably from about 0° C. to about 125° C.and most preferably at about room (or ambient) temperature, e.g., about20° C.

Compounds of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) where Z¹ is nitrogen, Z² iscarbon or nitrogen and Z³ is carbon Ar, R¹, R³, R⁴, R⁶, R⁷, and L, Arare as defined above and R⁵ is hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, halo,haloalkyl, or haloalkoxy can be prepared as illustrated and described inScheme A below.

Coupling of an iodo compound of formula 1 where with a boronic acidcompound of formula 2 or boronate esters thereof. Ar, R¹, R³, R⁴, R⁵,R⁶, R⁷, L, and Ar are as defined above under Suzuki coupling reactionconditions provides a compound of formula 3. The Suzuki couplingreaction can be carried out in organic solvents (such as toluene,benzene, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), tetrahydrofuran, methanol,ethanol, acetonitrile, dimethoxyethane, acetone and the like) or waterin the presence of base (such as sodium ethylate, sodium hydroxide,potassium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate,potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, triethylamine, and the like) anda palladium catalyst (such as tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium,dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium, palladium acetate, and thelike). The reaction is carried out at room temperature to 120° C.Compounds of formula 1 are either commercially available or can bereadily prepared by methods well known in the art.

Treatment of a compound of formula 3 with a compound of formula R¹-LGwhere LG is a suitable leaving group such as halo, tosylate, mesylate,triflate, and the like provides a compound of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I).The alkylation or arylation reaction is typically carried out in thepresence of a base such as sodium hydride or potassium tert-butoxide,potassium carbonate, and the like, and a catalyst such as 18-crown-6 ina suitable solvent such as N-methylpyrolidone, dimethylformamide,tetrahydrofuran, toluene, and the like.

It will be recognized by a person skilled in the art that precursors toR¹ group can be substituted at any step in the synthetic procedureillustrated in Scheme A above and converted to R¹ group as defined aboveat alternate stages in the synthetic process based on feasibility of thetransformations. Some such examples are described below:

Substitution of precursors to R¹ in the synthesis of compounds ofFormula (IA), (I′) or (I) when R¹ is —Z-(EWG)-C(CN)═CHR^(c) where Z is abond or alkylene and EWG is N-carbonylheterocycloamino is illustratedand described in Method (a) below.

Treatment of a N-protected heterocycloamino R¹ precursor compound(Suitable nitrogen protecting groups (PG) include t-butyloxycarbonyl(BOC), carbobenzyloxy (Cbz), or 2-trimethylsilyl-ethoxymethyl (SEM))bearing an alcohol with a compound of formula 3 under Mitsunobu reactionconditions provides a compound of formula 10 where Ar, R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶,R⁷, L, Ar, and Z² are as defined above. Removal of the amino protectinggroup can be effected using strong acid (TFA or HCL in the case of a Bocgroup, hydrogenolysis in the case of Cbz, or fluoride anion to removethe SEM), to provide the amine of formula 11.

Coupling of compound of formula 11 with a compound of formula CNCH₂CO₂Hsuch as 2-cyanoacetic acid or 2-trifluoromethylacetic acid, understandard amide coupling conditions such as carbon diimidazole (CDI) andthe like or an acid derivative thereof provides a compound of formula12. Subsequent condensation of a compound of formula 12 with aldehydesof formula R^(c)CHO where R^(c) is as defined above under standardcondensation reaction conditions such as using a base such as piperidineand the like, in the presence or absence of acetic acid and the like insolvents such as ethanol and the like at temperatures ranging from roomtemperature to reflux then provides a compound of Formula (IA), (I′) or(I). Aldehydes of formula R^(c)CHO are either commercially available orthey can be prepared by methods know in the art. For exampletert-butylaldehyde, isopropylaldehyde and cyclopropylaldehyde arecommerically available. Compounds of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) whereR^(c)—C(CH₃)₂NH₂, and —C(CH₃)₂NHCH₃ can be prepared by reacting acompound of formula 12 with an aldehyde of formula BocNHC(CH₃)₂CHO andBocN(CH₃)C(CH₃)₂CHO respectively, followed by removal of the Boc group.Aldehydes of formula BocNHC(CH₃)₂CHO can be prepared as shown below:

Treatment of 2-amino-2-methylpropan-1-ol with (Boc)₂O in the presence oforganic amine provides the corresponding 2-BocNH-2-methylpropan-1-olwhich upon reaction with a suitable oxidizing agent provide the desiredaldehyde of formula 2-BocNH-2-methylpropanaldehyde.

Aldehydes of formula BocN(CH₃)C(CH₃)₂CHO can be prepared as shown below:

Treatment of 2-amino-2-methylpropanoic with (Boc)₂O in the presence oforganic amine provides the corresponding 2-BocNH-2-methylpropanoic whichupon reaction with an alkylating agent such as methyl iodide in thepresence of sodium hydride provide 2-BocN(CH₃)-2-methylpropanoic ester.Reduction of the ester group in BocN(CH₃)-2-methylpropanoic ester with asuitable reducing agent provides the corresponding alcohol which is thencovered to the desired aldehyde as described previously.

It will recognized by a person of ordinary skill in the art that the EWGmoiety can be assembled at multiple points throughout the syntheticscheme and standard protecting group (PG) strategies can be employed asrequired.

Compounds of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) where Z¹ and Z³ are nitrogen andZ² is carbon, Ar, R¹, R³, R⁴, R⁶, R⁷, and L, Ar are as defined above andR⁵ is hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl, or haloalkoxycan be prepared as illustrated and described in Scheme B below.

Cross coupling (Suzuki) of a compound of formula 13 (availablecommercially) with an appropriately substituted boronic acid or boronateesters of formula 13 (as described in Scheme A) provides a compound offormula 15 where R¹ is as defined above. Halogenation of compound 15with a suitable halogenating agent such as N-bromosuccinamide, bromine,and the like, in an organic solvent (such as DMF, dichloromethane,tetrahydrofuran, toluene, acetic acid, water and the like) attemperatures ranging from −78° C. to reflux temperature provides acompound of formula 16. Compound 16 is then coupled with a compound offormula 17 under Suzuki coupling reaction conditions to provide acompound of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) where Ar, R¹, R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷,L, and Ar are as defined above.

It will be recognized by a person skilled in the art that precursors toR¹ can be substituted at any step in Scheme 2 above where R¹ exists andconverted to R¹ at alternate stages in the synthetic process based onfeasibility of the transformations. Some such transformations aredescribed below:

Substitution of precursors to R¹ in the synthesis of compounds ofFormula (IA), (I′) or (I) when R¹ is —Z-(EWG)-C(CN)═CHR^(c) where Z is abond and EWG is N-heterocycloaminocarbonyl is illustrated and describedin method (b) below. The EWG moiety can be assembled at multiple pointsin the synthetic scheme. Standard protecting group (PG) strategiesemployed by those skilled in the art can be employed as required.

Treatment of compound 13 with trimethylsilyl chloride in solvents suchas tetrahydrofuran (THF) at temperatures ranging from 0° C. to roomtemperature prior to treatment by a Grignard reaction (for example bytreatment with isopropyl magnesium chloride in THF at temperaturesranging from 0° C. to room temperature) and subsequent addition of R¹precursor compound of formula 23 bearing a ketone moiety where PG is asuitable protecting group such as tert-butoxycarbonyl (Boc), benzyl (Bn)or 2-trimethylsilyl-ethoxymethyl (SEM)), provides a compound of formula24 which is converted to a compound of formula 25 under dehydrationreaction conditions e.g., treatment of compound 24 with acids such astrifluoroacetic anhydride or trifluoroacetic acid, and the like, insolvents such as pyridine, toluene, methanol, and the like andtemperatures ranging from −20° C. to reflux. Reduction of the doublebond in the compound of formula 25 with a suitable hydrogenationreaction conditions e.g., with platinum oxide or palladium hydroxide orpalladium on carbon in alcoholic solvents such as methanol or ethanol,and the like in the presence or absence of acetic acid and under ahydrogen atmosphere provides a compound of formula 26.

Halogenation of a compound of formula 26 with a suitable halogenatingagent as described in scheme B above provides a compound of formula 27which can then be converted to a compound of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I)as described in method a above.

Compounds of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) where Z and Z² are nitrogen andZ³ is carbon and R¹, R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, L, and Ar are as defined abovecan be prepared as illustrated and described in Scheme C below.

Reaction of a hydrazine compound of formula 1 where R¹ is as definedabove with ethoxymethylene malonitrile in a suitable organic solventsuch as ethanol and the like and at temperatures from 0° C. to refluxprovide a compound of formula 30. Compound of formula 1 that are eithercommercially available or readily synthesized by methods that are wellknown in the art.

Treatment of compound 30 with formamide or formamidine in the absence ofsolvent or in solvents such as ethanol and the like at temperatures fromroom temperature to 200° C. provides a compound of formula 31.Halogenation of 31 under halogenating conditions described aboveprovides the compound of formula 32 which can then be converted to acompound of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) as described in Scheme A above.

It will be recognized by a person skilled in the art that precursors togroup R¹ can be substituted at any step in Scheme C above where R¹exists and then converted to R¹ at alternate stages in the syntheticprocess based on feasibility of the transformations. Some suchtransformations are described below:

Substitution of precursors to R¹ in the synthesis of compounds ofFormula (IA), (I′) or (I) when R¹ is —Z-(EWG)-C(CN)═CHR^(c) where Z is abond and EWG is N-carbonylheterocycloamino is illustrated and describedin method (c) below. The EWG moiety can be assembled at multiple pointsin the synthetic scheme. Standard protecting group (PG) strategiesemployed by those skilled in the art can be employed as required.

Substituting compound of formula 33 where Z is a bond or alkylene andwhere PG is a suitable nitrogen protecting group such astert-butoxycarbonyl (Boc), benzyl (Bn) or 2-trimethylsilyl-ethoxymethyl(SEM)) with a compound of formula 44 followed by steps 2-5 in Method (g)above provides a compound of formula 46. Removal of the amine protectinggroup under standard conditions such as HCl in ethyl acetate ortrifluoroacetic acid in dichloromethane at 0° C. to reflux for BOC andcatalytic hydrogenation in ethyl alcohol for CBZ, provides a compound46a that can then be converted to a compound of Formula (IA), (I′) or(I) by methods previously described in Method a.

Compounds of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) where Z¹ is nitrogen and Z² andZ³ are carbon and R¹, R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, L, and Ar are as defined abovecan be prepared as illustrated and described in Scheme D below.

Alkylation of a compound of the formula R¹NH₂ where R¹ is as definedabove with a compound of formula 47 under standard alkylation reactionconditions (e.g., reacting in the presence of a base such as sodiumhydride or potassium tert-butoxide, potassium carbonate, and the like,and a catalyst such as 18-crown-6 in a suitable solvent such asN-methylpyrolidone, dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, toluene and thelike) provides a compound of formula 48. Reaction of compound 48 withmalonitrile and a base such as potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide,and the like in a suitable solvent such as methanol or ethanol and thelike at temperatures from 0° C. to reflux provides a compound of formula49 which is then converted to a compound of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) asdescribed in Scheme C above.

As discussed previously, it will be recognized by a person skilled inthe art that precursors to group R¹ can be substituted at any step inScheme D above where R¹ exists and then converted to R¹ at alternatestages in the synthetic process based on feasibility of thetransformations. For example, an amine of formula

can be used instead of R¹NH₂ in Scheme D above to give a compound of

respectively, which is then converted to a compound of Formula (IA),(I′) or (I) where R¹ is -(heterocycloamino)-C(CN)═CHR^(c) following theprocedures described above.

Substitution of precursors to R¹ in the synthesis of compounds ofFormula (IA), (I′) or (I) when R¹ is —Z-(EWG)-C(CN)═CHR^(c) where Z isheteroalkylene or aryl and EWG is —NR′CO— is illustrated and describedin Scheme E below.

Treatment of a R¹ precursor containing hydrazines of formula 50 where Zis heteroalkylene or aryl and EWG is —NR′CO— and R³-R⁷, L and Ar definedabove with ethoxymethylene malonitrile as described in Scheme C providesa compound of formula 51 which is converted to a compound of formula 53as described in Scheme C. Coupling of a bromo compound of formula 53with a boronic acid compound or boronate esters thereof of formula 17under Suzuki coupling reaction conditions as described in Scheme Aprovides a compound of formula 54. Reduction of nitro substituent ofcompound 54 may be accomplished by treatment with a reducing agent suchas zinc powder and the like in a suitable solvent such as acetic acidand the like, or by catalytic hydrogenation to provide a compound offormula 55. Coupling of compounds of formula 55 with a compound offormula CNCH₂CO₂H such as 2-cyanoacetic acid or 2-trifluoromethylaceticacid, under standard amide coupling conditions such as carbondiimidazole (CDI) and the like or an acid derivative thereof provides acompound of formula 56. Subsequent condensation of a compound of formula56 with aldehydes of formula R^(c)CHO where R^(c) is as defined abovee.g., t-butyl or cyclopropyl aldehyde, under standard condensationreaction conditions such as using a base such as piperidine and thelike, in the presence or absence of acetic acid and the like in solventssuch as ethanol and the like at temperatures ranging from roomtemperature to reflux then provides a compound of Formula (IA), (I′) or(I). It will recognized by a person of ordinary skill in the art thatthe EWG′ moiety can be assembled at multiple points throughout thesynthetic scheme and standard protecting group (PG) strategies can beemployed as required.

Utility

The compounds of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) are tyrosine kinaseinhibitors, in particular BTK and hence are useful in the treatment ofautoimmune disease, e.g., inflammatory bowel disease, arthritis, lupus,rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, osteoarthritis, Still'sdisease, juvenile arthritis, diabetes, myasthenia gravis, Hashimoto'sthyroiditis, Ord's thyroiditis, Graves' disease, Sjogren's syndrome,multiple sclerosis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, acute disseminatedencephalomyelitis, Addison's disease, opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome,ankylosing spondylitisis, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, aplasticanemia, autoimmune hepatitis, coeliac disease, Goodpasture's syndrome,idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, optic neuritis, scleroderma,primary biliary cirrhosis, Reiter's syndrome, Takayasu's arteritis,temporal arteritis, warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia, Wegener'sgranulomatosis, psoriasis, alopecia universalis, Behcet's disease,chronic fatigue, dysautonomia, endometriosis, interstitial cystitis,neuromyotonia, scleroderma, or vulvodynia.

The compounds of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) are also useful in thetreatment of In another embodiment of this aspect, the patient in needis suffering from a heteroimmune condition or disease, e.g., graftversus host disease, transplantation, transfusion, anaphylaxis, allergy,type I hypersensitivity, allergic conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis, oratopic dermatitis.

In another embodiment of this aspect, the patient in need is sufferingfrom an inflammatory disease, e.g., asthma, appendicitis, blepharitis,bronchiolitis, bronchitis, bursitis, cervicitis, cholangitis,cholecystitis, colitis, conjunctivitis, cystitis, dacryoadenitis,dermatitis, dermatomyositis, encephalitis, endocarditis, endometritis,enteritis, enterocolitis, epicondylitis, epididymitis, fasciitis,fibrositis, gastritis, gastroenteritis, hepatitis, hidradenitissuppurativa, laryngitis, mastitis, meningitis, myelitis myocarditis,myositis, nephritis, oophoritis, orchitis, osteitis, otitis,pancreatitis, parotitis, pericarditis, peritonitis, pharyngitis,pleuritis, phlebitis, pneumonitis, pneumonia, proctitis, prostatitis,pyelonephritis, rhinitis, salpingitis, sinusitis, stomatitis, synovitis,tendonitis, tonsillitis, uveitis, vaginitis, vasculitis, or vulvitis.

In another embodiment of this aspect, the patient is suffering frominflammatory skin disease which includes, by way of example, dermatitis,contact dermatitis, eczema, urticaria, rosacea, and scarring psoriaticlesions in the skin, joints, or other tissues or organs.

In yet another embodiment of this aspect, the subject in need issuffering from a cancer. In one embodiment, the cancer is a B-cellproliferative disorder, e.g., diffuse large B cell lymphoma, follicularlymphoma, chronic lymphocytic lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia,B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia, lymphoplamascytic lymphoma/Waldenstrommacroglobulinemia, splenic marginal zone lymphoma, plasma cell myeloma,plasmacytoma, extranodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma, nodal marginalzone B cell lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, mediastinal (thymic) large Bcell lymphoma, intravascular large B cell lymphoma, primary effusionlymphoma, burkitt lymphoma/leukemia, or lymphomatoid granulomatosis. Insome embodiments, the compound of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) isadministered in combination with another an anti-cancer agent e.g., theanti-cancer agent is an inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinasesignaling, e.g., U0126, PD98059, PD184352, PD0325901, ARRY-142886,SB239063, SP600125, BAY 43-9006, wortmannin, or LY294002.

In yet another embodiment, the patient in need is suffering from athromboembolic disorder, e.g., myocardial infarct, angina pectoris,reocclusion after angioplasty, restenosis after angioplasty, reocclusionafter aortocoronary bypass, restenosis after aortocoronary bypass,stroke, transitory ischemia, a peripheral arterial occlusive disorder,pulmonary embolism, or deep venous thrombosis.

In a fourth aspect, the disclosure is directed to use of compound ofFormula (IA), (I′) or (I) (and any embodiments thereof described herein)for use as a medicament. In one embodiment, the use of compound ofFormula (IA), (I′) or (I) is for treating inflammatory disease orproliferative diseases.

In a fifth aspect is the use of a compound of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I)in the manufacture of a medicament for treating an inflammatory diseasein a patient in which the activity of BTK or other tyrosine kinasescontributes to the pathology and/or symptoms of the disease. In oneembodiment of this aspect, the tyrosine kinase protein is BTK. Inanother embodiment of this aspect, the inflammatory disease isrespiratory, cardiovascular, or proliferative diseases.

In any of the aforementioned aspects involving the treatment ofproliferative disorders, including cancer, are further embodimentscomprising administering the compound of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) incombination with at least one additional agent selected from the groupconsisting of alemtuzumab, arsenic trioxide, asparaginase (pegylated ornon-), bevacizumab, cetuximab, platinum-based compounds such ascisplatin, cladribine, daunorubicin/doxorubicin/idarubicin, irinotecan,fludarabine, 5-fluorouracil, gemtuzamab, methotrexate, paclitaxel,Taxol™, temozolomide, thioguanine, or classes of drugs includinghormones (an antiestrogen, an antiandrogen, or gonadotropin releasinghormone analogues, interferons such as alpha interferon, nitrogenmustards such as busulfan or melphalan or mechlorethamine, retinoidssuch as tretinoin, topoisomerase inhibitors such as irinotecan ortopotecan, tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as gefinitinib or imatinib,or agents to treat signs or symptoms induced by such therapy includingallopurinol, filgrastim, granisetron/ondansetron/palonosetron,dronabinol. When combination therapy is used, the agents can beadministered simultaneously or sequentially.

Testing

The kinase inhibitory activity of the compounds of the presentdisclosure can be tested using the in vitro and in vivo assays describedin Biological Examples 1-6 below. The ability of the compound of thedisclosure to form reversible covalent bond with a cysteine residue of akinase, preferably Cys481 of BTK (UniprotKB Sequence ID Q06187), can bedetermined by the assays described in Examples 8-11 below.

Administration and Pharmaceutical Composition

In general, the compounds of this disclosure will be administered in atherapeutically effective amount by any of the accepted modes ofadministration for agents that serve similar utilities. Therapeuticallyeffective amounts of compounds of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) may rangefrom about 0.01 to about 500 mg per kg patient body weight per day,which can be administered in single or multiple doses. Preferably, thedosage level will be about 0.1 to about 250 mg/kg per day; morepreferably about 0.5 to about 100 mg/kg per day. A suitable dosage levelmay be about 0.01 to about 250 mg/kg per day, about 0.05 to about 100mg/kg per day, or about 0.1 to about 50 mg/kg per day. Within this rangethe dosage can be about 0.05 to about 0.5, about 0.5 to about 5 or about5 to about 50 mg/kg per day. For oral administration, the compositionsare preferably provided in the form of tablets containing about 1.0 toabout 1000 milligrams of the active ingredient, particularly about 1.0,5.0, 10, 15, 20, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 400, 500, 600,750, 800, 900, and 1000 milligrams of the active ingredient. The actualamount of the compound of this disclosure, i.e., the active ingredient,will depend upon numerous factors such as the severity of the disease tobe treated, the age and relative health of the subject, the potency ofthe compound being utilized, the route and form of administration, andother factors.

In general, compounds of this disclosure will be administered aspharmaceutical compositions by any one of the following routes: oral,systemic (e.g., transdermal, intranasal or by suppository), orparenteral (e.g., intramuscular, intravenous or subcutaneous)administration. The preferred manner of administration is oral using aconvenient daily dosage regimen, which can be adjusted according to thedegree of affliction. Compositions can take the form of tablets, pills,capsules, semisolids, powders, sustained release formulations,solutions, suspensions, elixirs, aerosols, or any other appropriatecompositions.

The choice of formulation depends on various factors such as the mode ofdrug administration (e.g., for oral administration, formulations in theform of tablets, pills or capsules are preferred) and thebioavailability of the drug substance. Recently, pharmaceuticalformulations have been developed especially for drugs that show poorbioavailability based upon the principle that bioavailability can beincreased by increasing the surface area i.e., decreasing particle size.For example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,107,288 describes a pharmaceuticalformulation having particles in the size range from 10 to 1,000 nm inwhich the active material is supported on a crosslinked matrix ofmacromolecules. U.S. Pat. No. 5,145,684 describes the production of apharmaceutical formulation in which the drug substance is pulverized tonanoparticles (average particle size of 400 nm) in the presence of asurface modifier and then dispersed in a liquid medium to give apharmaceutical formulation that exhibits remarkably highbioavailability.

The compositions are comprised of in general, a compound of formula(IA), (I′) or (I) in combination with at least one pharmaceuticallyacceptable excipient. Acceptable excipients are non-toxic, aidadministration, and do not adversely affect the therapeutic benefit ofthe compound of formula (IA), (I′) or (I). Such excipient may be anysolid, liquid, semi-solid or, in the case of an aerosol composition,gaseous excipient that is generally available to one of skill in theart.

Solid pharmaceutical excipients include starch, cellulose, talc,glucose, lactose, sucrose, gelatin, malt, rice, flour, chalk, silicagel, magnesium stearate, sodium stearate, glycerol monostearate, sodiumchloride, dried skim milk and the like. Liquid and semisolid excipientsmay be selected from glycerol, propylene glycol, water, ethanol andvarious oils, including those of petroleum, animal, vegetable orsynthetic origin, e.g., peanut oil, soybean oil, mineral oil, sesameoil, etc. Preferred liquid carriers, particularly for injectablesolutions, include water, saline, aqueous dextrose, and glycols.

Compressed gases may be used to disperse a compound of this disclosurein aerosol form. Inert gases suitable for this purpose are nitrogen,carbon dioxide, etc.

Other suitable pharmaceutical excipients and their formulations aredescribed in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, edited by E. W. Martin(Mack Publishing Company, 20th ed., 2000).

The level of the compound in a formulation can vary within the fullrange employed by those skilled in the art. Typically, the formulationwill contain, on a weight percent (wt %) basis, from about 0.01-99.99 wt% of a compound of formula (IA), (I′) or (I) based on the totalformulation, with the balance being one or more suitable pharmaceuticalexcipients. Preferably, the compound is present at a level of about 1-80wt %.

The compounds of the present disclosure may be used in combination withone or more other drugs in the treatment of diseases or conditions forwhich compounds of the present disclosure or the other drugs may haveutility, where the combination of the drugs together are safer or moreeffective than either drug alone. Such other drug(s) may beadministered, by a route and in an amount commonly used therefore,contemporaneously or sequentially with a compound of the presentdisclosure. When a compound of the present disclosure is usedcontemporaneously with one or more other drugs, a pharmaceuticalcomposition in unit dosage form containing such other drugs and thecompound of the present disclosure is preferred. However, thecombination therapy may also include therapies in which the compound ofthe present disclosure and one or more other drugs are administered ondifferent overlapping schedules. It is also contemplated that when usedin combination with one or more other active ingredients, the compoundsof the present disclosure and the other active ingredients may be usedin lower doses than when each is used singly.

Accordingly, the pharmaceutical compositions of the present disclosurealso include those that contain one or more other active ingredients, inaddition to a compound of the present disclosure.

The above combinations include combinations of a compound of the presentdisclosure not only with one other active compound, but also with two ormore other active compounds. Likewise, compounds of the presentdisclosure may be used in combination with other drugs that are used inthe prevention, treatment, control, amelioration, or reduction of riskof the diseases or conditions for which compounds of the presentdisclosure are useful. Such other drugs may be administered, by a routeand in an amount commonly used therefore, contemporaneously orsequentially with a compound of the present disclosure. When a compoundof the present disclosure is used contemporaneously with one or moreother drugs, a pharmaceutical composition containing such other drugs inaddition to the compound of the present disclosure is preferred.Accordingly, the pharmaceutical compositions of the present disclosurealso include those that also contain one or more other activeingredients, in addition to a compound of the present disclosure. Theweight ratio of the compound of the present disclosure to the secondactive ingredient may be varied and will depend upon the effective doseof each ingredient. Generally, an effective dose of each will be used.

Where the subject is suffering from or at risk of suffering from anautoimmune disease, an inflammatory disease, or an allergy disease, acompound of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) can be used in with one or more ofthe following therapeutic agents in any combination: immunosuppressants(e.g., tacrolimus, cyclosporin, rapamicin, methotrexate,cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, mercaptopurine, mycophenolate, orFTY720), glucocorticoids (e.g., prednisone, cortisone acetate,prednisolone, methylprednisolone, dexamethasone, betamethasone,triamcinolone, beclometasone, fludrocortisone acetate,deoxycorticosterone acetate, aldosterone), non-steroidalanti-inflammatory drugs (e.g., salicylates, arylalkanoic acids,2-arylpropionic acids, N-arylanthranilic acids, oxicams, coxibs, orsulphonanilides), Cox-2-specific inhibitors (e.g., valdecoxib,celecoxib, or rofecoxib), leflunomide, gold thioglucose, goldthiomalate, aurofin, sulfasalazine, hydroxychloroquinine, minocycline,TNF-.alpha. binding proteins (e.g., infliximab, etanercept, oradalimumab), abatacept, anakinra, interferon-.beta., interferon-.gamma.,interleukin-2, allergy vaccines, antihistamines, antileukotrienes,beta-agonists, theophylline, or anticholinergics.

Where the subject is suffering from or at risk of suffering from aB-cell proliferative disorder (e.g., plasma cell myeloma), the subjectcan be treated with a compound of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) in anycombination with one or more other anti-cancer agents. In someembodiments, one or more of the anti-cancer agents are proapoptoticagents. Examples of anti-cancer agents include, but are not limited to,any of the following: gossyphol, genasense, polyphenol E, Chlorofusin,all trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), bryostatin, tumor necrosisfactor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL),5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine, all trans retinoic acid, doxorubicin,vincristine, etoposide, gemcitabine, imatinib (Gleevecr™), geldanamycin,17-N-Allylamino-17-Demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG), flavopiridol,LY294002, bortezomib, trastuzumab, BAY 11-7082, PKC412, or PD184352,Taxol™, also referred to as “paclitaxel”, which is a well-knownanti-cancer drug which acts by enhancing and stabilizing microtubuleformation, and analogs of Taxol™, such as Taxotere™. Compounds that havethe basic taxane skeleton as a common structure feature, have also beenshown to have the ability to arrest cells in the G2-M phases due tostabilized microtubules and may be useful for treating cancer incombination with the compounds described herein.

Further examples of anti-cancer agents for use in combination with acompound of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) include inhibitors ofmitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, e.g., U0126, PD98059,PD184352, PD0325901, ARRY-142886, SB239063, SP600125, BAY 43-9006,wortmannin, or LY294002; Syk inhibitors; mTOR inhibitors; and antibodies(e.g., rituxan).

Other anti-cancer agents that can be employed in combination with acompound of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) include Adriamycin, Dactinomycin,Bleomycin, Vinblastine, Cisplatin, acivicin; aclarubicin; acodazolehydrochloride; acronine; adozelesin; aldesleukin; altretamine;ambomycin; ametantrone acetate; aminoglutethimide; amsacrine;anastrozole; anthramycin; asparaginase; asperlin; azacitidine; azetepa;azotomycin; batimastat; benzodepa; bicalutamide; bisantrenehydrochloride; bisnafide dimesylate; bizelesin; bleomycin sulfate;brequinar sodium; bropirimine; busulfan; cactinomycin; calusterone;caracemide; carbetimer; carboplatin; carmustine; carubicinhydrochloride; carzelesin; cedefingol; chlorambucil; cirolemycin;cladribine; crisnatol mesylate; cyclophosphamide; cytarabine;dacarbazine; daunorubicin hydrochloride; decitabine; dexormaplatin;dezaguanine; dezaguanine mesylate; diaziquone; doxorubicin; doxorubicinhydrochloride; droloxifene; droloxifene citrate; dromostanolonepropionate; duazomycin; edatrexate; eflornithine hydrochloride;elsamitrucin; enloplatin; enpromate; epipropidine; epirubicinhydrochloride; erbulozole; esorubicin hydrochloride; estramustine;estramustine phosphate sodium; etanidazole; etoposide; etoposidephosphate; etoprine; fadrozole hydrochloride; fazarabine; fenretinide;floxuridine; fludarabine phosphate; fluorouracil; fluorocitabine;fosquidone; fostriecin sodium; gemcitabine; gemcitabine hydrochloride;hydroxyurea; idarubicin hydrochloride; ifosfamide; ilmofosine;interleukin II (including recombinant interleukin II, or rIL2),interferon alfa-2a; interferon alfa-2b; interferon alfa-n1; interferonalfa-n3; interferon beta-1a; interferon gamma-1b; iproplatin; irinotecanhydrochloride; lanreotide acetate; letrozole; leuprolide acetate;liarozole hydrochloride; lometrexol sodium; lomustine; losoxantronehydrochloride; masoprocol; maytansine; mechlorethamine hydrochloride;megestrol acetate; melengestrol acetate; melphalan; menogaril;mercaptopurine; methotrexate; methotrexate sodium; metoprine;meturedepa; mitindomide; mitocarcin; mitocromin; mitogillin; mitomalcin;mitomycin; mitosper; mitotane; mitoxantrone hydrochloride; mycophenolicacid; nocodazole; nogalamycin; ormaplatin; oxisuran; pegaspargase;peliomycin; pentamustine; peplomycin sulfate; perfosfamide; pipobroman;piposulfan; piroxantrone hydrochloride; plicamycin; plomestane; porfimersodium; porfiromycin; prednimustine; procarbazine hydrochloride;puromycin; puromycin hydrochloride; pyrazofurin; riboprine; rogletimide;safingol; safingol hydrochloride; semustine; simtrazene; sparfosatesodium; sparsomycin; spirogermanium hydrochloride; spiromustine;spiroplatin; streptonigrin; streptozocin; sulofenur; talisomycin;tecogalan sodium; tegafur; teloxantrone hydrochloride; temoporfin;teniposide; teroxirone; testolactone; thiamiprine; thioguanine;thiotepa; tiazofurin; tirapazamine; toremifene citrate; trestoloneacetate; triciribine phosphate; trimetrexate; trimetrexate glucuronate;triptorelin; tubulozole hydrochloride; uracil mustard; uredepa;vapreotide; verteporfin; vinblastine sulfate; vincristine sulfate;vindesine; vindesine sulfate; vinepidine sulfate; vinglycinate sulfate;vinleurosine sulfate; vinorelbine tartrate; vinrosidine sulfate;vinzolidine sulfate; vorozole; zeniplatin; zinostatin; zorubicinhydrochloride.

Other anti-cancer agents that can be employed in combination with acompound of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) include: 20-epi-1, 25dihydroxyvitamin D3; 5-ethynyluracil; abiraterone; aclarubicin;acylfulvene; adecypenol; adozelesin; aldesleukin; ALL-TK antagonists;altretamine; ambamustine; amidox; amifostine; aminolevulinic acid;amrubicin; amsacrine; anagrelide; anastrozole; andrographolide;angiogenesis inhibitors; antagonist D; antagonist G; antarelix;anti-dorsalizing morphogenetic protein-1; antiandrogen, prostaticcarcinoma; antiestrogen; antineoplaston; antisense oligonucleotides;aphidicolin glycinate; apoptosis gene modulators; apoptosis regulators;apurinic acid; ara-CDP-DL-PTBA; arginine deaminase; asulacrine;atamestane; atrimustine; axinastatin 1; axinastatin 2; axinastatin 3;azasetron; azatoxin; azatyrosine; baccatin III derivatives; balanol;batimastat; BCR/ABL antagonists; benzochlorins; benzoylstaurosporine;beta lactam derivatives; beta-alethine; betaclamycin B; betulinic acid;bFGF inhibitor; bicalutamide; bisantrene; bisaziridinylspermine;bisnafide; bistratene A; bizelesin; breflate; bropirimine; budotitane;buthionine sulfoximine; calcipotriol; calphostin C; camptothecinderivatives; canarypox IL-2; capecitabine; carboxamide-amino-triazole;carboxyamidotriazole; CaRest M3; CARN 700; cartilage derived inhibitor;carzelesin; casein kinase inhibitors (ICOS); castanospermine; cecropinB; cetrorelix; chlorlns; chloroquinoxaline sulfonamide; cicaprost;cis-porphyrin; cladribine; clomifene analogues; clotrimazole;collismycin A; collismycin B; combretastatin A4; combretastatinanalogue; conagenin; crambescidin 816; crisnatol; cryptophycin 8;cryptophycin A derivatives; curacin A; cyclopentanthraquinones;cycloplatam; cypemycin; cytarabine ocfosfate; cytolytic factor;cytostatin; dacliximab; decitabine; dehydrodidemnin B; deslorelin;dexamethasone; dexifosfamide; dexrazoxane; dexverapamil; diaziquone;didemnin B; didox; diethylnorspermine; dihydro-5-azacytidine;9-dioxamycin; diphenyl spiromustine; docosanol; dolasetron;doxifluridine; droloxifene; dronabinol; duocarmycin SA; ebselen;ecomustine; edelfosine; edrecolomab; eflomithine; elemene; emitefur;epirubicin; epristeride; estramustine analogue; estrogen agonists;estrogen antagonists; etanidazole; etoposide phosphate; exemestane;fadrozole; fazarabine; fenretinide; filgrastim; fmasteride;flavopiridol; flezelastine; fluasterone; fludarabine; fluorodaunorunicinhydrochloride; forfenimex; formestane; fostriecin; fotemustine;gadolinium texaphyrin; gallium nitrate; galocitabine; ganirelix;gelatinase inhibitors; gemcitabine; glutathione inhibitors; hepsulfam;heregulin; hexamethylene bisacetamide; hypericin; ibandronic acid;idarubicin; idoxifene; idramantone; ilmofosine; ilomastat;imidazoacridones; imiquimod; immunostimulant peptides; insulin-likegrowth factor-1 receptor inhibitor; interferon agonists; interferons;interleukins; iobenguane; iododoxorubicin; ipomeanol, 4-; iroplact;irsogladine; isobengazole; isohomohalicondrin B; itasetron;jasplakinolide; kahalalide F; lamellarin-N triacetate; lanreotide;leinamycin; lenograstim; lentinan sulfate; leptolstatin; letrozole;leukemia inhibiting factor; leukocyte alpha interferon;leuprolide+estrogen+progesterone; leuprorelin; levamisole; liarozole;linear polyamine analogue; lipophilic disaccharide peptide; lipophilicplatinum compounds; lissoclinamide 7; lobaplatin; lombricine;lometrexol; lonidamine; losoxantrone; lovastatin; loxoribine;lurtotecan; lutetium texaphyrin; lysofylline; lytic peptides;maitansine; mannostatin A; marimastat; masoprocol; maspin; matrilysininhibitors; matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors; menogaril; merbarone;meterelin; methioninase; metoclopramide; MIF inhibitor; mifepristone;miltefosine; mirimostim; mismatched double stranded RNA; mitoguazone;mitolactol; mitomycin analogues; mitonafide; mitotoxin fibroblast growthfactor-saporin; mitoxantrone; mofarotene; molgramostim; monoclonalantibody, human chorionic gonadotrophin; monophosphoryl lipidA+myobacterium cell wall sk; mopidamol; multiple drug resistance geneinhibitor; multiple tumor suppressor 1-based therapy; mustard anticanceragent; mycaperoxide B; mycobacterial cell wall extract; myriaporone;N-acetyldinaline; N-substituted benzamides; nafarelin; nagrestip;naloxone+pentazocine; napavin; naphterpin; nartograstim; nedaplatin;nemorubicin; neridronic acid; neutral endopeptidase; nilutamide;nisamycin; nitric oxide modulators; nitroxide antioxidant; nitrullyn;O6-benzylguanine; octreotide; okicenone; oligonucleotides; onapristone;ondansetron; ondansetron; oracin; oral cytokine inducer; ormaplatin;osaterone; oxaliplatin; oxaunomycin; palauamine; palmitoylrhizoxin;pamidronic acid; panaxytriol; panomifene; parabactin; pazelliptine;pegaspargase; peldesine; pentosan polysulfate sodium; pentostatin;pentrozole; perflubron; perfosfamide; perillyl alcohol; phenazinomycin;phenylacetate; phosphatase inhibitors; picibanil; pilocarpinehydrochloride; pirarubicin; piritrexim; placetin A; placetin B;plasminogen activator inhibitor; platinum complex; platinum compounds;platinum-triamine complex; porfimer sodium; porfiromycin; prednisone;propyl bis-acridone; prostaglandin J2; proteasome inhibitors; proteinA-based immune modulator; protein kinase C inhibitor; protein kinase Cinhibitors, microalgal; protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitors; purinenucleoside phosphorylase inhibitors; purpurins; pyrazoloacridine;pyridoxylated hemoglobin polyoxyethylerie conjugate; raf antagonists;raltitrexed; ramosetron; ras farnesyl protein transferase inhibitors;ras inhibitors; ras-GAP inhibitor; retelliptine demethylated; rhenium Re186 etidronate; rhizoxin; ribozymes; R.sub.11 retinamide; rogletimide;rohitukine; romurtide; roquinimex; rubiginone B1; ruboxyl; safingol;saintopin; SarCNU; sarcophytol A; sargramostim; Sdi 1 mimetics;semustine; senescence derived 1; sense oligonucleotides; signaltransduction inhibitors; signal transduction modulators; single chainantigen-binding protein; sizofuran; sobuzoxane; sodium borocaptate;sodium phenylacetate; solverol; somatomedin binding protein; sonermin;sparfosic acid; spicamycin D; spiromustine; splenopentin; spongistatin1; squalamine; stem cell inhibitor; stem-cell division inhibitors;stipiamide; stromelysin inhibitors; sulfinosine; superactive vasoactiveintestinal peptide antagonist; suradista; suramin; swainsonine;synthetic glycosaminoglycans; tallimustine; tamoxifen methiodide;tauromustine; tazarotene; tecogalan sodium; tegafur; tellurapyrylium;telomerase inhibitors; temoporfin; temozolomide; teniposide;tetrachlorodecaoxide; tetrazomine; thaliblastine; thiocoraline;thrombopoietin; thrombopoietin mimetic; thymalfasin; thymopoietinreceptor agonist; thymotrinan; thyroid stimulating hormone; tin ethyletiopurpurin; tirapazamine; titanocene bichloride; topsentin;toremifene; totipotent stem cell factor; translation inhibitors;tretinoin; triacetyluridine; triciribine; trimetrexate; triptorelin;tropisetron; turosteride; tyrosine kinase inhibitors; tyrphostins; UBCinhibitors; ubenimex; urogenital sinus-derived growth inhibitory factor;urokinase receptor antagonists; vapreotide; variolin B; vector system,erythrocyte gene therapy; velaresol; veramine; verdins; verteporfin;vinorelbine; vinxaltine; vitaxin; vorozole; zanoterone; zeniplatin;zilascorb; and zinostatin stimalamer.

Yet other anticancer agents that can be employed in combination with acompound of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) include alkylating agents,antimetabolites, natural products, or hormones, e.g., nitrogen mustards(e.g., mechloroethamine, cyclophosphamide, chlorambucil, etc.), alkylsulfonates (e.g., busulfan), nitrosoureas (e.g., carmustine, lomusitne,etc.), or triazenes (decarbazine, etc.). Examples of antimetabolitesinclude but are not limited to folic acid analog (e.g., methotrexate),or pyrimidine analogs (e.g., Cytarabine), purine analogs (e.g.,mercaptopurine, thioguanine, pentostatin).

Examples of natural products useful in combination with a compound ofFormula (IA), (I′) or (I) include but are not limited to vinca alkaloids(e.g., vinblastin, vincristine), epipodophyllotoxins (e.g., etoposide),antibiotics (e.g., daunorubicin, doxorubicin, bleomycin), enzymes (e.g.,L-asparaginase), or biological response modifiers (e.g., interferonalpha).

Examples of alkylating agents that can be employed in combination acompound of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) include, but are not limited to,nitrogen mustards (e.g., mechloroethamine, cyclophosphamide,chlorambucil, melphalan, etc.), ethylenimine and methylmelamines (e.g.,hexamethlymelamine, thiotepa), alkyl sulfonates (e.g., busulfan),nitrosoureas (e.g., carmustine, lomusitne, semustine, streptozocin,etc.), or triazenes (decarbazine, etc.). Examples of antimetabolitesinclude, but are not limited to folic acid analog (e.g., methotrexate),or pyrimidine analogs (e.g., fluorouracil, floxuridine, Cytarabine),purine analogs (e.g., mercaptopurine, thioguanine, pentostatin.

Examples of hormones and antagonists useful in combination a compound ofFormula (IA), (I′) or (I) include, but are not limited to,adrenocorticosteroids (e.g., prednisone), progestins (e.g.,hydroxyprogesterone caproate, megestrol acetate, medroxyprogesteroneacetate), estrogens (e.g., diethlystilbestrol, ethinyl estradiol),antiestrogen (e.g., tamoxifen), androgens (e.g., testosteronepropionate, fluoxymesterone), antiandrogen (e.g., flutamide),gonadotropin releasing hormone analog (e.g., leuprolide). Other agentsthat can be used in the methods and compositions described herein forthe treatment or prevention of cancer include platinum coordinationcomplexes (e.g., cisplatin, carboblatin), anthracenedione (e.g.,mitoxantrone), substituted urea (e.g., hydroxyurea), methyl hydrazinederivative (e.g., procarbazine), adrenocortical suppressant (e.g.,mitotane, aminoglutethimide).

Examples of anti-cancer agents which act by arresting cells in the G2-Mphases due to stabilized microtubules and which can be used incombination with an BTK inhibitor compound of the disclosure includewithout limitation the following marketed drugs and drugs indevelopment: Erbulozole (also known as R-55104), Dolastatin 10 (alsoknown as DLS-10 and NSC-376128), Mivobulin isethionate (also known asCI-980), Vincristine, NSC-639829, Discodermolide (also known asNVP-XX-A-296), ABT-751 (Abbott, also known as E-7010), Altorhyrtins(such as Altorhyrtin A and Altorhyrtin C), Spongistatins (such asSpongistatin 1, Spongistatin 2, Spongistatin 3, Spongistatin 4,Spongistatin 5, Spongistatin 6, Spongistatin 7, Spongistatin 8, andSpongistatin 9), Cemadotin hydrochloride (also known as LU-103793 andNSC-D-669356), Epothilones (such as Epothilone A, Epothilone B,Epothilone C (also known as desoxyepothilone A or dEpoA), Epothilone D(also referred to as KOS-862, dEpoB, and desoxyepothilone B), EpothiloneE, Epothilone F, Epothilone B N-oxide, Epothilone A N-oxide,16-aza-epothilone B, 21-aminoepothilone B (also known as BMS-310705),21-hydroxyepothilone D (also known as Desoxyepothilone F and dEpoF),26-fluoroepothilone), Auristatin PE (also known as NSC-654663),Soblidotin (also known as TZT-1027), LS-4559-P (Pharmacia, also known asLS-4577), LS-4578 (Pharmacia, also known as LS-477-P), LS-4477(Pharmacia), LS-4559 (Pharmacia), RPR-112378 (Aventis), Vincristinesulfate, DZ-3358 (Daiichi), FR-182877 (Fujisawa, also known asWS-9885B), GS-164 (Takeda), GS-198 (Takeda), KAR-2 (Hungarian Academy ofSciences), BSF-223651 (BASF, also known as ILX-651 and LU-223651),SAH-49960 (Lilly/Novartis), SDZ-268970 (Lilly/Novartis), AM-97(Armad/Kyowa Hakko), AM-132 (Armad), AM-138 (Armad/Kyowa Hakko),IDN-5005 (Indena), Cryptophycin 52 (also known as LY-355703), AC-7739(Ajinomoto, also known as AVE-8063A and CS-39.HCl), AC-7700 (Ajinomoto,also known as AVE-8062, AVE-8062A, CS-39-L-Ser.HCl, and RPR-258062A),Vitilevuamide, Tubulysin A, Canadensol, Centaureidin (also known asNSC-106969), T-138067 (Tularik, also known as T-67, TL-138067 andTI-138067), COBRA-1 (Parker Hughes Institute, also known as DDE-261 andWHI-261), H10 (Kansas State University), H16 (Kansas State University),Oncocidin A1 (also known as BTO-956 and DIME), DDE-313 (Parker HughesInstitute), Fijianolide B. Laulimalide, SPA-2 (Parker Hughes Institute),SPA-1 (Parker Hughes Institute, also known as SPIKET-P), 3-IAABU(Cytoskeleton/Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, also known as MF-569),Narcosine (also known as NSC-5366), Nascapine, D-24851 (Asta Medica),A-105972 (Abbott), Hemiasterlin, 3-BAABU (Cytoskeleton/Mt. Sinai Schoolof Medicine, also known as MF-191), TMPN (Arizona State University),Vanadocene acetylacetonate, T-138026 (Tularik), Monsatrol, Inanocine(also known as NSC-698666), 3-1AABE (Cytoskeleton/Mt. Sinai School ofMedicine), A-204197 (Abbott), T-607 (Tuiarik, also known as T-900607),RPR-115781 (Aventis), Eleutherobins (such as Desmethyleleutherobin,Desaetyleleutherobin, Isoeleutherobin A, and Z-Eleutherobin),Caribaeoside, Caribaeolin, Halichondrin B, D-64131 (Asta Medica),D-68144 (Asta Medica), Diazonamide A, A-293620 (Abbott), NPI-2350(Nereus), Taccalonolide A, TUB-245 (Aventis), A-259754 (Abbott),Diozostatin, (−)-Phenylahistin (also known as NSCL-96F037), D-68838(Asta Medica), D-68836 (Asta Medica), Myoseverin B, D-43411 (Zentaris,also known as D-81862), A-289099 (Abbott), A-318315 (Abbott), HTI-286(also known as SPA-110, trifluoroacetate salt) (Wyeth), D-82317(Zentaris), D-82318 (Zentaris), SC-12983 (NCI), Resverastatin phosphatesodium, BPR-OY-007 (National Health Research Institutes), and SSR-250411(Sanofi).

Where the subject is suffering from or at risk of suffering from athromboembolic disorder (e.g., stroke), the subject can be treated witha compound of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) in any combination with one ormore other anti-thromboembolic agents. Examples of anti-thromboembolicagents include, but are not limited any of the following: thrombolyticagents (e.g., alteplase anistreplase, streptokinase, urokinase, ortissue plasminogen activator), heparin, tinzaparin, warfarin, dabigatran(e.g., dabigatran etexilate), factor Xa inhibitors (e.g., fondaparinux,draparinux, rivaroxaban, DX-9065a, otamixaban, LY517717, or YM150),ticlopidine, clopidogrel, CS-747 (prasugrel, LY640315), ximelagatran, orBIBR 1048.

EXAMPLES

The following preparations of compounds of Formula (IA), (I′) or (I) andintermediates (References) are given to enable those skilled in the artto more clearly understand and to practice the present disclosure. Theyshould not be considered as limiting the scope of the disclosure, butmerely as being illustrative and representative thereof. The

line at the alkene carbon, in the compounds below denotes that thecompounds are isolated as an undefined mixture of (E) and (Z) isomers.

Example 1 Synthesis of(R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile

Step 1

A solution of 5-amino-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile (10 g, 92.51 mmol, 1.00equiv) in formamide (80 mL) was stirred under nitrogen at 165° C. for 5h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and the solid wascollected by filtration. The filter cake was washed first with 20 mL ofwater then 20 mL of methanol and dried to yield 9.5 g (76%) of1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine as a white solid.

Step 2

A mixture of 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine (150 g, 1.11 mol, 1.00equiv) and N-iodo-succinimide (375 g, 1.67 mol, 1.58 equiv) inN,N-dimethylformamide (2.5 L) was stirred at 80° C. for 5 h. Thereaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and then diluted with 10L of water. The solid was collected by filtration, washed with 2×1 L ofsaturated aqueous sodium sulfite and dried under vacuum to give 150 g(52%) of 3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine as a yellow solid.

Step 3

To a stirred mixture of 3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine (5.9g, 22.6 mmol, 1.00 equiv), (S)-tert-butyl3-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate (10 g, 50 mmol, 2.2 equiv) andtriphenylphosphine (11.8 g, 45 mmol, 2.0 equiv) in tetrahydrofuran (300mL) at 10° C. was added a solution of diisopropyl azodicarboxylate intetrahydrofuran (30 mL) dropwise in 30 min. The resulting mixture wasstirred at room temperature for 12 h and then concentrated under vacuum.The residue was purified on a silica gel column eluted withdichloromethane/methanol (100/1) to give 3 g (33%) of (R)-tert-butyl3-(4-amino-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylateas a yellow solid.

Step 4

A mixture of tert-butyl3-[4-amino-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylate(1 g, 2.25 mmol, 1.00 equiv), (4-phenoxyphenyl)boronic acid (530 mg,2.48 mmol, 1.10 equiv), sodium carbonate (480 mg, 4.53 mmol, 2.01 equiv)and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (78 mg, 0.07 mmol, 0.03 equiv)in 1,4-dioxane (60 mL) and water (15 mL) was stirred under nitrogen at90° C. for 24 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature andthen concentrated under vacuum. The residue was dissolved in 500 mL ofdichloromethane. The resulting solution was washed with 200 mL of water,dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. Theresidue was purified on a silica gel column eluted withdichloromethane/methanol (100/1) to give 700 mg (64%) of tert-butyl3-[4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylateas a yellow solid.

Step 5

A mixture of tert-butyl3-[4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylate(700 mg, 1.44 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (100 mL) andtrifluoroacetic acid (20 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 12 h.The reaction mixture was concentrated under vacuum to yield 580 mg ofcrude3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1-(piperidin-3-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amineas a yellow oil.

Step 6

A mixture of3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1-(piperidin-3-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine(580 mg, 1.50 mmol, 1.00 equiv), carbonyldiimidazole (365 mg, 2.25 mmol,1.50 equiv) and 2-cyanoacetic acid (190 mg, 2.24 mmol, 1.49 equiv) indichloromethane (100 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 24 h. Thereaction mixture was diluted with 100 mL of dichloromethane and washedwith 3×100 mL of saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution. Theorganic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentratedunder vacuum. The residue was purified on a silica gel column elutedwith dichloromethane/methanol (100/1) to give 380 mg (56%) of3-[3-[4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrileas a white solid.

Step 7

A mixture of3-[3-[4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrile(120 mg, 0.26 mmol, 1.00 equiv), piperidine (27 mg, 0.28 mmol, 1.07equiv) and cyclopropanecarbaldehyde (28 mg, 0.40 mmol, 1.51 equiv) inmethanol (8 mL) was stirred in sealed tube at room temperature for 24 h.The resulting mixture was concentrated under vacuum and the residue waspurified on a silica gel column eluted with dichloromethane/methanol(100/1) to give 85.4 mg (64%) of the title compound as a white solid. MS(ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 506 (M+1). ¹HNMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃, ppm) 8.392 (1H,s), 7.676˜7.581 (2H, t), 7.445˜7.393 (2H, t), 7.202˜7.097 (5H, m),6.601˜6.566 (1H, d, J=10.5), 5.737 (2H, s), 5.010˜4.912 (1H, m),4.691˜3.185 (4H, m), 2.464˜2.035 (5H, m), 1.275˜0.876 (4H, m).

Example 2 Synthesis of2-((R)-3-(4-amino-3-(4-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile

Step 1

A mixture of 3,4-dichlorophenol (38 g, 233.13 mmol, 1.00 equiv),1-fluoro-2-methoxy-4-nitrobenzene (40 g, 233.75 mmol, 1.00 equiv) andpotassium carbonate (64 g, 463.77 mmol, 1.99 equiv) inN,N-dimethylformamide (250 mL) was stirred overnight at 60° C. Theresulting solution was diluted with 1000 mL of water, extracted with3×200 mL of ethyl acetate and the organic layers combined. The resultingmixture was washed with 3×500 mL of brine. The mixture was dried overanhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum to yield 60 g(82%) of 1,2-dichloro-4-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenoxy)benzene as a brownsolid.

Step 2

A mixture of 1,2-dichloro-4-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenoxy)benzene (60 g,190.40 mmol, 1.00 equiv), Fe (53 g, 946.43 mmol, 4.97 equiv) andammonium chloride (10 g, 188.68 mmol, 0.99 equiv) intetrahydrofuran/water (1/2) (600 mL) was stirred overnight at 60° C.under an inert atmosphere of nitrogen. The mixture was filtered throughCelite and the filtrate was concentrated under vacuum. The resultingsolution was extracted with 3×500 mL of dichloromethane and the organiclayers combined. The resulting mixture was washed with 3×500 mL ofbrine. The mixture was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate andconcentrated under vacuum to give 40 g (74%) of4-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy)-3-methoxyaniline as a light gray solid.

Step 3

A solution of sodium nitrite (14.4 g, 208.70 mmol, 1.98 equiv) in water(500 mL) was added dropwise into a solution of4-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy)-3-methoxyaniline (30 g, 105.58 mmol, 1.00 equiv)in sulfuric acid (1000 mL) with stirring at 0° C. and the mixture wasstirred for 30 min at 0° C. The above mixture was added dropwise to asolution of potassium iodide (1000 mL, 5%) in water with stirring at 50°C. The reaction was completed immediately. The reaction mixture wascooled to room temperature, extracted with 3×500 mL of ethyl acetate andthe organic layers combined. The resulting mixture was washed with 3×500mL of saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate and 3×500 mL of brine. Themixture was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated undervacuum to give 24 g (crude) of1,2-dichloro-4-(4-iodo-2-methoxyphenoxy)benzene as red oil.

Step 4

A mixture of 1,2-dichloro-4-(4-iodo-2-methoxyphenoxy)benzene (93 g,235.43 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in 1,4-dioxane (500 mL), potassium acetate (46g, 469.39 mmol, 1.99 equiv),4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolane(89 g, 350.39 mmol, 1.49 equiv) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (4.65 g) was stirredovernight at 90° C. under an inert atmosphere of nitrogen. The reactionmixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated under vacuum.The residue was dissolved in 500 mL of ethyl acetate and washed with mLof water and brine. The mixture was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfateand concentrated under vacuum. The residue was applied onto a silica gelcolumn with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1/100) to yield 10 g (11%) of2-[4-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolaneas light yellow oil.

2-[4-(3,4-Dichlorophenoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanewas then covered to the title compound following the proceduresdescribed in Example 1, steps 4-7 above.

Example 3 Synthesis of(R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrile

A mixture of3-[3-[4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrile(150 mg, 0.33 mmol, 1.00 equiv), methanol (15 mL), dichloromethane (5mL), piperidine (56 mg, 0.66 mmol, 2 equiv) and pivalaldehyde (142 mg,1.66 mmol, 5 equiv) was stirred for 48 h at 30° C. in a 25-mL sealedtube. The resulting mixture was concentrated under vacuum. The residuewas applied onto a silica gel column with dichloromethane/methanol(100/1) to give 45 mg (26%) of(R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrileas a white solid. MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 522 (M+1) ¹HNMR (300 MHz,CDCl₃, ppm) 8.396 (1H, s), 7.684˜7.656 (2H, d, J=8.4), 7.440˜7.388 (2H,t), 7.222˜7.092 (5H, m), 6.956 (1H, s), 5.613 (2H, s), 5.006˜4.909 (1H,m), 4.626˜3.290 (4H, m), 2.419˜1.732 (4H, m), 1.275 (9H, s).

Example 4 Synthesis of2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrile

Synthesized as Examples 1 and 3 above but using tert-butyl2-(hydroxymethyl)-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate instead of(S)-tert-butyl-3-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate. MS (ESI, pos. ion)m/z: 522 (M+1).

Example 5 Synthesis of(N-((1r,4r)-4-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)cyclohexyl)-2-cyano-3-cyclopropylacrylamide

Synthesized as described in Examples 1 and 3 above except usingtert-butyl(1r,4r)-4-hydroxycyclohexylcarbamate instead of(S)-tert-butyl3-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate. MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z:536 (M+1).

Example 6 Synthesis of2-(4-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrile

Synthesized as described in Examples 1 and 3 above except using,tert-butyl-4-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate instead of(S)-tert-butyl3-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate. MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z:522 (M+1).

Example 8 Synthesis of(R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo-[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enenitrile

Synthesized as described in Examples 7 and 3 above using pivaldehydeinstead of cyclopropanecarbaldehyde. MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 620 (M+1).

Example 9 Synthesis of(R)—N-(4-(4-amino-1-(1-(2-cyano-3-cyclopropylacryloyl)piperidin-3-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)phenyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide

Step 1

A mixture of 3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine (5.9 g, 22.6mmol, 1.00 equiv), (S)-tert-butyl3-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate (10g, 50 mmol, 2.2 equiv), triphenylphosphine (11.8 g, 45 mmol, 2 equiv) intetrahydrofuran (300 mL) was stirred at 10° C. Diisopropylazodicarboxylate in tetrahydrofuran (30 mL) was dropped in the mixtureslowly in 30 min. The resulting mixture was stirred for 12 h at roomtemperature was and then concentrated under vacuum. The residue wasloaded onto a silica gel column and eluted with dichloromethane/methanol(100/1) to give 3 g (33%) of (R)-tert-butyl3-(4-amino-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylateas yellow solid. MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 445 (M+1).

Step 2

Into a 250-mL 3-necked round-bottom flask purged and maintained with aninert atmosphere of nitrogen, was placed (R)-tert-butyl3-[4-amino-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylate(2 g, 4.50 mmol, 1.00 equiv), 4-borono-benzenaminium chloride (0.934 g),Pd(PPh₃)₄ (0.312 g), ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (100 mL), sodiumcarbonate (1.194 g), and water (20 mL). The resulting solution wasstirred for 12 h at 80° C. in an oil bath. The resulting mixture wasconcentrated under vacuum and residue was loaded onto a silica gelcolumn and eluted with dichloromethane/methanol (50:1) to give 1.5 g(81%) of (R)-tert-butyl3-(4-amino-3-(4-aminophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylateas a brown solid. MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 410 (M+1)

Step 3

Into a 250-mL round-bottom flask, was placed (R)-tert-butyl3-[4-amino-3-(4-aminophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylate(1.0 g, 2.44 mmol, 1.00 equiv), HATU (0.746 g),4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid (374 mg, 1.97 mmol, 0.81 equiv),triethylamine (500 mg, 4.94 mmol, 2.02 equiv), and N,N-dimethylformamide(50 mL). The resulting solution was stirred for 5 h at 25° C. Theresulting mixture was quenched with water. The resulting solution wasextracted with ethyl acetate and washed with sodium chloride (sat). Theorganic layers dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and concentratedunder vacuum and residue was loaded onto a silica gel column and elutedwith dichloromethane/methanol (50:1 to give 1.15 g (81%) of tert-butyl3-[4-amino-3-(4-[[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene]amido]phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylateas a brown solid. MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 582 (M+1) Step 4

Into a 250-mL round-bottom flask, was placed (R)-tert-butyl3-[4-amino-3-(4-[[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene]amido]phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylate(1.1 g, 1.89 mmol, 1.00 equiv), and dichloromethane (100 mL). This wasfollowed by the addition of CF₃COOH (20 mL) dropwise with stirring at25° C. over 10 min. The resulting solution was stirred for 3 h at 25° C.The resulting mixture was concentrated under vacuum to give 0.829 g(91%) of(R)—N-[4-[4-amino-1-(piperidin-3-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl]phenyl]-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamideas brown oil. MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 382 (M+1)

Step 5

Into a 250-mL round-bottom flask, was placed(R)—N-[4-[4-amino-1-(piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl]phenyl]-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide(828 mg, 1.72 mmol, 1.00 equiv), 2-cyanoacetic acid (220 mg, 2.59 mmol,1.50 equiv), CDI (420 mg, 2.59 mmol, 1.51 equiv), in dichloromethane (80mL). The resulting solution was stirred for 12 h at 25° C. The resultingmixture was washed with NH₄Cl and concentrated under vacuum. The residuewas loaded onto a silica gel column and eluted withdichloromethane/methanol (50:1) to give 300 mg (32%) ofN-(4-[4-amino-1-[1-(2-cyanoacetyl)piperidin-4-yl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl]phenyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamideas a yellow solid. MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 549 (M+1)

Step 6

Into a 10-mL round-bottom flask, was placed(R)—N-(4-[4-amino-1-[1-(2-cyanoacetyl)piperidin-3-yl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl]phenyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)-benzamide(65 mg, 0.12 mmol, 1.00 equiv), cyclopropanecarbaldehyde (16.6 mg, 0.24mmol, 2.00 equiv), piperidine (10 mg, 0.12 mmol, 0.99 equiv), methanol(5 mL). The resulting solution was stirred for 12 h at 25° C. Theresulting mixture was concentrated under vacuum and the residue wasloaded onto a silica gel column and eluted with dichloromethane/methanol(50:1) to give 43 mg (60%) of(R)—N-[4-(4-amino-1-[1-[2-cyano-2-(cyclopropylmethylidene)acetyl]piperidin-3-yl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)phenyl]-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamideas a white solid. MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 601 (M+1), ¹HNMR (300 MHz,CDCl₃, ppm), 8.6 (1H, s), 8.348 (1Hs), 8.065˜8.038 (2H, d, J=8.1),7.880˜7.852 (1H, d, J=8.4), 7.768˜7.659 (4H, m), 6.532˜6.496 (1H,dJ=10.8), 5.949 (2H, s), 4.976˜4.907 (1H, m), 4.638˜3.218 (4H, m),2.436˜1.818 (5H, m), 1.221˜1.198 (2H, m), 0.89-0.772 (2H, m).

Example 10 Preparation of(R)—N-(4-(4-amino-1-(1-(2-cyano-4,4-dimethylpent-2-enoyl)piperidin-3-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)phenyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide

Into a 50-mL round-bottom flask, was placedN-(4-[4-amino-1-[1-(2-cyanoacetyl)-piperidin-3-yl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl]phenyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide(130 mg, 0.24 mmol, 1.00 equiv), 2,2-dimethylpropanal (2 mL), piperidine(1 mL), and methanol (30 mL). The resulting solution was stirred for 24h at 30° C. in an oil bath. The resulting mixture was concentrated undervacuum and residue was loaded onto a silica gel column and eluted withdichloromethane/methanol (50/1 to give 40 mg (27%) ofN-[4-(4-amino-1-[1-[2-cyano-2-(2,2-dimethylpropylidene)acetyl]piperidin-3-yl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)phenyl]-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamideas a white solid. MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 617 (M+1), ¹HNMR (300 MHz,CDCl₃, ppm), 8.364 (1H, s), 8.212 (1H, s), 8.086˜8.059 (2H, t),7.929˜7.901 (2H, d, J=8.4), 7.827˜7.800 (2H, d, J=8.1), 7.742˜7.715 (2H,d, J=8.1), 6.963 (1H, s), 6.3 (2H, s), 5.031˜4.934 (1H, m), 4.8-3.05(4H, m), 2.738˜2.067 (5H, m), 1.274 (9H, s).

Example 11 Synthesis of(R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile

Step 1

Into a 100-mL 3-necked round-bottom flask purged and maintained under aninert atmosphere of nitrogen, was placed tert-butyl(2R)-2-([4-amino-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate(300 mg, 0.68 mmol, 1.00 equiv), prepared as described in Example 1except in the Mitsunobu reaction using (R)-tert-butyl2-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate instead of (S)-tert-butyl3-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate,2-[4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane(254 mg, 0.81 mmol, 1.20 equiv), tetrakis(triphenylphosphane)palladium(47 mg, 0.04 mmol, 0.06 equiv), ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (50 mL),sodium carbonate (180 mg, 1.70 mmol, 2.50 equiv), and water (10 mL). Theresulting solution was stirred for 12 h at 80° C. in an oil bath. Theresulting mixture was concentrated under vacuum and extracted withdichloromethane. The organic layers were combined, dried andconcentrated under vacuum. The residue was loaded on a silica gel columnand eluted with dichloromethane/methanol (50/1) to give 0.27 g (79%) oftert-butyl(2R)-2-([4-amino-3-[4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylateas a brown solid.

Step 2

Into a 100-mL round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of tert-butyl(2R)-2-([4-amino-3-[4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate(270 mg, 0.54 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (50 mL). This wasfollowed by the addition of trifluoroacetic acid (10 mL) dropwise withstirring over 10 min. The resulting solution was stirred for 3 h at 25°C. The resulting mixture was concentrated under vacuum to give 0.216 g(crude) of3-[4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1-[(2R)-pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amineas brown oil.

Step 3

Into a 100-mL round-bottom flask, was placed3-[4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1-[(2R)-pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine(216 mg, 0.53 mmol, 1.00 equiv), 2-cyanoacetic acid (36.8 mg, 0.43 mmol,0.80 equiv), HATU (166 mg, 0.44 mmol, 0.80 equiv), triethylamine (109mg, 1.08 mmol, 2.00 equiv), N,N-dimethylformamide (50 mL). The resultingsolution was stirred for 3 h at 25° C. The resulting solution wasextracted with ethyl acetate and the organic layers combined andconcentrated under vacuum. The residue was loaded on a silica gel columnand eluted with dichloromethane methanol (50 1) to give 150 mg (60%) of3-[(2R)-2-([4-amino-3-[4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrileas a yellow solid.

Step 4

Into a 10-mL round-bottom flask, was placed3-[(2R)-2-([4-amino-3-[4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrile(150 mg, 0.32 mmol, 1.00 equiv), piperidine (27 mg, 0.32 mmol, 1.00equiv), cyclopropanecarbaldehyde (44.5 mg, 0.63 mmol, 2.00 equiv),methanol (5 mL). The resulting solution was stirred for 12 h at 25° C.and then concentrated under vacuum. The residue was loaded on a silicagel column and eluted with dichloromethane/methanol (50/1) to give 48.5mg (29%) of the title compound as a off-white solid. LC-MS: (ES, m/z):MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 524 (M+1). ¹H-NMR: (CDCl₃, ppm): ¹HNMR (300 MHz,CD₃OD, ppm), 8.253 (1H, s), 7.686˜7.749 (2H, t), 7.363˜7.440 (1H, t),7.185˜7.232 (2H, t), 6.833˜6.941 (3H, m), 6.450˜6.600 (1H, d),4.301˜4.555 (3H, m), 3.604˜3.638 (2H, m), 1.868˜2.005 (5H, m),1.200˜1.294 (3H, m), 0.798˜0.810 (2H, m).

Example 12 Synthesis of(R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile

Step 1

Into a 1 L, 2-necked round-bottom flask purged and maintained under aninert atmosphere of nitrogen, was placed3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine (10 g, 38.31 mmol, 1.00equiv), tert-butyl (2R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (15.4g, 76.52 mmol, 2.00 equiv), PPh₃ (20.1 g, 76.63 mmol, 2.00 equiv), andN,N-dimethylformamide (400 mL). DIAD (15.5 g, 76.65 mmol, 2.00 equiv)was added dropwise over 30 min. The resulting solution was stirred for12 h at 25° C. and then diluted with 1 L of water. The resultingsolution was extracted with ethyl acetate and the organic layerscombined and washed with brine. The mixture was dried over anhydroussodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum and the residue was placedon a silica gel column and eluted with chloroform/methanol (100/1) togive 1.2 g (6%) of tert-butyl(2R)-2-([4-amino-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylateas a off-white solid.

Step 2

Into a 500-mL 4-necked round-bottom flask, was placed a solution ofsodium hydride (4.05 g, 168.75 mmol, 1.70 equiv) inN,N-dimethylformamide (200 mL). A solution of 1-fluoro-4-nitrobenzene(14 g, 99.22 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in N,N-dimethylformamide (50 mL) wasadded dropwise with stirring at 0° C. over 20 min. The resultingsolution was stirred for 2 hr at room temperature. Cu₂Cl₂ (9.83 g,100.31 mmol, 1.01 equiv) was added and a solution of 2,6-difluorophenol(15.5 g, 119.15 mmol, 1.20 equiv) in N,N-dimethylformamide (50 mL) wasadded dropwise with stirring at 25° C. over 10 min. The resultingsolution was stirred for 12 h at 100° C. in an oil bath, diluted with500 mL of water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organiclayers were washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodiumsulfate and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was placed on asilica gel column and eluted with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1/8) togive 20 g (80%) of 1,3-difluoro-2-(4-nitrophenoxy)benzene as brown oil.

Step 3

Into a 500 mL, 3-necked round-bottom flask purged and maintained underan inert atmosphere of nitrogen, was placed a solution of1,3-difluoro-2-(4-nitrophenoxy)benzene (20 g, 79.62 mmol, 1.00 equiv) inmethanol (200 mL), Raney Nickel (2 g). A solution of hydrazine hydrate(12.67 g) in methanol (50 mL) was added dropwise with stirring in 15min. The resulting solution was stirred for 12 h at 25° C., thenfiltrated and the filtrate was concentrated under vacuum. The residuewas diluted with f ethyl acetate, washed with water and brine, and driedover anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum to give 16 g(91%) of 4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)aniline as black oil.

Step 4

Into a 250-mL 4-necked round-bottom flask, was placed4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)-aniline (8.84 g, 39.96 mmol, 1.00 equiv),hydrogen chloride (37%) (10.14 g, 277.81 mmol, 6.95 equiv) and water (20mL). NaNO₂ (3.04 g, 44.06 mmol, 1.10 equiv) in water (10 mL) was addeddropwise with stirring at 0° C. over 5 min., and the reaction mixturewas stirred for 30 mins at 0° C. The reaction mixture was added into asolution of NaI (18 g, 120.00 mmol, 3.00 equiv) in water (20 mL) at 25°C. in batches over 5 min. The resulting solution was stirred for 2 h at25° C. and then extracted with of ethyl acetate and the organic layerswere combined. The combined organic layers were washed with water andbrine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuumto give 10.2 g (77%) of 1,3-difluoro-2-(4-iodophenoxy)benzene as brownoil.

Step 5

Into a 100 mL 3-necked round-bottom flask purged and maintained in aninert atmosphere of nitrogen, was placed a solution of1,3-difluoro-2-(4-iodophenoxy)benzene (2 g, 6.02 mmol, 1.00 equiv) inN,N-dimethylformamide (50 mL),4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolane(1.68 g, 6.62 mmol, 1.10 equiv), potassium acetate (1.76 g, 17.93 mmol,3.0 equiv), and Pd(OAc)₂ (68 mg, 0.30 mmol, 0.05 equiv). The resultingsolution was stirred for 12 h at 85° C. in an oil bath. The reactionmixture was then quenched with water. The resulting solution wasextracted with ethyl acetate and the organic layers combined and washedwith water and brine. The organics were dried over anhydrous sodiumsulfate and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was loaded onto asilica gel column and eluted with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1/8) togive 1.5 g (75%) of2-[4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolaneas a light yellow solid.

Step 6

Into a 100 mL, 3-necked round-bottom flask purged and maintained in aninert atmosphere of nitrogen, was placed a solution of tert-butyl(2R)-2-([4-amino-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate(300 mg, 0.68 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in 1,4-dioxane/water (60/15 mL),2-[4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane(290 mg, 0.87 mmol, 1.3 equiv), sodium carbonate (180 mg, 1.68 mmol, 2.5equiv), and tetrakis(triphenylphosphane)palladium (40 mg, 0.03 mmol,0.05 equiv). The resulting solution was stirred for 12 h at 90° C. in anoil bath and then concentrated under vacuum. The resulting solution wasdiluted with 50 mL of dichloromethane, washed with water and brine. Theorganics were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated undervacuum. The residue was loaded onto a silica gel column and eluted withdichloromethane/methanol (20/1) to give 280 mg (79%) of tert-butyl(2R)-2-([4-amino-3-[4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylateas a white solid.

Step 7

Into a 50 mL round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of tert-butyl(2R)-2-([4-amino-3-[4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate(280 mg, 0.54 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (10 mL).Trifluoroacetic acid (2 mg, 0.02 mmol, 0.03 equiv) was added dropwisewith stirring at 25° C. The resulting solution was stirred for 3 h at25° C. and then concentrated under vacuum. The resulting solution wasdiluted with 50 mL of dichloromethane, washed with ethyl acetate andH₂O, brine and concentrated under vacuum to give 200 mg (88%) of3-[4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1-[(2R)-pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amineas a white solid.

Step 8

Into a 100 mL round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of3-[4-(2,6-difluoro-phenoxy)phenyl]-1-[(2R)-pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine(200 mg, 0.47 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (10 mL),2-cyanoacetic acid (121 mg, 1.42 mmol, 3.00 equiv), and1,1-carbonyldiimidazole (230 mg, 1.42 mmol, 3.00 equiv). The resultingsolution was stirred for 12 h at 25° C. and then washed with water andbrine. The mixture was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate andconcentrated under vacuum. The residue was loaded onto a silica gelcolumn and eluted with dichloromethane/methanol (50/1) to give 112 mg(48%) of3-[(2R)-2-([4-amino-3-[4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrileas a white solid.

Step 9

Into a 10 mL sealed tube, was placed a solution of3-[(2R)-2-([4-amino-3-[4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrile(100 mg, 0.20 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in methanol (3 mL),cyclopropanecarbaldehyde (1 mL), and piperidine (1 mL). The resultingsolution was stirred for 12 h at 25° C. and then concentrated undervacuum. The resulting solution was diluted with 10 mL ofdichloromethane, washed with saturated aqueous NH₄Cl, water and brine.The organics were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentratedunder vacuum and the residue was purified via column chromatograpy usingdichloromethane/methanol (20/1) to give 26 mg (23%) of the titlecompound as a white solid. LC-MS: (ES, m/z): 542 [M+H]. ¹H-NMR: (CDCl₃,ppm): δ8.38 (s, 1H); δ7.66 (d, 2H); δ7.26 (d, 1H); δ7.11 (d, 4H); δ6.77(d, 1H); δ5.51 (s, 2H); δ4.81 (m, 1H); δ4.65 (d, 2H); δ3.51˜δ3.70 (m,2H); δ1.91˜δ2.01 (m, 4H); δ1.81 (m, 1H); δ0.83-1.25 (m, 4H).

Example 13 Synthesis of(R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile

Step 1

Into a 250 mL round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of4-bromo-3-fluorophenol (5 g, 26.18 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane(100 mL), phenylboronic acid (3.5 g, 28.70 mmol, 1.10 equiv), Cu(AcO)₂(5.7 g), triethylamine (5.3 g), and 4A molecular sieves (15 g). Theresulting solution was stirred overnight at room temperature. The solidswere filtered out. The filtrate was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfateand concentrated under vacuum. The residue was loaded onto a silica gelcolumn and eluted with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1:100-1:50). Thisresulted in 2 g (29%) of 1-bromo-2-fluoro-4-phenoxybenzene as colorlessoil.

Step 2

Into a 100 mL 3-necked round-bottom flask purged and maintained under aninert atmosphere of nitrogen, was placed a solution of1-bromo-2-fluoro-4-phenoxybenzene (2 g, 7.49 mmol, 1.00 equiv) intetrahydrofuran (20 mL). BuLi (1M) (8 mL) was added dropwise withstirring at −70 to −80° C. The resulting solution was stirred for 30 minat −70-80° C. in a liquid nitrogen bath. Tris(propan-2-yl)borate (1.7 g,9.04 mmol, 1.21 equiv) was added dropwise with stirring at −70 to −80°C. The resulting solution was allowed to react, with stirring, for anadditional 2 h while the temperature was maintained at −70 to −80° C.The reaction was then quenched by the addition of 100 mL of water,extracted with ethyl acetate and the organic layers were combined anddried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. Theresidue was loaded onto a silica gel column and eluted with ethylacetate/petroleum ether (1:20) to give 1.6 g (92%) of(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-boronic acid as a white solid.

Step 3

Into a 100 mL, 3-necked round-bottom flask purged and maintained underan inert atmosphere of nitrogen, was placed tert-butyl(2R)-2-([4-amino-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate(380 mg, 0.86 mmol, 1.00 equiv), (2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)boronic acid(240 mg, 1.03 mmol, 1.20 equiv), tetrakis-(triphenylphosphane) palladium(60 mg, 0.05 mmol, 0.06 equiv), dioxane (50 mL), sodium carbonate (228mg, 2.15 mmol, 2.50 equiv) and water (10 mL). The resulting solution wasstirred for 12 h at 80° C. in an oil bath. The resulting mixture wasconcentrated under vacuum and the resulting solution was extracted withdichloromethane and the organic layers combined, dried and concentratedunder vacuum. The residue was loaded onto a silica gel column and elutedwith dichloromethane/methanol (50/1) to give 0.347 g (80%) of tert-butyl(2R)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylateas a brown solid.

Step 4

Into a 100 mL, round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of tert-butyl(2R)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate(347 mg, 0.69 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (50 mL).Trifluoroacetic acid (10 mL) dropwise with stirring over 10 min and theresulting solution was stirred for 3 h at 25° C. The resulting mixturewas concentrated under vacuum to give 0.278 g (crude) of3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1-[(2R)-pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amineas brown oil.

Step 5

Into a 100 mL round-bottom flask, was placed3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1-[(2R)-pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine(278 mg, 0.69 mmol, 1.00 equiv), 2-cyanoacetic acid (36.8 mg, 0.43 mmol,0.80 equiv), HATU (210 mg, 0.55 mmol, 0.80 equiv), triethylamine (109mg, 1.08 mmol, 2.00 equiv), and N,N-dimethylformamide (50 mL). Theresulting solution was stirred for 3 h at 25° C., then diluted with 200mL of water and extracted with ethyl acetate and the organic layerscombined, dried and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was loadedonto a silica gel column and eluted with dichloromethane/methanol (50/1)to give 200 mg (62%) of3-[(2R)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]pyrrolidin-1H-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrileas a yellow solid.

Step 6

Into a 10 mL round-bottom flask, was placed3-[(2R)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrile(100 mg, 0.21 mmol, 1.00 equiv), piperidine (18 mg, 0.21 mmol, 1.00equiv), cyclopropanecarbaldehyde (30 mg, 0.43 mmol, 2.00 equiv), andmethanol (5 mL). The resulting solution was stirred for 12 h at 25° C.and then concentrated under vacuum. The residue was loaded onto a silicagel column and eluted with dichloromethane/methanol (50/1) to give 38 mg(33%) of the title compound as a off-white solid.

LC-MS; (ES, m/z): MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 524 (M+1). ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃,ppm): ¹HNMR (300 MHz, CD₃Cl, ppm), 8.263 (1H, s), 7.444˜7.918 (3H, t),7.512˜7.284 (5H, t), 6.894˜6.981 (2H, m), 6.445˜6.610 (1H, d),4.574˜4.878 (3H, m), 3.604˜3.619 (2H, m), 1.945˜1.988 (5H, m),1.25-1.306 (3H, m), 0.736˜0.834 (2H, m).

Example 14 Synthesis of(R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile

Step 1

Into a 500 mL round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of(2,3-difluorophenyl)-boronic acid (30 g, 189.98 mmol, 1.00 equiv) indichloromethane (250 mL). H₂O₂ (30 mL) was added dropwise with stirring.The resulting solution was stirred for 2 h at 25° C. The resultingmixture was washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous magnesiumsulfate and concentrated under vacuum to give 23 g (93%) of2,3-difluorophenol as brown oil.

Step 2

Into a 500 mL, 4-necked round-bottom flask purged and maintained underan inert atmosphere of nitrogen, was placed a solution of sodium hydride(6.8 g, 170.00 mmol, 1.70 equiv, 60%) in N,N-dimethylformamide (200 mL).A solution of 1-fluoro-4-nitrobenzene (14.1 g, 99.93 mmol, 1.00 equiv)in N,N-dimethylformamide (50 mL) was added dropwise with stirring at 0°C. in 15 min. The resulting solution was stirred for 2 h at roomtemperature. CuCl (10 g, 101.01 mmol, 1.00 equiv) was added and asolution of 2,3-difluorophenol (15.6 g, 119.91 mmol, 1.20 equiv) inN,N-dimethylformamide (50 mL) was added dropwise with stirring. Theresulting solution was allowed to react, with stirring, for anadditional 12 h while the temperature was maintained at 100° C. in anoil bath. The resulting solution was extracted with ether and theorganic layers combined. The organic layers was washed with water andbrine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated undervacuum. The residue was loaded onto a silica gel column and eluted withethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1:8) to give 21.2 g (84%) of1,2-difluoro-3-(4-nitrophenoxy)benzene as a brown solid.

Step 3

Into a 500 mL, 3-necked round-bottom flask purged and maintained underan inert atmosphere of nitrogen, was placed a solution of1,2-difluoro-3-(4-nitrophenoxy)benzene (21.2 g, 84.40 mmol, 1.00 equiv)in methanol (200 mL), and Raney Nickel (2 g). A solution of hydrazinehydrate (12.67 g, 3.00 equiv) in methanol (50 mL) was added dropwisewith stirring in 15 min. The resulting solution was stirred for 12 h at25° C. The solids were filtered out and the filtrate was concentratedunder vacuum. The residue was diluted with 200 mL of ethyl acetate andwashed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate andconcentrated under vacuum to give 16.3 g (87%) of4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)aniline as black oil.

Step 4

Into a 250-mL 4-necked round-bottom flask, was placed4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-aniline (8.84 g, 39.96 mmol, 1.00 equiv),hydrogen chloride (10.14 g, 100.01 mmol, 2.50 equiv), and water (20 mL).A solution of NaNO₂ (3.04 g, 44.06 mmol, 1.10 equiv) in water (10 mL)was added dropwise with stirring in portions at 0° C. The mixture wasstirred at 0° C. for half an hour. To this was added urea (1 g, 16.65mmol). The mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 20 min and poured into thesolution of NaI (18 g, 120.00 mmol, 3.00 equiv) in water (20 mL) at roomtemperature. The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for1 h and then extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layers combinedand dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum togive 10.5 g (79%) of 1,2-difluoro-3-(4-iodophenoxy)benzene as brown oil.

Step 5

Into a 100 mL, 3-necked round-bottom flask purged and maintained underan inert atmosphere of nitrogen, was placed a solution of1,2-difluoro-3-(4-iodophenoxy)benzene (2 g, 6.02 mmol, 1.00 equiv) inN,N-dimethylformamide (50 mL),4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolane(1.68 g, 6.62 mmol, 1.10 equiv), potassium acetate (68 mg, 0.69 mmol,0.05 equiv), and Pd(OAc)₂ (1.76 g, 7.84 mmol, 3.00 equiv). The resultingsolution was stirred for 12 h at 85° C. in an oil bath. The reaction wasthen diluted with water, extracted with ethyl acetate and the organiclayers were combined. The organics were washed with water and brine,dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. Theresidue was loaded onto a silica gel column and eluted with ethylacetate/petroleum ether (1/8) to give 1.5 g (75%) of2-[4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolaneas a light yellow solid.

Step 6

Into a 100 mL, 3-necked round-bottom flask purged and maintained underan inert atmosphere of nitrogen, was placed tert-butyl(2R)-2-([4-amino-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate(300 mg, 0.68 mmol, 1.00 equiv), a solution of2-[4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane(290 mg, 0.87 mmol, 1.10 equiv) in dioxane (9 mL),tetrakis(triphenylphosphane)-palladium (40 mg, 0.03 mmol, 0.05 equiv),and a solution of sodium carbonate (179 mg, 1.67 mmol, 2.50 equiv) inwater (3 mL). The resulting solution was stirred for 12 h at 100° C. inan oil bath. The resulting mixture was concentrated under vacuum, andthe solution was diluted with ethyl acetate. The resulting mixture waswashed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate andconcentrated under vacuum. The residue was loaded onto a silica gelcolumn and eluted with dichloromethane/methanol (20/1) to give 250 mg(71%) of tert-butyl(2R)-2-([4-amino-3-[4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylateas a white solid.

Step 7

Into a 100 mL, round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of tert-butyl(2R)-2-([4-amino-3-[4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate(350 mg, 0.67 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (10 mL).Trifluoroacetic acid (2 mL) dropwise with stirring and the resultingsolution was stirred for 3 h at 25° C. The resulting mixture wasconcentrated under vacuum to give 200 mg (46%) of3-[4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1-[(2R)-pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-aminebis(trifluoroacetic acid) salt as a brown solid.

Step 8

Into a 100 mL, round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of3-[4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1-[(2R)-pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-aminebis(trifluoroacetic acid) salt (200 mg, 0.31 mmol, 1.00 equiv) indichloromethane (10 mL), CDI (324 mg, 2.00 mmol, 6.50 equiv), and2-cyanoacetic acid (170 mg, 2.00 mmol, 6.50 equiv). The resultingsolution was stirred for 12 h at 25° C. and the resulting mixture waswashed with water and brine. The organics were dried over anhydrousmagnesium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was loadedonto a silica gel column and eluted with dichloromethane/methanol (20/1)to give 109 mg (72%) of3-[(2R)-2-([4-amino-3-[4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrileas a white solid.

Step 9

Into a 50 mL, round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of3-[(2R)-2-([4-amino-3-[4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrile(109 mg, 0.22 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in methanol (10 mL),cyclopropanecarbaldehyde (1 mL), and piperidine (1 mL). The resultingsolution was stirred for 12 h at 25° C. and then concentrated undervacuum. The resulting solution was diluted with ethyl acetate and theresulting mixture was washed with water and brine. The organics weredried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. Theresidue was loaded onto a silica gel column and eluted withdichloromethane/methanol (20/1) to give 32 mg (25%) of the titlecompound as a white solid. LC-MS: (ES, m/z): 542 [M+H]⁺. ¹H-NMR: (300MHz, CDCl₃, ppm): δ 8.38 (s, 1H), 7.74 (d, 2H), 7.18 (d, 2H), 7.08 (m,2H), 6.92 (m, 1H), 6.81 (d, 1H), 5.54 (s, 2H), 4.82 (m, 1H), 4.68 (m,2H), 3.65 (m, 1H), 3.51 (m, 1H), 2.02 (m, 3H), 1.20 (m, 3H), 0.88 (m,3H).

Example 15 Synthesis of(R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile

Step 1

Into a 250-mL round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of4-(tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenol (5 g, 22.72 mmol, 1.00equiv) in dichloromethane (100 mL), (3,5-difluorophenyl)boronic acid (4g, 25.33 mmol, 1.11 equiv), Cu(AcO)₂ (5 g), 4A molecular sieves (15 g),triethylamine (4.6 g). The resulting solution was stirred for overnightat room temperature. The solids were filtered out. The filtrate wasdried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. Theresidue was applied onto a silica gel column with ethylacetate/petroleum ether (1:100-1:50). This resulted in 2 g (27%) of2-[4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolaneas a colorless oil.

Step 2

Into a 100 mL, 3-necked round-bottom flask purged and maintained with aninert atmosphere of nitrogen, was placed tert-butyl(2R)-2-([4-amino-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate(250 mg, 0.56 mmol, 1.00 equiv),2-[4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane(226 mg, 0.68 mmol, 1.20 equiv), tetrakis(triphenylphosphane)palladium(39 mg, 0.03 mmol, 0.06 equiv), dioxane (50 mL), sodium carbonate (149mg, 1.41 mmol, 2.50 equiv), and water (10 mL). The resulting solutionwas stirred for 12 h at 80° C. in an oil bath and then concentratedunder vacuum. The resulting solution was extracted with dichloromethaneand the organic layers combined, dried and concentrated under vacuum.The residue was loaded onto a silica gel column and eluted withdichloromethane/methanol (50/1) to give 0.237 g (81%) of tert-butyl(2R)-2-([4-amino-3-[4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylateas a brown solid.

Step 3

Into a 100 mL, round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of tert-butyl(2R)-2-([4-amino-3-[4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate(230 mg, 0.44 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (50 mL). This wasfollowed by the addition of trifluoroacetic acid (10 mL) dropwise withstirring over 10 min. The resulting solution was stirred for 3 h at 25°C. The resulting mixture was concentrated under vacuum to give 0.185 g(crude) of3-[4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1-[(2R)-pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amineas a brown oil.

Step 4

Into a 100 mL, round-bottom flask, was placed3-[4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1-[(2R)-pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine(185 mg, 0.44 mmol, 1.00 equiv), 2-cyanoacetic acid (30.7 mg, 0.36 mmol,0.80 equiv), HATU (138 mg, 0.36 mmol, 0.80 equiv), triethylamine (91 mg,0.90 mmol, 2.00 equiv), and N,N-dimethylformamide (50 mL). The resultingsolution was stirred for 3 h at 25° C. and then extracted with ethylacetate and the organic layers combined and concentrated under vacuum.The residue was loaded onto a silica gel column and eluted withdichloromethane/methanol (50/1) to give 101 mg (47%) of3-[(2R)-2-([4-amino-3-[4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrileas a off-white solid.

Step 5

Into a 10-mL round-bottom flask, was placed cyclopropanecarbaldehyde(28.7 mg, 0.41 mmol, 2.00 equiv), piperidine (17.4 mg, 0.20 mmol, 1.00equiv),3-[(2R)-2-([4-amino-3-[4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrile(100 mg, 0.20 mmol, 1.00 equiv), and methanol (5 mL). The resultingsolution was stirred for 12 h at 25° C. and then concentrated undervacuum. The residue was loaded onto a silica gel column and eluted withdichloromethane/methanol (50/1) to give 53.12 mg (45%) of the titlecompound as an off-white solid. LC-MS: (ES, m/z): MS (ESI, pos. ion)m/z: 541 (M+1). ¹H-NMR: (CDCl₃, ppm): ¹HNMR (300 MHz, CD₃OD, ppm), 8.283(1H, s), 7.777˜7.806 (2H, t), 7.269˜7.298 (2H, t), 6.703˜6.754 (3H, t),6.455˜6.600 (1H, d), 4.400˜4.878 (3H, m), 3.338˜3.618 (2H, m),1.700˜2.188 (4H, m), 1.280˜1.305 (4H, m), 0.710˜0.912 (2H, m).

Example 16 Synthesis of(R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2-fluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile

Step 1

Into a 100 mL, 3-necked round-bottom flask purged and maintained with aninert atmosphere of nitrogen, was placed a solution of tert-butyl(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylate(300 mg, 0.68 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dioxane/H₂O (7/3=V/V) (30 mL),[4-(2-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]boronic acid (500 mg, 2.16 mmol, 6.99 equiv),sodium carbonate (200 mg, 1.89 mmol, 0.26 equiv), and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (500 mg,0.43 mmol, 3.19 equiv). The resulting solution was stirred overnight at100° C. in an oil bath an then concentrated under vacuum. The residuewas loaded onto a silica gel column and eluted withdichloromethane/methanol (100:1) to give 0.2 g (59%) of tert-butyl(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-[4-(2-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylateas a light yellow solid.

Step 2

Into a 100 mL, round-bottom flask purged and maintained under an inertatmosphere of nitrogen, was placed a solution of tert-butyl(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-[4-(2-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylate(200 mg, 0.40 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (20 mL), andtrifluoroacetic acid (10 g, 87.70 mmol, 221.25 equiv). The resultingsolution was stirred overnight at room temperature and then concentratedunder vacuum. The pH value of the solution was adjusted to 8-10 with 10%aqueous sodium carbonate. The solution was extracted withdichloromethane and the organic layers were combined and dried overanhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum to give 0.1 g(62%) of3-[4-(2-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1-((3R)-piperidin-3-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amineas a light yellow solid.

Step 3

Into a 50 mL round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of3-[4-(2-fluorophenoxy)-phenyl]-1-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine(100 mg, 0.25 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (10 mL),1-[(1H-imidazol-1-yl)carbonyl]-1H-imidazole (60 mg, 0.37 mmol, 1.50equiv), and 2-cyanoacetic acid (110 mg, 1.29 mmol, 5.23 equiv). Theresulting solution was stirred for 60 min at room temperature and thenconcentrated under vacuum. The residue was loaded onto a silica gelcolumn and eluted with dichloromethane/methanol (100:1) to give 0.06 g(51%) of3-[(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-[4-(2-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrileas a light yellow solid.

Step 4

Into a 10 mL round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of3-[(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-[4-(2-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrile(60 mg, 0.13 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in methanol (10 mL),cyclopropanecarbaldehyde (50 mg, 0.71 mmol, 5.61 equiv), and piperidine(70 mg, 0.82 mmol, 6.46 equiv). The resulting solution was stirred for30 min at room temperature and then concentrated under vacuum. Theresidue was loaded onto a silica gel column and eluted withdichloromethane/methanol (100:1) to give 0.015 g (23%) of the titlecompound as an off-white solid. LC-MS0: (ES, m/z): 524 [M+H]⁺. ¹H-NMR(CD₃OD, ppm) 8.270 (1H, s), 7.711 (2H, d), 7.316˜7.242 (4H, m), 7.149(2H, d), 6.450 (1H, d), 4.872 (1H, s), 4.192 (1H, s), 3.966 (2H, d),3.556˜3.488 (1H, m), 2.392˜2.363 (1H, m), 2.253˜2.209 (2H, m), 1.951(1H, s).; 1.306˜1.181 (3H, m); 0.918˜0.793 (2H, m)

Example 17 Synthesis of(R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile

Step 1

Into a 250 mL round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of4-(tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenol (5 g, 22.72 mmol, 1.00equiv) in dichloromethane (100 mL), (3-fluorophenyl)boronic acid (3.5 g,25.01 mmol, 1.10 equiv), Cu(AcO)₂ (5 g), 4A molecular sieves (15 g), andtriethylamine (4.6 g). The resulting solution was stirred overnight atroom temperature. The solids were filtered out and the filtrate wasdried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. Theresidue was loaded onto a silica gel column and eluted with ethylacetate/petroleum ether (1:100-1:50) to give 1.8 g (25%) of2-[4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane asa colorless oil.

Step 2

Into a 100 mL 3-necked round-bottom flask purged and maintained with aninert atmosphere of nitrogen, was placed tert-butyl(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylate(300 mg, 0.68 mmol, 1.00 equiv),2-[4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane(255 mg, 0.81 mmol, 1.20 equiv), sodium carbonate (143 g, 1.35 mol,1998.01 equiv), ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (50 mL), water (15 mL),and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (40 mg, 0.03 mmol, 0.05 equiv). The resulting solution wasstirred overnight at 80° C. and then concentrated under vacuum. Theresidue was loaded onto a silica gel column and eluted withdichloromethane/methanol (100/1) to give 260 mg (76%) of tert-butyl(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-[4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylateas a yellow solid.

Step 3

Into a 100 mL round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of tert-butyl(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-[4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylate(260 mg, 0.52 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (50 mL).Trifluoroacetic acid (10 mL) was added dropwise with stirring. Theresulting solution was stirred for 12 h at room temperature and thenconcentrated under vacuum. The residue was diluted with 20 mL of water.The pH value of the solution was adjusted to >7 with sodium carbonate.The resulting solution was extracted with dichloromethane and theorganic layers combined and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate andconcentrated under vacuum to give 180 mg (86%) of3-[4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amineas a brown solid.

Step 4

Into a 100 mL round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of3-[4-(3-fluorophenoxy)-phenyl]-1-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine(180 mg, 0.45 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (50 mL),2-cyanoacetic acid (56 mg, 0.66 mmol, 1.50 equiv), and1-[(1H-imidazol-1-yl)carbonyl]-1H-imidazole (108 mg, 0.67 mmol, 1.50equiv). The resulting solution was stirred for 24 h at room temperatureand then diluted with 100 mL dichloromethane. The resulting mixture waswashed NH₄Cl, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated undervacuum. The residue was loaded onto a silica gel column and eluted withdichloromethane/methanol (100:1) to give 120 mg (57%) of3-[(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-[4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrileas a white solid.

Step 5

Into a 50 mL round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of3-[(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-[4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrile(120 mg, 0.25 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in methanol (20 mL),cyclopropanecarbaldehyde (54 mg, 0.77 mmol, 3.00 equiv), piperidine (11mg, 0.13 mmol, 0.50 equiv), and dichloromethane (5 mL). The resultingsolution was stirred for 12 h at room temperature and then concentratedunder vacuum. The residue was loaded onto a silica gel column and elutedwith dichloromethane/methanol (100:1) to give 36 mg (27%) of the titlecompounds as a white solid. LC-MS: (ES, m/z): 524 [M+H]⁺. ¹H-NMR: (300MHz, CDCl₃, ppm) 8.396 (1H, s), 7.721˜7.674 (2H, m), 7.393˜7.316 (1H,m), 7.237˜7.191 (2H, m), 6.923˜6.786 (3H, m), 6.607˜6.570 (1H, d,J=11.1), 5.795 (2H, s), 5.018˜4.919 (1H, m), 4.8-3.1 (4H, m),2.465˜2.269 (5H, m), 1.274 (2H, m), 0.887 (2H, m).

Example 18 Synthesis of(R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile

Step 1

Into a 500-mL round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of tert-butyl(3S)-3-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate (10 g, 49.69 mmol, 1.00 equiv) inpyridine (200 mL). 4-Methylbenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (28.5 g, 149.49mmol, 3.0 equiv) was added dropwise with stirring at 0° C. in 30 min.The resulting solution was stirred for 5 h at 25° C. and thenconcentrated under vacuum. The residue was diluted with 200 mL of ethylacetate. The pH value of the solution was adjusted to 3 with hydrogenchloride (1M) and the resulting mixture was washed with sodiumbicarbonate and water. The organics were washed with brine, dried overanhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum to give 15 g(85%) of tert-butyl(3S)-3-[[(4-methylbenzene)sulfonyl]oxy]piperidine-1-carboxylate as alight yellow solid.

Step 2

Into a 1000 mL 3-necked round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine (6 g, 22.99 mmol, 1.00 equiv)in N,N-dimethylformamide (500 mL), tert-butyl(3S)-3-[[(4-methylbenzene)sulfonyl]oxy]piperidine-1-carboxylate (9.8 g,27.57 mmol, 1.20 equiv), and cesium carbonate (13.3 g, 40.82 mmol, 1.78equiv). The resulting solution was stirred for 12 h at 60° C. in an oilbath and then quenched by the addition of 1500 mL of water. Theresulting solution was extracted with dichloromethane and the organiclayers combined. The organics were washed with brine, dried overanhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. The residue wasloaded onto a silica gel column and elution with ethyl acetate/petroleumether (60%) gave 2.8 g (27%) of tert-butyl(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylate(96.5%, e.e.) as a off-white solid.

Step 3

Into a 250 mL 3-necked round-bottom flask purged and maintained under aninert atmosphere of nitrogen, was placed a solution of tert-butyl(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylate(500 mg, 1.13 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in 1,4-dioxane/H₂O (100/30 mL),2-[4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane(420 mg, 1.26 mmol, 1.1 equiv), sodium carbonate (240 mg, 2.26 mmol, 2.0equiv), and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (65 mg, 0.06 mmol, 0.05 equiv). The resultingsolution was stirred for 12 h at 90° C. in an oil bath. The resultingmixture was concentrated under vacuum and the residue was diluted withwater. The resulting solution was extracted with dichloromethane and theorganic layers were combined, washed with brine and filtered. Thefiltrate was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated undervacuum. The residue was loaded onto a silica gel column and elution withdichloromethane/methanol (10/1) gave 480 mg (82%) of tert-butyl(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-[4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylateas a white solid.

Step 4

Into a 100 mL round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of tert-butyl(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-[4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylate(450 mg, 0.86 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (40 mL) and CF₃COOH(10 mL). The resulting solution was stirred for 3 h at 25° C. and thenconcentrated under vacuum. The resulting solution was diluted with 50 mLof dichloromethane and washed with aqueous sodium bicarbonate and brine.The organics were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentratedunder vacuum to give 400 mg (crude) of3-[4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amineas a white solid.

Step 5

Into a 100 mL round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of3-[4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-phenyl]-1-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine(300 mg, 0.71 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (30 mL), HATU (400mg, 1.05 mmol, 1.5 equiv), triethylamine (220 mg, 2.17 mmol, 3.0 equiv),and 2-cyanoacetic acid (90 mg, 1.06 mmol, 1.5 equiv). The resultingsolution was stirred for 10 h at 25° C. and then washed with water andbrine. The organics were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate andconcentrated. The residue was loaded onto a silica gel column andelution with dichloromethane/methanol (10/1) gave 240 mg (69%) of3-[(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-[4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrileas a white solid.

Step 6

Into a 10 mL sealed tube, was placed a solution of3-[(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-[4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrile(150 mg, 0.31 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in methanol (5 mL),cyclopropanecarbaldehyde (64 mg, 0.91 mmol, 3.0 equiv), and piperidine(78 mg). The resulting solution was stirred for 12 h at 25° C. and thenconcentrated under vacuum. The residue was diluted with 10 mL ofdichloromethane and the resulting mixture was washed with saturatedaqueous ammonium chloride, water and brine and dried over anhydroussodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was loaded onto a silicagel column and elution with dichloromethane/methanol (20/1) gave 28.5 mg(17%) of the title compound as a white solid. LC-MS: (ES, m/z): 542[M+H]⁺, ¹H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃, ppm): δ 8.54 (s, 1H); δ7.68 (d, 2H);δ7.20 (d, 2H); δ7.16 (d, 2H); δ6.95 (m, 1H); δ6.55 (d, 1H); δ5.52 (s,2H); δ6.98 (m, 1H); δ4.76 (m, 1H); δ4.34 (m, 1H); δ3.82 (m, 1H); δ3.23(m, 1H); δ2.01˜δ2.42 (m, 4H); δ1.88 (m, 1H); δ0.85˜δ1.21 (m, 4H).

Example 19 Synthesis of(R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile

Step 1

Into a 250 mL 3-necked round-bottom flask purged and maintained under aninert atmosphere of nitrogen, was placed a solution of tert-butyl(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylate(500 mg, 1.13 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in 1,4-dioxane/H₂O (100/30 mL),2-[4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane(420 mg, 1.26 mmol, 1.1 equiv), sodium carbonate (240 mg, 2.26 mmol, 2.0equiv), and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (65 mg, 0.06 mmol, 0.05 equiv). The resultingsolution was stirred for 15 h at 90° C. in an oil bath and thenconcentrated under vacuum. The residue was diluted with water andextracted with dichloromethane and the organic layers combined. Theorganics were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate andconcentrated. The residue was loaded onto a silica gel column and elutedwith dichloromethane/methanol (10/1) to give 500 mg (85%) of tert-butyl(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-[4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)-phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylateas a white solid.

Step 2

Into a 100 mL round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of tert-butyl(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-[4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylate(450 mg, 0.86 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (40 mL). CF₃COOH (10mL) to added dropwise with stirring at 25° C. over 10 min and theresulting solution was stirred for 3 h at 25° C. and then concentratedunder vacuum. The resulting solution was diluted with dichloromethaneand washed with aqueous sodium bicarbonate and brine. The organics weredried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum togive 410 mg of3-[4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amineas a white solid.

Step 3

Into a 100 mL round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of3-[4-(2,6-difluoro-phenoxy)phenyl]-1-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine(300 mg, 0.71 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (30 mL),triethylamine (220 mg, 2.17 mmol, 3.0 equiv), HATU (400 mg, 1.05 mmol,1.5 equiv), and 2-cyanoacetic acid (90 mg, 1.06 mmol, 1.5 equiv). Theresulting solution was stirred for 10 h at 25° C., then washed withwater and brine. The organics were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfateand concentrated. The residue was loaded onto a silica gel column andeluted with dichloromethane/methanol (10/1) to give. 230 mg (60%) of3-[(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-[4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrileas a white solid.

Step 4

Into a 10 mL sealed tube, was placed a solution of3-[(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-[4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrile(150 mg, 0.31 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in methanol (5 mL), piperidine (78 mg,0.92 mmol, 3.0 equiv), and cyclopropanecarbaldehyde (64 mg, 0.91 mmol,3.0 equiv). The resulting solution was stirred for 12 h at 25° C. andthen concentrated under vacuum. The residue was diluted with 10 mL ofdichloromethane, and the solution was washed with saturated aqueousammonium chloride, water and brine. The organics were dried overanhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was loaded onto asilica gel column and eluted with dichloromethane/methanol (20/1) togive 36 mg (21%) of2-[[(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-[4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidin-1-yl]carbonyl]-3-cyclopropylprop-2-enenitrileas a white solid.

LC-MS: (ES, m/z): 542 [M+H]. ¹H-NMR: (CDCl₃, ppm): δ8.27 (s, 1H); δ7.82(d, 2H); δ7.41 (m, 1H); δ7.21 (d, 2H); δ7.11 (d, 1H); δ6.42 (d, 1H);δ4.94 (m, 1H); δ4.21 (m, 1H); δ3.92 (m, 2H); δ3.55 (m, 1H); δ2.01-2.29(m, 4H); δ1.94 (m, 2H); δ0.83-1.31 (m, 4H).

Example 20 Synthesis of(R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile

Step 1

Into a 100 mL 3-necked round-bottom flask purged and maintained under aninert atmosphere of nitrogen, was placed tert-butyl(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylate(400 mg, 0.90 mmol, 1.00 equiv),2-[4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane(360 mg, 1.08 mmol, 1.20 equiv), sodium carbonate (190 mg, 1.79 mmol,1.99 equiv), ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (50 mL), water (15 mL), andPd(PPh3)4 (52 mg, 0.04 mmol, 0.05 equiv). The resulting solution wasstirred for 12 h at 80° C. and then concentrated under vacuum. Theresidue was loaded onto a silica gel column and eluted withdichloromethane/methanol (100/1) to give 340 mg (72%) of tert-butyl(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-[4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylateas a yellow solid.

Step 2

Into a 100 mL round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of tert-butyl(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-[4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylate(340 mg, 0.65 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (50 mL), followed bythe addition of trifluoroacetic acid (10 mL) dropwise with stirring. Theresulting solution was stirred for 12 h at room temperature and thenconcentrated under vacuum. The resulting solution was diluted with 20 mLof water. The pH value of the solution was adjusted to >7 with sodiumcarbonate and then extracted with dichloromethane and the organic layerscombined and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated undervacuum to give 210 mg (76%) of3-[4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amineas a brown solid.

Step 3

Into a 100-mL round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of3-[4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine(210 mg, 0.50 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (50 mL),2-cyanoacetic acid (63 mg, 0.74 mmol, 1.50 equiv), and1-[(1H-imidazol-1-yl)carbonyl]-1H-imidazole (120 mg, 0.74 mmol, 1.50equiv). The resulting solution was stirred for 24 h at room temperatureand then diluted with dichloromethane. The resulting mixture was washedwith NH₄Cl and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentratedunder vacuum. The residue was loaded onto a silica gel column and elutedwith dichloromethane/methanol (100:1) to give 150 mg (62%) of3-[(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-[4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrileas a white solid.

Step 4

Into a 50 mL round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of3-[(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-[4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrile(150 mg, 0.31 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in methanol (20 mL),cyclopropanecarbaldehyde (64 mg, 0.91 mmol, 3.00 equiv), piperidine (13mg, 0.15 mmol, 0.50 equiv), and dichloromethane (5 mL). The resultingsolution was stirred for 12 h at room temperature and then concentratedunder vacuum. The residue was loaded onto a silica gel column and elutedwith dichloromethane/methanol (100:1) to give 70 mg (42%) of the titlecompound as a white solid. LC-MS: (ES, m/z): 542 [M+H]⁺. ¹HNMR (300 MHz,CDCl₃, ppm) 8.405 (1H, s), 7.762˜7.715 (2H, m), 7.282˜7.223 (2H, m),6.656˜6.575 (4H, m), 6.696 (2H, s), 5.022˜4.924 (1H, m), 4.8-2.9 (4H,m), 2.424˜2.301 (2H, m), 2.271˜2.259 (3H, d), 1.295˜1.228 (2H, t),0.903˜0.892 (2H, d).

Example 21 Synthesis of(R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile

Step 1

Into a 500 mL 3-necked round-bottom flask, was placed a solution ofsodium hydride (3.9 g, 162.50 mmol, 1.7 equiv) in N,N-dimethylformamide(200 mL). This was followed by the addition of a solution of1-fluoro-4-nitrobenzene (13.6 g, 96.39 mmol, 1.00 equiv) inN,N-dimethylformamide (50 mL) dropwise with stirring at 0° C. over 20min. The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 hr at 25° C. and then CuCl(9.6 g, 96.97 mmol, 1.0 equiv) was added, followed by addition of asolution of 2,5-difluorophenol (15.5 g, 119.15 mmol, 1.2 equiv) inN,N-dimethylformamide (50 mL) dropwise with stirring at 25° C. over 10min. The resulting solution was stirred for 12 h at 100° C. in an oilbath and then diluted with water and washed with ether, water and brine.The reaction mixture was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate andconcentrated. The residue was loaded onto a silica gel column and elutedwith ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1/8) to give 19.5 g (81%) of1,4-difluoro-2-(4-nitrophenoxy)benzene as a brown solid,

Step 2

Into a 500 mL 3-necked round-bottom flask purged and maintained under aninert atmosphere of nitrogen, was placed a solution of1,4-difluoro-2-(4-nitrophenoxy)benzene (19.5 g, 77.63 mmol, 1.00 equiv)in methanol (200 mL), and Raney Nickel (2 g). This was followed by theaddition of a solution of hydrazine hydrate (11.66 g) in methanol (50mL) dropwise with stirring at 25° C. over 15 min. The resulting solutionwas stirred for 12 h at 25° C. and then filtrated and the filtrate wasconcentrated under vacuum. The residue was diluted with ethyl acetate,washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate andconcentrated under vacuum to give 16 g (93%) of4-(2,5-difluorophenoxy)aniline as black oil.

Step 3

Into a 250 mL 4-necked round-bottom flask, was placed4-(2,5-difluorophenoxy)-aniline (9 g, 40.69 mmol, 1.00 equiv), hydrogenchloride (37%) (10.2 g, 100 mmol, 2.5 equiv) and water (20 mL). Asolution of NaNO₂ (3.1 g, 44.93 mmol, 1.10 equiv) in water (10 mL) wasadded dropwise with stirring at 0° C. over 5 min. After stirring at 0°C. for 30 min., the mixture was added into a solution of NaI (18 g,120.00 mmol, 3.0 equiv) in water (20 mL) dropwise with stirring at 25°C. The resulting solution was stirred for 12 h at 25° C. and thenextracted with ethyl acetate and the organic layers combined. Thecombined organics were washed with water and brine, dried over anhydroussodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum to give 10.5 g (78%) of1,4-difluoro-2-(4-iodophenoxy)benzene as brown oil.

Step 4

Into a 100 mL 3-necked round-bottom flask purged and maintained under aninert atmosphere of nitrogen, was placed a solution of1,4-difluoro-2-(4-iodophenoxy)benzene (2 g, 6.02 mmol, 1.00 equiv) inN,N-dimethylformamide (50 mL),4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolane(1.68 g, 6.62 mmol, 1.10 equiv), potassium acetate (1.76 g, 17.93 mmol,3.0 equiv), and Pd(OAc)₂ (68 mg, 0.30 mmol, 0.05 equiv). The resultingsolution was stirred for 12 h at 85° C. in an oil bath and then dilutedwith water. The resulting solution was extracted with ethyl acetate andthe organic layers combined. The combined organics were washed withwater and brine and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate andconcentrated. The residue was loaded onto a silica gel column and elutedwith ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1/8) to give 1.5 g (75%) of2-[4-(2,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolaneas a light yellow solid.

Step 5

Into a 250-mL 3-necked round-bottom flask purged and maintained under aninert atmosphere of nitrogen, was placed a solution of tert-butyl(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylate(500 mg, 1.13 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in 1,4-dioxane/H₂O (100/30 mL),2-[4-(2,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane(420 mg, 1.26 mmol, 1.1 equiv), sodium carbonate (240 mg, 2.26 mmol, 2.0equiv), and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (65 mg, 0.06 mmol, 0.05 equiv). The resultingsolution was stirred for 12 h at 90° C. in an oil bath and thenconcentrated under vacuum. The residue was diluted with water and theresulting solution was extracted with dichloromethane and the organiclayers were combined. The combined organics were washed with brine,dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue wasloaded onto a silica gel and eluted with dichloromethane/methanol (10/1)to give 510 mg (87%) of tert-butyl(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-[4-(2,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylateas a white solid.

Step 6

Into a 100 mL round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of tert-butyl(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-[4-(2,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylate(450 mg, 0.86 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (40 mL). This wasfollowed by the addition of CF₃COOH (10 mL) dropwise with stirring at25° C. over 5 min. The resulting solution was stirred for 3 h at 25° C.and then concentrated under vacuum. The residue was diluted withdichloromethane and the resulting mixture was washed with aqueous sodiumbicarbonate and brine and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate andconcentrated under vacuum to give 400 mg (99%) of3-[4-(2,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amineas a white solid.

Step 7

Into a 100 mL round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of3-[4-(2,5-difluoro-phenoxy)phenyl]-1-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine(300 mg, 0.71 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (30 mL), HATU (400mg, 1.05 mmol, 1.5 equiv), triethylamine (220 mg, 2.17 mmol, 3.0 equiv),and 2-cyanoacetic acid (90 mg, 1.06 mmol, 1.5 equiv). The resultingsolution was stirred for 10 h at 25° C. and then washed with water andbrine and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. Theresidue was loaded onto a silica gel column and eluted withdichloromethane/methanol (10/1) to give 200 mg (58%) of3-[(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-[4-(2,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrileas a white solid.

Step 8

Into a 10 mL sealed tube, was placed a solution of3-[(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-[4-(2,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrile(150 mg, 0.31 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in methanol (5 mL), piperidine (78 mg,0.92 mmol, 3.0 equiv), and cyclopropanecarbaldehyde (64 mg, 0.91 mmol,3.0 equiv). The resulting solution was stirred for 12 h at 25° C. andthen concentrated under vacuum. The resulting solution was diluted withdichloromethane and washed with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride,water and brine. The organics were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfateand concentrated. The residue was loaded onto a silica gel column andeluted with dichloromethane/methanol (20/1) to give 38 mg (23%) of2-[[(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-[4-(2,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidin-1-yl]carbonyl]-3-cyclopropylprop-2-enenitrileas a white solid. LC-MS (ES, m/z): 542 [M+H], ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, ppm): δ8.51(s, 1H); δ7.66 (d, 2H); δ7.12 (m, 3H); δ6.88 (m, 2H); δ6.51 (d, 1H);δ5.57 (s, 2H); δ4.95 (m, 1H); δ4.82 (m, 1H); δ4.23 (m, 1H); δ3.65 (m,1H); δ3.28 (m, 1H); δ2.33 (m, 2H); δ2.01 (m, 2H); δ1.83 (m, 1H); δ1.20(m, 2H); δ0.78 (m, 2H).

Example 22 Synthesis of(R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-(phenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile

Step 1

Into a 100 mL 3-necked round-bottom flask purged and maintained under aninert atmosphere of nitrogen, was placed tert-butyl(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylate(400 mg, 0.90 mmol, 1.00 equiv), (2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)boronic acid(250 mg, 1.08 mmol, 1.20 equiv), sodium carbonate (190 mg, 1.79 mmol,1.99 equiv), ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (50 mL), water (15 mL), andPd(PPh₃)₄ (52 mg, 0.04 mmol, 0.05 equiv). The resulting solution wasstirred for 12 h at 80° C. and then concentrated under vacuum. Theresidue was loaded onto a silica gel column and eluted withdichloromethane/methanol (100/1) to give 320 mg (70%) of tert-butyl(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylateas a yellow solid.

Step 2

Into a 100 mL round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of tert-butyl(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylate(320 mg, 0.63 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (50 mL). This wasfollowed by the addition of trifluoroacetic acid (10 mL) dropwise withstirring. The resulting solution was stirred overnight at roomtemperature and then concentrated under vacuum. The residue was dilutedwith water and the pH value of the solution was adjusted to >7 withsodium carbonate. The resulting solution was extracted withdichloromethane and the organic layers combined and dried over anhydroussodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum to give 190 mg (74%) of3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amineas a brown solid.

Step 3

Into a 100 mL round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine(190 mg, 0.47 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (50 mL),2-cyanoacetic acid (60 mg, 0.71 mmol, 1.50 equiv), and1-[(1H-imidazol-1-yl)carbonyl]-1H-imidazole (114 mg, 0.70 mmol, 1.50equiv). The resulting solution was stirred for 24 h at room temperatureand then diluted with dichloromethane. The resulting mixture was washedwith NH₄Cl and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentratedunder vacuum. The residue was loaded onto a silica gel column and elutedwith dichloromethane/methanol (100:1) to give 100 mg (45%) of3-[(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrileas a white solid.

Step 4

Into a 50 mL round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of3-[(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrile(100 mg, 0.21 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in methanol (20 mL),cyclopropanecarbaldehyde (45 mg, 0.64 mmol, 3.00 equiv), piperidine (9mg, 0.11 mmol, 0.50 equiv), and dichloromethane (5 mL). The resultingsolution was stirred for 12 h at room temperature and then concentratedunder vacuum. The residue was loaded onto a silica gel column and elutedwith dichloromethane/methanol (100:1) to give 24 mg (24%) of the titlecompound as a white solid, LC-MS (ES, m/z): 524 [M+H]⁺. ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃,ppm): 8.397 (1H, s), 7.628˜7.427 (3H, m), 7.283˜7.231 (1H, m),7.203˜7.124 (2H, m), 6.979˜6.866 (2H, m), 6.722 (1H, s), 5.717 (2H, s),4.973 (1H, s), 4.8-3.1 (4H, m), 2.581˜2.045 (5H, m), 1.329˜1.228 (2H,m), 0.893 (2H, m).

Proceeding as described above, but substituting cyclopropanecarbaldehydewith acetaldehyde,(R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrilewas synthesized.

Example 23 Synthesis of(R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2-fluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile

Step 1

Into a 100 mL 3-necked round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of2-fluorophenol (2.6 g, 23.19 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in N,N-dimethylformamide(30 mL) and CuCl (2.2 g, 2.41 equiv). This was followed by the additionof sodium hydride (1.34 g, 55.83 mmol, 0.86 equiv) in portions and then1-fluoro-4-nitrobenzene (2.8 g, 19.84 mmol, 0.67 equiv). The resultingsolution was stirred for 5 h at 100° C. in an oil bath and the resultingsolution was diluted with water/ice. The aqueous mixture was extractedwith ethyl acetate and the organic layers combined and dried overanhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated under vacuum. The residue wasloaded onto a silica gel column and elution with ethyl acetate/petroleumether (1:100) gave 1.7 g (31%) of 1-(2-fluorophenoxy)-4-nitrobenzene asa light yellow solid.

Step 2

Into a 250 mL 3-necked round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of1-fluoro-2-(4-nitrophenoxy)benzene (5 g, 21.44 mmol, 1.00 equiv) inmethanol/H₂O (2/1=V/V) (100 mL), and NH₄Cl (1 g, 18.70 mmol, 0.87equiv). This was followed by the addition of Fe (7 g, 5.83 equiv), inportions at 80° C. in 20 min. The resulting solution was stirred for 1 hat reflux in an oil bath. The reaction mixture was cooled in a waterbath. The solids were filtered out and the filtrate was concentratedunder vacuum. The resulting solution was extracted with ethyl acetateand the organic layers combined and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfateand concentrated under vacuum to give 3.2 g (73%) of4-(2-fluorophenoxy)aniline as a light yellow solid.

Step 3

Into a 250 mL 3-necked round-bottom flask, was placed4-(2-fluorophenoxy)aniline (2 g, 9.84 mmol, 1.00 equiv) and 37% hydrogenchloride (20 mL). NaNO₂ (800 mg, 11.59 mmol, 1.18 equiv) was added inportions at 0° C. The mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 30 min and thenurea (1 g, 16.65 mmol, 1.69 equiv) was added. The mixture was stirred at0° C. for 20 min and poured into the solution of KI (10 g) in water (20mL) at room temperature. The resulting solution was stirred at roomtemperature for 1 h and extracted with ethyl acetate and the organiclayers combined and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentratedunder vacuum. The residue was loaded onto a silica gel column and elutedwith ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1:100; 1:50) to give 1 g (32%) of1-fluoro-2-(4-iodophenoxy)-benzene as a light yellow solid.

Step 4

Into a 100 mL 3-necked round-bottom flask purged and maintained under aninert atmosphere of nitrogen, was placed a solution of1-(2-fluorophenoxy)-4-iodobenzene (3.3 g, 10.51 mmol, 1.00 equiv) intetrahydrofuran (50 mL). n-BuLi (4.4 mL) was added dropwise withstirring at −78° C. The resulting solution was stirred for 10 mins at−78° C. and then tris(propan-2-yl)borate (2.1 g, 11.17 mmol, 1.06 equiv)was added dropwise with stirring at −78° C. over 10 min. The resultingsolution was stirred while the temperature warmed from −78° C. to roomtemperature. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of saturatedaqueous NH₄Cl and concentrated under vacuum. The resulting solution wasdiluted with 10% aquious potassium hydroxide and then washed with ether.The pH of the aqueous was adjusted to 2-4 with hydrogen chloride (37%).The resulting solution was extracted with ethyl acetate and the organiclayers combined and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentratedunder vacuum to give 2.2 g (90%) of [4-(2-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]boronicacid as a white solid

Step 5

Into a 100 mL 3-necked round-bottom flask purged and maintained under aninert atmosphere of nitrogen, was placed a solution of tert-butyl(2R)-2-([4-amino-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate(300 mg, 0.68 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dioxane/H₂O (7/3=V/V) (30 mL),[4-(2-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]boronic acid (500 mg, 2.16 mmol, 3.19 equiv),sodium carbonate (500 mg, 4.72 mmol, 6.99 equiv), and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (200 mg,0.17 mmol, 0.26 equiv). The resulting solution was stirred overnight at100° C. in an oil bath and then concentrated under vacuum. The residuewas loaded onto a silica gel column with dichloromethane/methanol(100:1) to give 0.2 g (59%) of tert-butyl(2S)-2-([4-amino-3-[4-(2-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylateas a light yellow solid.

Step 6

Into a 100 mL round-bottom flask purged and maintained under an inertatmosphere of nitrogen, was placed a solution of tert-butyl(2R)-2-([4-amino-3-[4-(2-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate(200 mg, 0.40 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (20 mL), andtrifluoroacetic acid (10 g, 87.70 mmol, 221.25 equiv). The resultingsolution was stirred overnight at room temperature and then concentratedunder vacuum. The resulting solution was diluted with 10% aqueous sodiumcarbonate and the solution was extracted with dichloromethane and theorganic layers combined and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate andconcentrated under vacuum to give 0.1 g (62%) of3-[4-(2-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1-((2R)-pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amineas a light yellow solid.

Step 7

Into a 50 mL round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of3-[4-(2-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1-((2R)-pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine(100 mg, 0.25 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (10 mL),1-[(1H-imidazol-1-yl)carbonyl]-1H-imidazole (80 mg, 0.49 mmol, 1.25equiv), and 2-cyanoacetic acid (50 mg, 0.59 mmol, 3.80 equiv). Theresulting solution was stirred for 1 h at room temperature and thenconcentrated under vacuum. The residue was loaded onto a silica gelcolumn with dichloromethane/methanol (100:1; 50:1) to give 0.05 g (43%)of3-[(2R)-2-([4-amino-3-[4-(2-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrileas a light yellow solid.

Step 8

Into a 50 mL round-bottom flask, was placed a solution of3-[(2R)-2-([4-amino-3-[4-(2-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrile(50 mg, 0.11 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in methanol (10 mL), piperidine (50 mg,0.59 mmol, 6.73 equiv), and cyclopropanecarbaldehyde (50 mg, 0.71 mmol,5.54 equiv). The resulting solution was stirred for 1 h at roomtemperature and then concentrated under vacuum. The residue was loadedonto a silica gel column and eluted with dichloromethane/methanol(100:1, 50:1) to give 0.0179 g (32%) of the title compounds as anoff-white solid. LC-MS (ES, m/z): 524 [M+H]⁺, ¹HNMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃,ppm) 8.396 (1H, s), 7.689˜7.628 (2H, m), 7.284˜7.085 (6H, m),6.825˜6.798 (1H, d); 5.663 (2H, s); 4.868 (1H, d); 4.676 (2H, d);3.708˜3.470 (2H, m); 2.060˜1.980 (5H, m); 1.226 (2H, t); 0.873 (2H, s).

Example 24 Synthesis of(S)-4-amino-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrilebis(2,2,2-trifluoroacetate

To a solution of3-((S)-2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-oxopropanenitrile(245 mg, 0.5 mmol, 1 equiv) and tert-butyl2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-ylcarbamate (935 mg, 5 mmol, 10 equiv) in dioxane(30 mL) was added 0.5 mL piperidine, 1 drop AcOH and 2 g of 4A molecularsieves. The resulting mixture was stirred for 6 h at 110° C. The solidswas filtered out, the filtrate was diluted with 200 mL of ethyl acetate,washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, concentrated and purified withsilica gel column (ethyl acetate/MeOH 10/1) to give 60 mg of tert-butyl5-((S)-2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-4-cyano-2-methyl-5-oxopent-3-en-2-ylcarbamateas white solid.

Step 2

To a solution of tert-butyl5-((S)-2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-4-cyano-2-methyl-5-oxopent-3-en-2-ylcarbamate(60 mg, 0.091 mmol) in DCM (20 mL) was added CF₃COOH (5 mL). The mixturewas stirred for 2 h at room temperature and then concentrated andpurified on Prep-HPLC. Conditions: (1#-Pre-HPLC-001(SHIMADZU)): Column,SunFire Prep C18, 19*150 mm 5 um; mobile phase, water with 0.05% TFA andCH₃CN (40% CH₃CN up to 100% in 20 min); Detector, 254 nm to give 12 mgof the title compound as light yellow solid. LC-MS: m/z 559 (M+H⁺).H¹-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃, ppm): δ 13.19 (s, 1H), 10.97 (s, 1H), 8.28 (s,1H), 7.51-7.37 (m, 2H), 7.30 (s, 1H), 7.00-6.84 (m, 5H), 4.87-4.72 (m,3H), 3.65-3.50 (m, 2H), 2.15-1.76 (m, 4H), 1.56-1.52 (d, 6H).

Example 25 Synthesis of2-((S)-2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-(methylamino)pent-2-enenitrilebis(2,2,2-trifluoroacetate

Step 1

To a solution of3-((S)-2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-oxopropanenitrile(236 mg, 0.5 mmol, 1 equiv) and tert-butylmethyl(2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate (2.01 g, 10 mmol, 20 equiv)in dioxane (30 mL) was added 0.5 mL piperidine, 1 drop AcOH and 2 g of4A molecular sieves. The resulting mixture was stirred for 6 h at 110°C. The solids was filtered out, the filtrate was diluted with 50 mL ofEA, washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, concentrated. The residue waspurified on silica gel column (EA to EA/MeOH 10/1) to give 60 mg oftert-butyl5-((S)-2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-4-cyano-2-methyl-5-oxopent-3-en-2-yl(methyl)carbamateas white solid.

Step 2

To a solution of tert-butyl5-((S)-2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-4-cyano-2-methyl-5-oxopent-3-en-2-yl(methyl)carbamate(60 mg, 0.092 mmol) in DCM (5 mL) was added 1.5 mL of CF₃COOH. Themixture was stirred for 2 h at room temperature, concentrated and theresidue was purified on Prep-HPLC. Conditions:(1#-Pre-HPLC-001(SHIMADZU)): Column, SunFire Prep C18, 19*150 mm 5 um;mobile phase, water with 0.05% TFA and CH₃CN (40% CH₃CN up to 100% in 20min); Detector, 254 nm to give 12 mg of the title compound salt as awhite solid.

LC-MS: m/z 555 (M+H⁺). H¹-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃+D₂O, ppm): 8.32 (s, 1H),7.51-7.41 (m, 4H), 7.28-7.25 (m, 1H), 7.13 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 6.96-6.94(m, 1H), 6.85 (dd, J=11.6 Hz, 2.0 Hz, 1H) 4.88-4.68 (m, 3H), 3.69-3.53(m, 2H), 3.24 (s, 3H), 2.17-1.80 (m, 4H), 1.48-1.45 (d, 6H).

Example 26 Synthesis of(S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)-4,4-difluoropyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitriletrifluoroacetic

Step 1

Into a solution of 1-tert-butyl 2-methyl(2S)-4,4-difluoropyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylate (900 mg, 3.39 mmol, 1.00equiv) in tetrahydrofuran (15 mL) was added LiBH₄ (200 mg, 9.1 mmol, 2.7equiv) in batches at 0° C. The resulting solution was stirred overnightat room temperature, then was diluted with EA and washed with water andbrine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated to give 0.8g of tert-butyl(2S)-4,4-difluoro-2-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate as reddishoil.

Step 2

Under nitrogen, to a solution of3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine (2.61 g, 10.00 mmol, 1.00equiv), tert-butyl(2S)-4,4-difluoro-2-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (2.37 g,9.99 mmol, 1.00 equiv) and TPP (4 g, 15.2 mmol, 1.50 equiv) in THF wasDIAD (3.00 g, 15.0 mmol, 1.50 equiv) at 0° C. in 30 min. The resultingsolution was stirred overnight at room temperature. The mixture was thenconcentrated under vacuum and the residue was applied onto a silica gelcolumn with dichloromethane/ethyl acetate (3/1) to give 1 g oftert-butyl(2S)-2-([4-amino-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]-pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)-4,4-difluoropyrrolidine-1-carboxylateas reddish oil.

Step 3

Under nitrogen atmosphere, a suspension of tert-butyl(2S)-2-([4-amino-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl)-4,4-difluoropyrrolidine-1-carboxylate(800 mg, 1.67 mmol, 1.00 equiv), (2-fluoro-5-phenoxyphenyl)boronic acid(480 mg, 2.07 mmol, 1.20 equiv), Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (140 mg, 0.17 mmol, 0.10equiv), sodium carbonate (0.53 g, 5.00 mmol, 3.00 equiv) in1,4-dioxane/water (40/10 mL) was stirred at 80° C. overnight. Theresulting mixture was concentrated under vacuum. The residue was loadedon a silica gel column and eluted with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether(1:2 to 3:1) to give 0.6 g (67%) of tert-butyl(2S)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]-4,4-difluoropyrrolidine-1-carboxylateas a reddish solid.

Step 4

To a solution of tert-butyl(2S)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]-4,4-difluoropyrrolidine-1-carboxylate(600 mg, 1.11 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (10 mL) was addedtrifluoroacetic acid (2 mL) dropwise. The resulting solution was stirredat room temperature for 2 h. The mixture was concentrated under vacuumto give 0.85 g (crude) of1-[[(2S)-4,4-difluoropyrrolidin-2-yl]methyl]-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-aminetrifluoroacetic acid salt as a brown semi-solid.

Step 5

To a solution of1-[[(2S)-4,4-difluoropyrrolidin-2-yl]methyl]-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine(850 mg, crude), 2-cyanoacetic acid (120 mg, 1.31 mmol, 1.29 equiv) andTEA (650 mg, 6.45 mmol, 5.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (30 mL), wasadded HATU (500 mg, 1.32 mmol, 1.29 equiv). The resulting solution wasstirred at room temperature overnight. The mixture was diluted with DCM,washed with HCl (2N), sat. NaHCO₃, brine, dried over sodium sulfate andconcentrated. The residue was submitted to chromatography (SiO₂, DCM:MeOH=30:1) to give 0.4 g (77%) of3-[(2S)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]-4,4-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrileas a pale yellow solid.

Step 6

A solution of3-[(2S)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]-4,4-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrile(120 mg, 0.24 mmol, 1.00 equiv), cyclopropanecarbaldehyde (80 mg, 1.14mmol, 5.00 equiv), piperidine (41 mg, 0.48 mmol, 2.00 equiv) in ethanol(10 mL) was stirred at 70° C. for 2 h. The resulting mixture wasconcentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified on Prep-HPLC.Conditions: (1#-Pre-HPLC-001(SHIMADZU)): Column, SunFire Prep C18,19*150 mm 5 um; mobile phase, water with 0.05% TFA and CH₃CN (40% CH₃CNup to 100% in 20 min); Detector, 254 nm, to give 24 mg (18%) of thetitle compound as a white solid.

LC-MS m/z: 560 (M+1). ¹H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃, ppm): 11.94 (brs, 1H) 8.29(s, 1H), 7.55-7.45 (m, 3H), 7.31-7.24 (m, 1H), 7.14 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 2H),7.00 (dd, J=8.8, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 6.90-6.87 (m, 1H), 6.07 (brs, 1H),4.97-5.05 (m, 1H), 4.70-4.67 (m, 1H), 3.94-3.77 (m, 2H), 2.10 (s, 1H),1.45-1.36 (m, 2H), 1.27-1.14 (m, 2H).

Example 27 Synthesis of(R)-2-(3-(4-amino-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile

Step 1

To the solution of 4-chloro-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (10 g, 65.12mmol, 1.0 eq) and (S)-tert-butyl 3-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate (13.0g, 65.12 mmol, 1.0 eq) and PPh₃ (34.20 g, 130.24 mmol, 2.0 eq) in THF(400 mL), DEAD (22.68 g, 130.24 mmol, 2.0 eq) was added at 0° C. Theresulted mixture was stirred and warmed to RT for 12 h. The reactionmixture was purified by column (10% EtOAc in petroleum ether) to afford(R)-tert-butyl3-(4-chloro-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylate(2.1 g, 10% in yield) as colorless oil.

Step 2

A mixture of (R)-tert-butyl3-(4-chloro-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylate(1.7 g, 5.05 mmol) and NIS (1.25 g, 5.55 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) wasstirred for 12 h at room temperature. Water was added to the mixture,which was extracted with EA, the combined organic layers were dried andpurified by column to give (R)-tert-butyl3-(4-chloro-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylate(2.0 g, 86% in yield).

Step 3

A solution of (R)-tert-butyl3-(4-chloro-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylate(2.0 g, 4.32 mmol) in IPA saturated with NH₃ (20 mL) was stirred at 100°C. for 12 h in a 100 mL of autoclave. The organic layer was concentratedand purified on silica gel chromatography (eluted with PE:EtOAc=1:1) toafford (R)-tert-butyl3-(4-amino-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylate(1.5 g, 78% in yield).

Step 4

A mixture of (R)-tert-butyl3-(4-amino-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylate(250 mg, 0.56 mmol), 4-phenoxyphenylboronic acid (133 mg, 0.62 mmol),Pd(PPh₃)₄ (100 mg) and Na₂CO₃ (150 mg, 1.41 mmol) in dioxane/H₂O (40/10ml) was stirred at 100° C. for 4 h. The reaction mixture wasconcentrated and purified by Pre-TLC to obtain (R)-tert-butyl3-(4-amino-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylate(150 mg, 55% in yield).

Step 5

To a mixture of (R)-tert-butyl3-(4-amino-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylate(150 mg, 0.31 mmol) in 10 ml DCM was added TFA (10 ml). The reactionmixture was stirred at RT for 2 h. Solvent was removed and sat. NaHCO₃(10 mL) was added. The resulting mixture was extracted with DCM. Theorganic layer was dried and concentrated to afford(R)-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7-(piperidin-3-yl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine(100 mg, 83% in yield), which was subjected to the next step without anyfurther purification.

Step 6

To a mixture of(R)-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7-(piperidin-3-yl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine(100 mg, 0.26 mmol, 1.0 eq), 2-cyano-3-cyclopropylacrylic acid (45 mg,0.32 mmol, 1.2 eq) and DIPEA (102 mg, 0.78 mmol, 3 eq) in 10 mL DCM wasadded HATU (150 mg, 0.40 mmol, 1.5 eq) and the reaction mixture wasstirred for 4 h at RT under N₂. The reaction mixture was purified byPre-TLC to give the title compound (60 mg, 54% in yield). LCMS: m/z(505.0) (M+H)⁺ ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 0.826˜0.837 (m, 2H),1.147˜1.183 (m, 6H), 1.744˜2.210 (m, 5H), 4.661˜4.699 (m, 1H),5.212˜5.226 (m, 2H), 6.499˜6.524 (m, 1H), 6.921˜7.367 (m, 10H) and 8.223(S, 1H).

Proceeding as described above but substituting 4-phenoxyphenylboronicacid with2-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane and2-(4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane,(R)-2-(3-(4-amino-5-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrileLCMS m/z 523.1 (M+H)⁺ and(R)-2-(3-(4-amino-5-(4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrileLCMS m/z 541.1 (M+H)⁺ were prepared respectively.

Example 28 Synthesis of(S)-2-{2-[4-amino-5-(4-phenoxy-phenyl)-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-ylmethyl]-pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl}-3-cyclopropyl-acrylonitrile

Step 1

To a solution of 4-chloro-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (8.0 g, 52.32mmol, 1.0 eq) in DMF (40 mL), NIS (15.7 g, 57.55 mmol, 1.1 eq) was addedat 0° C. The reaction mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature.Water (40 mL) was added to the reaction mixture, extracted with EtOAc.The organic layer was dried over Na₂SO₄ and concentrated under vacuum togive 4-chloro-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (14.6 g, 100% inyield).

Step 2

To a solution of 4-chloro-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (4.0 g,14.34 mmol, 1.0 eq), (S)-tert-butyl2-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (4.04 g, 20.08 mmol, 1.4 eq),and PPh₃ (7.5 g, 28.68 mmol, 2.0 eq) in dry THF (30 mL), DIAD (5.80 g,28.68 mmol, 2.0 eq) was added dropwise at 0° C. The mixture was stirredat RT for 5 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated and purified bysilica gel chromatography (eluted with PE:EtOAc=1:1) to afford(S)-2-(4-chloro-5-iodo-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-ylmethyl)-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester (5.1 g, 77% in yield).

Step 3

A solution of(S)-2-(4-chloro-5-iodo-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-ylmethyl)-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester (3.5 g, 6.93 mmol) in MeOH (saturated with NH₃)was stirred 100° C. and overnight in a 100 mL of sealed tube. Theorganic layer was concentrated under reduced pressure to provide a whitesolid which was purified by silica gel chromatography eluted withPE:EtOAc=1:1 to afford(S)-2-(4-amino-5-iodo-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-ylmethyl)-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester (2.7 g, 87.98% in yield).

Step 4

A solution of(S)-2-(4-amino-5-iodo-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-ylmethyl)-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester (500.00 mg, 1.13 mmol, 1.0 eq),4-phenoxyphenyl-boronic acid (240.00 mg, 1.13 mmol, 1.0 eq), Pd(PPh₃)₄(100.00 mg), and Na₂CO₃ (300.00 mg, 2.83 mmol, 2.5 eq) in Dioxane/H₂O(40/10 ml) was stirred at 90° C. for 4 h. The reaction mixture wasconcentrated and purified by Pre-TLC to afford(S)-2-[4-amino-5-(4-phenoxy-phenyl)-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-ylmethyl]-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester (500 mg, 91% in yield).

Step 5

To a solution of(S)-2-[4-amino-5-(4-phenoxy-phenyl)-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-ylmethyl]-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester (500 mg, 1.03 mmol) in 10 ml of DCM, TFA (10 ml)was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 2 h. The mixturewas concentrated to give(S)-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7-pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ylamine(400 mg), which was subjected to the next step without any furtherpurification.

Step 6

To a mixture of(S)-5-(4-phenoxy-phenyl)-7-pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ylamine(100 mg, 0.26 mmol, 1.0 eq), 2-cyano-3-cyclopropyl-acrylic acid (45 mg,0.32 mmol, 1.2 eq) and DIEA (102 mg, 0.78 mmol, 3.0 eq) in 10 ml DCM wasadded HATU (150 mg, 0.40 mmol, 1.5 eq). The reaction mixture was stirredfor 4 h at RT under N₂. The mixture was purified by Pre-TLC to give thetitle compound (71 mg). LCMS: m/z 486.2 (M+H)⁺

Proceeding as described above but substituting 4-phenoxyphenylboronicacid with 3,5-difluoro-phenoxyphenylboronic acid and2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl-brononic acid,(S)-2-(2-{4-amino-5-[4-(3,5-difluoro-phenoxy)-phenyl]-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-ylmethyl}-pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropyl-acrylonitrileLCMS m/z 541.1 (M+H)⁺ and(S)-2-{2-[4-amino-5-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-ylmethyl]-pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl}-3-cyclopropyl-acrylonitrileLCMS m/z 523.2 (M+H)⁺ were prepared respectively.

Example 29 Synthesis of(S)-2-(2-((4-amino-6-methyl-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile

Step 1

To a solution of 4-chloro-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (10 g, 65.12 mmol,1.0 eq) in THF (300 mL), NaH (5.30 g, 130.24 mmol, 2 eq) was added at 0°C. After 3 h, benzenesulfonyl chloride (22.53 g, 130.24 mmol, 2 eq) wasadded. The temperature was warmed to RT and continued for 1 h. Thereaction mixture was poured into sat. NH₄Cl and extracted with EtOAc.The organic layers were dried, concentrated and purified by columnchromatography (eluting with 10% EtOAc in PE) to afford4-chloro-7-(phenylsulfonyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine as brown solid(4.5 g, 24% in yield)

Step 2

To the solution of4-chloro-7-(phenylsulfonyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (3 g, 12.6 mmol,1.0 eq) and TMEDA (3.0 mL, 18.9 mmol, 1.5 eq) in THF (120 mL), n-BuLi(7.5 mL, 18.9 mmol, 1.5 eq) was added at −78° C. After 3 min, CH₃I (3.7mL, 59.2 mmol, 4.7 eq) was added. After 3 h, the reaction mixture waswarmed to RT over 1 h. The reaction was quenched by addition of satNH₄Cl (10 mL) at −78° C. EtOAc (200 mL) and water (100 mL) was added.The organic layer was separated, dried and concentrated to afford4-chloro-6-methyl-7-(phenylsulfonyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine as abrown solid (6.7 g, 90% in yield).

Step 3

To the solution of4-chloro-6-methyl-7-(phenylsulfonyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (10 g,32.5. mmol, 1.0 eq) in THF (400 mL), t-BuOK (18.23 g, 163.0 mmol, 5 eq)was added and stirred at RT for 12 h. Sat. NaHCO₃ (50 mL) was added andextracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were separated, dried andconcentrated to afford 4-chloro-6-methyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine asa brown solid (2.7 g, 50% in yield).

Step 4

To the solution of 4-chloro-6-methyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (1.0 g,5.97 mmol, 1.0 eq) and (S)-tert-butyl2-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (1.32 g, 6.57 mmol, 1.1 eq)and PPh₃ (3.03 g, 11.94 mmol, 2.0 eq) in THF (50 mL), DIEA (2.08 g,11.94 mmol, 2.0 eq) was added at 0° C. The resulted mixture was stirredand warmed to RT for 12 h. Solvent was removed and purified by columnchromatography (eluting with 10% EtOAc in PE) to afford (S)-tert-butyl2-((4-chloro-6-methyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylateas a white solid (2.08 g, 100% in yield).

Step 5

To the solution of (S)-tert-butyl2-((4-chloro-6-methyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate(1.0 g, 2.86 mmol, 1.0 eq) in DMF (20 mL), NIS (0.675 g, 3.00 mmol, 1.05eq) was added at 0° C. The resulted mixture was stirred and warmed to RTfor 12 h. Solvent was removed and purified by column chromatography toafford (S)-tert-butyl2-((4-chloro-5-iodo-6-methyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylateas white solid (1.0 g, 77% in yield) which was converted to the titlecompound as described in Example 30 above. LCMS m/z 519.1 (M+H)⁺.

Proceeding as described above but substituting 4-phenoxyphenylboronicacid with2-(4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolaneand2-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane,(S)-2-(2-((4-amino-5-(4-(3,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)-6-methyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrileLCMS m/z 555.2 (M+H)⁺ and(S)-2-((4-amino-5-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrileLCMS m/z 536.6 (M+H)⁺ were prepared respectively.

Example 30 Synthesis of(S)-2-(2-((4-amino-6-methyl-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile

To a solution of(S)-3-(2-((4-amino-6-methyl-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-oxopropanenitrile(0.1 g, 0.21 mmol, 1.0 eq) in EtOH (2 mL) was added2-(dimethylamino)-2-methylpropanal (0.06 g, 0.53 mmol, 2.5 eq) andpiperidine acetate (5 mg). The resulted solution was stirred at 70° C.for 12 h, concentrated and purified by pre-HPLC to afford the titlecompound as a white solid (5 mg, 4% in yield). LCMS m/z 564.1 (M+H)⁺.

Example 31 Synthesis of(R)-4-amino-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitriletris(2,2,2-trifluoroacetate) salt

Step 1

A solution of3-((R)-2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-oxopropanenitrile(141 mg, 0.30 mmol, 1.0 equiv), tert-butyl2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-ylcarbamate (1.12 g, 6.00 mmol, 20.0 equiv),piperidine (255 mg, 3.0 mmol, 10.0 equiv) in 1,4-dioxane (15 mL) wasrefluxed for 2 h. The resulting mixture was concentrated under vacuum.The residue was submitted to flash chromatography eluting with ethylacetate to give (R)-tert-butyl(5-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-4-cyano-2-methyl-5-oxopent-3-en-2-yl)carbamate90 mg as a pale yellow solid.

Step 2

To a solution of (R,E)-tert-butyl(5-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-4-cyano-2-methyl-5-oxopent-3-en-2-yl)carbamate(90 mg, 0.14 mmol, 1 equiv) in 16 mL DCM was added 4 mL trifluoroaceticacid dropwise. The resulting solution was stirred for 3 h at roomtemperature. The solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. Theresidue was purified on Prep-HPLC. Conditions:(1#-Pre-HPLC-001(SHIMADZU)): Column, SunFire Prep C18, 19*150 mm 5 um;mobile phase, water with 0.05% TFA and CH3CN (40% CH₃CN up to 100% in 20min); Detector, 254 nm to give the title compound as a pale light yellowsolid.

MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 541 (M+1). ¹H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃, ppm): 12.23(brs, 1H), 11.77 (brs, 1H), 10.36 (brs, 1H), 8.32 (s, 1H), 7.95 (brs,1H), 7.54-7.44 (m, 3H), 7.35-7.28 (m, 2H), 7.19-7.13 (m, 2H), 6.96 (d,J=8.8, 1H), 6.88 (d, J=11.2, 1H), 6.09 (brs, 1H), 4.88-4.74 (m, 3H),4.76-4.55 (m, 2H), 3.68-3.58 (m, 2H), 2.17-1.74 (m, 4H), 1.56 (d, 6H).

Example 32 Synthesis of(R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile

Step 1

To a solution of 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-ylamine (3.0 g, 22.20mmol, 1.0 eq) in DMF (30 mL), NIS (6.7 g, 24.42 mmol, 1.1 eq) was addedat room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred overnight at 60°C. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and 10% aq.NaHCO₃ (150 mL) was added to the reaction mixture. The solid wasfiltered and re-crystallization from DMF solvent to give3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine (4.0 g, 69% in yield).

Step 2

To a solution of 3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-ylamine (4.0 g,15.32 mmol, 1.0 eq), (S)-3-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylic acidtert-butyl ester (4.313 g, 21.44 mmol, 1.4 eq), and PPh₃ (8.031 g, 30.64mmol, 2.0 eq) in dry THF (200 mL), DIAD (4.658 g, 22.98 mmol, 1.5 eq)was added at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred at 70°C. for 72 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated and purified bysilica gel chromatography (eluted with PE:EtOAc=1:1) to afford(R)-tert-butyl3-(4-amino-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylate(2.8 g, 41.2% in yield).

Step 3

A solution of (R)-tert-butyl3-(4-amino-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylate(2.8 g, 6.16 mmol, 1.0 eq),2-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane(1.7 g, 6.16 mmol, 1.0 eq), Pd(PPh₃)₄ (0.28 g, 0.08 mmol, 0.07 eq) andNa₂CO₃ (1.7 g, 15.4 mmol, 2.5 eq) in dioxane/H₂O (40/10 mL) was stirredat 90° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated and purifiedby Pre-TLC to afford (R)-tert-butyl3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylate(1.7 g, 51.1% yield).

Step 4

To a solution of (R)-tert-butyl3-(4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylate(1.7 g, 3.15 mmol) in 20 ml of DCM, TFA (20 ml) was added. The reactionmixture was stirred at RT for 4 h. The mixture was washed with sat.NaHCO₃ (10 mL) and concentrated to give(R)-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1-(piperidin-3-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine(1.1 g, 80% yield).

Step 5

To a mixture of(R)-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1-(piperidin-3-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine(100 mg, 0.23 mmol, 1.0 eq), 2-cyano-4-methyl-pent-2-enoic acid (38 mg,0.27 mmol, 1.2 eq) and DIEA (88 mg, 0.68 mmol, 3.0 eq) in 10 ml DCM wasadded HATU (130 mg, 0.34 mmol, 1.5 eq). The reaction mixture was stirredfor 4 h at RT under N₂. The mixture was purified by Pre-HPLC to give thetitle compound (25 mg 40% yield). LCMS: m/z⁺ (562.2) (M+H)+ 1HNMR (400MHz, CDCl₃): δ 0.784˜1.186 (m, 7H), 1.765˜2.254 (m, 5H), 2.861˜4.937 (m,4H), 6.218 (m, 0.4H), 6.857˜7.600 (m, 6H), 8.255 (s, 1H) and 9.888 (m,1H).

Example 33 Synthesis of2-((R)-2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-ethoxy-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile2,2,2-trifluoroacetate

A solution of3-((R)-2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-oxopropanenitrile(202.8 mg, 0.40 mmol, 1.0 equiv), 2-ethoxy-2-methylpropanal (232 mg,2.00 mmol, 5.0 equiv), piperidine (68 mg, 0.80 mmol, 2.0 equiv) in EtOH(20 mL) was stirred at room temperature overnight. The volatile phasewas removed off under reduced pressure. The residue was purified onPrep-HPLC. Conditions: (1#-Pre-HPLC-001 (SHIMADZU)): Column, SunFirePrep C18, 19*150 mm 5 um; mobile phase, water in 0.05% TFA and CH₃CN(40% CH₃CN up to 100% in 20 min); Detector, 254 nm. This resulted in 30mg (10.43%) of the title compound as a white solid. MS (ESI, pos. ion)m/z: 606 (M−TFA+1)

¹H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃, ppm): 11.51 (brs, 1H), 8.35 (s, 1H), 7.60 (t,J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.19-7.13 (m, 3H), 7.03-6.93 (m, 2H), 6.90 (d, J=10.8,2.0 Hz, 1H), 6.09 (brs, 1H), 4.96-4.93 (m, 1H), 4.72-4.65 (m, 2H),3.59-3.51 (m, 2H), 3.49-3.43 (q, J=6.8 Hz, 2H), 2.19-1.82 (m, 4H), 1.45(s, 6H), 1.27-1.24 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 3H).

Example 34 Synthesis of(S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile

To a solution of3-[(2S)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propanenitrile(2173.mg, 4.61 mmol) in ethanol (36 mL) was addedcyclopropanecarbaldehyde (0.53 mL, 6.91 mmol) and piperidine (0.23 mL,2.3 mmol). The reaction was heated to 90° C. for 75 minutes, then cooledand concentrated. The residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate (200 mL)and washed with water and then brine. The organic layer was dried(MgSO4), filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by Isolera(100 g column, 1%-7% MeOH/DCM) to provided 1.32 g (55% yield) of thetitle compound. LCMS m/z 524 (M+H)⁺.

Example 35 Synthesis ofN-(2-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl)-2-cyano-3-cyclopropylacrylamide

Step 1

To a solution of 3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine(300 mg, 1.0 mmole), triphenylphosphine (1.04 g, 3.96 mmole) andtert-butyl (2-hydroxyethyl)carbamate (238 mg, 1.5 mmoles) in THF (25 mL)was added DIAD (0.4 mL, 2 mmoles). The reaction was stirred for 5 hrs atroom temperature and then water (30 mL) was added and extracted withethyl acetate. The organic layers were combined, washed with aq. NaHCO₃and brine, then dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated. The resultingtert-butyl(2-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl)carbamatewas used without further purification.

Step 2

The tert-butyl(2-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl)carbamatewas dissolved in TFA (5 mL). After 30 minutes of stirring at roomtemperature, the reaction was diluted with water and washed with ethylacetate. The aqueous layer was basified to pH=11-12 with NaOH and thenwashed with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried (Na₂SO₄),filtered and concentrated to collect 320 mg of1-(2-aminoethyl)-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine.

Step 3

To a solution of1-(2-aminoethyl)-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine(287 mg, 0.829 mmole), 2-cyanoacetic acid (85 mg, 1.0 mmole) and TEA(0.14 ml, 1.0 mmole) in DMF (10 mL) was added HATU (347 mg, 0.912mmole). After stirring 3 hr at room temperature, water was added andextracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with aq.NaHCO₃ and brine, then dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated. Theresulting residue was subjected to column chromatography (3% MeOH/DCM)to provide 90 mg (22% yield from step 1) ofN-(2-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl)-2-cyanoacetamide.

Step 4

A solution ofN-(2-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl)-2-cyanoacetamide(90 mg, 0.22 mole), cyclopropylcarboxaldehyde (18 mg, 0.26 mmole) andpiperidine (22 mg, 0.26 mmole) in MeOH (5 mL) was stirred for 3 hr atroom temperature. Then water was added and extracted with ethyl acetate.The organic layers were combined and washed with aq. NaHCO₃ and brine,then dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated. The residue was purifiedby column chromatography (3% MeOH/DCM) to provide 39 mg (38% yield) ofthe title compound as a white solid. LCMS m/z 466 (M+H)⁺.

Example 36 Synthesis ofN-(2-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl)-2-cyano-3-cyclopropyl-N-methylacrylamide

The title compound was prepared as described in Example 35 excepttert-butyl (2-hydroxyethyl)(methyl)carbamate was used in step 1. LCMSm/z 480 (M+H)⁺.

Example 37 Synthesis of(R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile

Step 1

A solution of3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1-((R)-pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine(50 mg, 0.12 mmol, 1.00 equiv), 2-cyanoacetic acid (14 mg, 0.18 mmol,1.50 equiv), HATU (52 mg, 0.18 mmol, 1.5 equiv) and TEA (42 mg, 0.40mmol, 5.00 equiv) in N,N-dimethylformamide (10 mL) was stirred overnightat 25° C. It was quenched with water (50 mL), which was extracted withEA. The organic layers were combined, washed with brine, dried oversodium sulfate, filtrated and concentrated. The residue was submitted toflash chromatography (SiO₂, PE:EtOAc=2:1 to 1:1) to give 48 mg (83%) of3-((R)-2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-oxopropanenitrileas a yellow solid.

Step 2

A solution of3-((R)-2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-oxopropanenitrile(240 mg, 0.47 mmol, 1.00 equiv), cyclopropanecarbaldehyde (98.7 mg, 1.41mmol, 3.00 equiv) and piperidine (42 mg, 0.47 mmol, 1.00 equiv) inethanol (15 mL) was stirred for 3 h at 65° C. The resulting mixture wasconcentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified on Prep-HPLC.Conditions: (1#-Pre-HPLC-001(SHIMADZU)): Column, SunFire Prep C18,19*150 mm 5 um; mobile phase, water with 0.05% TFA and CH₃CN (40% CH₃CNup to 100% in 20 min); Detector, 254 nm. This resulted in 100 mg (36%)of the title compound as a white solid. MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 560(M+1) H-NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD, ppm): 8.36 (s, 1H), 7.68-7.65 (t, J=7.6 Hz,1H), 7.30-7.20 (m, 2H), 7.14-7.11 (t, 1H), 7.03-7.00 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 2H),6.58 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H), 4.92-4.87 (m, 1H) 3.65-3.60 (m, 1H), 3.50-3.46(m, 1H), 2.14 (m, 1H), 1.99-1.81 (m, 4H), 1.24-1.23 (m, 2H), 0.93-0.77(m, 2H).

Proceeding as described above, but substituting3-((R)-2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-oxopropanenitrilewith(R)-3-(3-(4-amino-3-(2,3-difluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-3-oxopropanenitrileand cyclopropanecarbaldehyde with 2-methyl-2-morpholino-propanal,(R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2,3-difluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-morpholinopent-2-enenitrilewas prepared.

Example 38 Synthesis of(S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-cyclopropylacrylonitrile

Step 1

To a suspension of (S)-tert-butyl2-((4-amino-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate(2.7 g, 6.00 mmol, 1.00 equiv),4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenylboronic acid (1.6 g, 6.00 mmol,1.00 equiv), potassium carbonate (3.3 g, 24.00 mmol, 4.00 equiv) in1,4-dioxane (40 mL) and water (10 mL) was added Pd(PPh₃)₄ (488 mg, 0.60mmol, 0.10 equiv) under nitrogen atmosphere. The resulting solution wasstirred overnight at 90° C. The resulting mixture was concentrated undervacuum. The residue was applied onto a silica gel column with ethylacetate/petroleum ether (1:5 to 2:1). This resulted in 1.97 g (61%) of(2S)-tert-butyl2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylateas a reddish solid. MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 541 (M+1)

Step 2

To a solution of (2S)-tert-butyl2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate(1.97 g, 3.65 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in DCM (30 mL) was added trifluoroaceticacid (7.5 mL). The resulting solution was stirred for 4 h at roomtemperature. This solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. Thisresulted in 2.4 g (Crude) of3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1-((S)-pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-aminetrifluoroacetic acid salt as a reddish oil. MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 441(M+1)

Step 3

A solution of3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1-((S)-pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine(2.4 g Crude, 3.65 mmol, 1.00 equiv), 2-cyanoacetic acid (0.47 g, 5.48mmol, 1.50 equiv), HATU (2.08 g, 5.48 mmol, 1.50 equiv), TEA (2.54 ml,18.25 mmol, 5.00 equiv) in DCM (40 mL) was stirred overnight at roomtemperature. The resulting mixture was diluted with water, and extractedwith DCM. The DCM layers were combined and washed with brine, dried overNa₂SO₄ and concentrated. The residue was submitted to flashchromatography (SiO₂, PE:EtOAc=2:1 to 1:1) to give 1.28 g (69%) of3-((S)-2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-oxopropanenitrileas a yellow solid.

Step 4

A solution of3-((S)-2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-oxopropanenitrile(304.2 mg, 0.60 mmol, 1.00 equiv), cyclopropanecarbaldehyde (210 mg, 3mmol, 5 equiv), piperidine (102 mg, 1.20 mmol, 2 equiv) in EtOH (20 mL)was stirred overnight at rt. The resulting mixture was concentratedunder vacuum. Then concentrated and purified on Prep-HPLC. Conditions:(1#-Pre-HPLC-001(SHIMADZU)): Column, SunFire Prep C18, 19*150 mm 5 um;mobile phase, water with 0.05% TFA and CH₃CN (40% CH₃CN up to 100% in 20min); Detector, 254 nm. This resulted in 90 mg (22.3%) of the titlecompound as a white solid. MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 560 (M−TFA+1) H-NMR(400 MHz, CDCl₃, ppm): 11.94 (brs, 1H), 8.27 (s, 1H), 7.62-7.58 (m, 1H),7.19-7.13 (m, 2H), 7.04-6.98 (m, 2H), 6.91 (d, J=111.2 Hz, 1H), 6.81 (d,J=11.2 Hz, 1H), 6.01 (brs, 1H), 4.96-4.86 (m, 1H), 4.76-4.62 (m, 2H),3.71-3.62 (m, 1H), 3.61-3.45 (m, 1H), 2.12-1.82 (m, 5H), 1.30-1.28 (m,2H), 0.94-0.89 (m, 2H).

Example 39 Synthesis ofN-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)-2,2-dimethylpropyl)-2-cyano-3-cyclopropylacrylamide

Step 1

A solution of 2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diol (20.8 g, 199.72 mmol, 1.00equiv) and HBr (1 mL) was stirred for 1 h at 110° C. in an oil bath,then a solution of HBr (17.82 g, 220 mmol, 1.10 equiv) in AcOH (100 mL)was loaded dropwise, the resulting mixture was stirred for another 11 hrat 110° C. The resulting mixture was concentrated under vacuum. To thisresidue were added ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (270 mL), water (90mL) and LiOH (9.6 g, 2.00 equiv). The resulting solution was stirred for3 h at 25° C., which was extracted with ether. The organic layers werecombined, washed with hydrogen chloride (1 N), washed with brine, driedover anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum to give 15 g(45%) of 3-bromo-2,2-dimethylpropan-1-ol as a colorless oil.

Step 2

To a solution of 2,3-dihydro-1H-isoindole-1,3-dione (3.1 g, 21.07 mmol,1.00 equiv), 3-bromo-2,2-dimethylpropan-1-ol (3.4 g, 23.2 mmol, 1.10equiv), triphenylphosphane (10.9 g, 41.56 mmol, 2.00 equiv) in THF (100mL) was loaded diisopropyl azodicarboxylate (8.3 g, 41.09 mmol, 2.00equiv) dropwise at 0° C. under nitrogen atmosphere. The resultingsolution was stirred for 12 h at 25° C. The resulting mixture wasconcentrated under vacuum. The residue was applied onto a silica gelcolumn eluting with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1/50). This resultedin 3.2 g (51%) of2-(3-bromo-2,2-dimethylpropyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-isoindole-1,3-dione as acolorless oil.

Step 3

A suspension of 3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine(400 mg, 1.3 mmol, 1.00 equiv),2-(3-bromo-2,2-dimethylpropyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-isoindole-1,3-dione (570mg, 1.95 mmol, 1.50 equiv) and cesium carbonate (847 mg, 2.60 mmol, 2.00equiv) in NMP (50 mL) was stirred at 100° C. for 12 h under nitrogenatmosphere. It was quenched with water (150 mL). The resulting solutionwas extracted with ethyl acetate (5×30 mL). The organic layers werecombined, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. Theresidue was applied onto a silica gel column eluting withdichloromethane/methanol (10/1). This resulted in 280 mg (41%) of2-(2-[[4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]-2-methylpropyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-isoindole-1,3-dioneas a yellow oil.

Step 4

A solution of2-[3-[4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]-2,2-dimethylpropyl]-2,3-dihydro-1H-isoindole-1,3-dione(200 mg, 0.39 mmol, 1.00 equiv) and hydrazine (130 mg, 3.25 mmol, 8.00equiv) in ethanol (30 mL) was stirred for 3 h at 70° C. in an oil bath.The resulting mixture was concentrated under vacuum. Water (50 mL) wasadded to the residue. The resulting solution was extracted withdichloromethane (3×50 mL). The organic layers were combined, dried oversodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was appliedonto a silica gel column with dichloromethane/methanol (30/1). Thisresulted in 0.06 g (40%) of1-(3-amino-2,2-dimethylpropyl)-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amineas a yellow oil.

Step 5

A solution of1-(3-amino-2,2-dimethylpropyl)-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine(110 mg, 0.28 mmol, 1.00 equiv), 2-cyanoacetic acid (36 mg, 0.42 mmol,1.50 equiv), HATU (0.108 g, 1.00 equiv) and triethylamine (57 mg, 0.56mmol, 2.00 equiv) in N,N-dimethylformamide (10 mL) was stirred for 5 hat 25° C. It was quenched with water (100 mL). The resulting solutionwas extracted with ethyl acetate (3×50 mL). The organic layers werecombined, washed with brine. dried and concentrated under vacuum. Theresidue was applied onto a silica gel column eluting withdichloromethane/methanol (50/1). This resulted in 100 mg (78%) ofN-[3-[4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]-2,2-dimethylpropyl]-2-cyanoacetamideas a yellow oil.

Step 6

A solution ofN-(3-(4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)-2,2-dimethylpropyl)-2-cyanoacetamide(0.12 g, 0.26 mmol, 1.0 eq.), cyclopropanecarbaldehyde (56 mg, 0.78mmol, 3.0 eq.) and a drop of piperidine in ethanol (15 mL) was refluxedovernight. The volatile phase was removed under reduced pressure. Theresidue was applied on silica gel eluting with petroleum: ethyl acetate(1:1). This provided 50 mg (38%) of the title compound as a white solid.MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 508 (M+1) H-NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6, ppm): 8.59(t, 1H), 8.29 (s, 1H), 7.69-7.66 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 2H), 7.46-7.41 (t, J=6.6,7.5 Hz, 2H), 7.21-7.11 (m, 5H), 7.05-7.02 (d, 10.4 Hz, 1H), 4.18 (s,2H), 3.04-3.02 (d, J=6.3 Hz, 2H), 1.98-1.93 (m, 1H), 1.21-1.26 (m, 2H),1.0-0.92 (m, 2H), 0.91 (s, 6H).

Example 40 Synthesis of2-((S)-2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(ethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile

Step 1

To a solution of 2-amino-2-methylpropanoic acid (10.3 g, 0.1 mol, 1.0equiv) in 1 N NaOH (100 mL) and THF (30 mL) was added (Boc)₂O (26 g,0.12 mol, 1.2 equiv) portionwise at room temperature. This mixture wasstirred overnight at room temperature. The mixture was concentrated andthen extracted with ethyl acetate (100 mL×2). The aqueous phase wasadjusted to PH=3˜4, then extracted with ethyl acetate (200 mL×2). Theorganic phases were combined, washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄,concentrated to give 9 g (44%) of the desired product2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-2-methylpropanoic acid as a white solid.

Step 2

To a solution of 2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-2-methylpropanoic acid(8.12 g, 0.04 mol, 1 equiv) in DMF (100 mL) was added NaH (4.8 g, 0.12mol, 3.0 equiv) portionwise at 0° C. The mixture was stirred for 5 minat this temperature then ethyl iodide (18.7 g, 0.12 mol, 3.0 equiv) wasadded dropwise at 0° C. The resulting mixture was stirred at roomtemperature overnight then it was quenched with H₂O, extracted withethyl acetate. The organic phases were combined, washed with brine,dried and concentrated. The residue was purified on silica gel column(PE/EA=5/1) to give 6 g (57%) of the desired product ethyl2-(tert-butoxycarbonyl(ethyl)amino)-2-methylpropanoate as a colorlessoil.

Step 3

To a suspension of LiAlH₄ (760 mg, 20 mmol, 1.0 equiv) in THF (50 mL)was added ethyl 2-(tert-butoxycarbonyl(ethyl)amino)-2-methylpropanoate(5.18 g, 20 mmol, 1 equiv) at 0° C. under N₂. The mixture was stirredfor 4 h at 0° C. It was quenched with ice/water at 0° C., then extractedwith ethyl acetate (50 mL×3). The organic layers were combined, washedwith brine, dried over Na₂SO₄ and concentrated. The residue was purifiedby a silica gel column (pet. ether/ethyl acetate=4/1) to give 2 g (45%)of tert-butyl ethyl(1-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-yl)carbamate as acolorless oil.

Step 4

To a solution of tert-butylethyl(1-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-yl)carbamate (2.18 g, 10 mmol, 1.0equiv) in DCM (150 mL) was added Dess-martin periodinane (4.24 g, 10mmol, 1.0 equiv) portionwise at 0° C. The resulting mixture was stirredfor 4 h at room temperature. Saturated solutions of aqueous sodiumhydrogencarbonate and sodium thiosulfate were added. The resultingmixture was stirred for 0.5 h. The organic phase was separated, washedwith saturated sodium hydrogencarbonate, brine, dried over sodiumsulfate and concentrated to give 1.5 g (71%) of tert-butylmethyl(2-ethyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate as a colorless oil.

Step 5

To a solution of3-((S)-2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-oxopropanenitrile(236 mg, 0.5 mmol, 1 equiv) and tert-butylethyl(2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate (2.15 g, 10 mmol, 20 equiv) indioxane (30 mL) was added 0.5 mL piperidine, 1 drop AcOH and 2 g of 4Amolecular sieves. The resulting mixture was stirred for 2 h at 110° C.The solids was filtered out, the filtrate was diluted with 200 mL ofethyl acetate, washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, concentrated andpurified by silica gel column (ethyl acetate/MeOH 10/1) to give 60 mg(19%) of tert-butyl5-((S)-2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-4-cyano-2-methyl-5-oxopent-3-en-2-yl(ethyl)carbamateas a white solid.

Step 6

To a solution of tert-butyl5-((S)-2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-4-cyano-2-methyl-5-oxopent-3-en-2-yl(ethyl)carbamate(60 mg, 0.089 mmol) in DCM (8 mL) was added 2 mL of CF₃COOH. The mixturewas stirred for 2 h at room temperature, then concentrated and purifiedby Prep-HPLC. Conditions: (1#-Pre-HPLC-001(SHIMADZU)): Column, SunFirePrep C18, 19*150 mm 5 um; mobile phase, water with 0.05% TFA and CH₃CN(40% CH₃CN up to 100% in 20 min); Detector, 254 nm. This resulted in 12mg (16%) of the title compound as a white solid and bis TFA salt. LC-MS:m/z 569 (M+H⁺). H¹-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃+D₂O, ppm): 8.31 (s, 1H),7.51-7.44 (m, 3H), 7.37 (s, 1H), 7.28-7.25 (m, 1H), 7.13 (d, J=7.6 Hz,2H), 6.95 (dd, J=8.4, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 6.85 (q, J=11.6 Hz, 2.0 Hz, 1H),4.89-4.65 (m, 3H), 3.76-3.57 (m, 4H), 2.14-1.83 (m, 4H), 1.50-1.49 (d,6H), 1.31 (t, q=6.8 Hz, 3H).

Example 41 Synthesis of2-((R)-2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(ethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile

Step 1

To a solution of3-((R)-2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-oxopropanenitrile(236 mg, 0.5 mmol, 1 equiv) and tert-butylethyl(2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate (2.15 g, 10 mmol, 20 equiv) indioxane (30 mL) was added 0.5 mL piperidine, 1 drop AcOH and 2 g of 4Amolecular sieves. The resulting mixture was stirred for 2 h at 110° C.The solids was filtered out, the filtrate was diluted with 200 mL ofethyl acetate, washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, concentrated andpurified on silica gel column (ethyl acetate/MeOH 10/1) to give 60 mg(19%) of tert-butyl5-((R)-2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-4-cyano-2-methyl-5-oxopent-3-en-2-yl(ethyl)carbamateas a white solid.

Step 2

To a solution of tert-butyl5-((R)-2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-4-cyano-2-methyl-5-oxopent-3-en-2-yl(ethyl)carbamate(60 mg, 0.089 mmol) in DCM (10 mL) was added 2.5 mL of CF₃COOH. Themixture was stirred for 2 h at room temperature. The volatile phase wasremoved under reduced pressure and the residue was purified onPrep-HPLC. Conditions: (1#-Pre-HPLC-001(SHIMADZU)): Column, SunFire PrepC18, 19*150 mm 5 um; mobile phase, water with 0.05% TFA and CH3CN (40%CH₃CN up to 100% in 20 min); Detector, 254 nm. This resulted 12 mg (16%)of the title compound as a white solid and bis TFA salt. LC-MS: m/z 569(M+H⁺). H-NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD, ppm): 8.37 (s, 1H), 7.72 (s, 1H), 7.57(t, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.48 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.28 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 7.17(d, 8.0 Hz, 2H), 6.97 (dd, J=8.4 Hz, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 6.91 (dd, J=11.6 Hz,2.0 Hz, 1H), 4.95-4.82 (m, 2H), 4.70-4.65 (m, 1H), 3.71-3.65 (m, 3H),3.59-3.55 (m, 1H), 2.15-2.11 (m, 1H), 2.02-1.93 (m, 2H), 1.81-1.79 (m,1H), 1.53 (s, 3H), 1.47 (s, 3H), 1.29 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).

Example 42 Synthesis of2-((S)-2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(cyclopropylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile

Step 1

To a 250 mL of sealed tube was added ethyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropanoate(19.4 g, 0.1 mol, 1.0 equiv), cyclopropanamine (11.4 g, 0.2 mol, 2.0equiv), K₂CO₃ (27.6 g, 0.2 mol, 2.0 equiv), KI (1.66 g, 0.01 mol, 0.1equiv) and 200 mL of MeCN. The mixture was stirred at 100° C. for 12 hthen cooled to room temperature and the solids were filtered. Thefiltrate was concentrated and purified on silica gel column eluting withpet. ether/ethyl acetate=4/1 to give 8.0 g (46%) of ethyl2-(cyclopropylamino)-2-methylpropanoate.

Step 2

To a solution of LiAlH₄ (760 mg, 20 mmol, 1.0 equiv) in THF (50 mL) wasadded ethyl 2-(cyclopropylamino)-2-methylpropanoate (3.42 g, 20 mmol,1.0 equiv) in THF (10 mL) at 0° C. under N₂. The resulting suspensionwas stirred at 0° C. for 2 h. The reaction was quenched withNa₂SO₄.10H₂O (3.0 g) at 0° C. The solid was filtered off and thefiltrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. This resulted in2-(cyclopropylamino)-2-methylpropan-1-ol 1.3 g (50%) as a white solid.

Step 3

To a solution of oxalyl chloride (11.43 g, 90 mmol, 1.5 equiv) in DCM(300 mL) was added DMSO (11.7 g, 150 mmol, 2.5 equiv) at −78° C. underN₂ atmosphere. The resulting mixture was stirred for 0.5 h then asolution of 2-(cyclopropylamino)-2-methylpropan-1-ol (7.74 g, 60 mmol,1.0 equiv) in DCM (20 mL) was added dropwise at −78° C. and then stirredfor another 1 h. Then TEA (36.4 g, 0.36 mol, 6.0 equiv) was added andstirring was continued for 20 min at room temperature. The reaction wasthen diluted with DCM (200 mL) and washed with aq. NaHCO₃ and brine,dried over Na₂SO₄, concentrated to give the crude product, which waspurified with distillation under reduced pressure. This resulted in 1.0g (13%) of 2-(cyclopropylamino)-2-methylpropanal was obtained as acolorless oil.

Step 4

A solution of3-((S)-2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-oxopropanenitrile(118 mg, 0.25 mmol, 1.0 equiv), 2-(cyclopropylamino)-2-methylpropanal(0.16 g, 1.25 mmol, 5.0 equiv) and one drop of piperidine in MeCN (10mL) was stirred overnight at 40° C. The solvent was removed and theresidue was purified on Prep-HPLC. Conditions:(1#-Pre-HPLC-001(SHIMADZU)): Column, SunFire Prep C18, 19*150 mm 5 um;mobile phase, water with 0.05% TFA and CH₃CN (40% CH₃CN up to 100% in 20min); Detector, 254 nm. This resulted in 40 mg (27%) of the titlecompound as a white solid and bis TFA salt. LC-MS: m/z 581 (M+H⁺).H¹-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃+D₂O, ppm): 8.33 (s, 1H), 7.54-7.43 (m, 3H), 7.33(s, 1H), 7.28-7.25 (m, 1H), 7.07 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 6.94 (dd, J=8.4, 2.0Hz, 1H), 6.85 (dd, J=11.6, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 4.89-4.64 (m, 3H), 3.65-3.52 (m,2H), 2.78 (m, 1H), 2.14-1.79 (m, 4H), 1.57-1.55 (d, 6H), 1.20 (m, 2H),0.98 (m, 2H).

Example 43 Synthesis of2-((S)-2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-(2-methoxyethylamino)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile

To a suspension of4-amino-2-((S)-2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrile(210 mg, 0.39 mmol, 1.0 equiv), KI (130 mg, 0.78 mmol, 2.0 equiv) andpotassium carbonate (166 mg, 1.17 mmol, 3.0 equiv) in CH₃CN (15 mL) wasadded 1-bromo-2-methoxyethane (160 mg, 1.17 mmol, 3.0 equiv). Theresulting suspension was stirred at 50° C. overnight. The solvent wasremoved under reduced pressure and then water (20 mL) was added to theresidue. The resulting mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (30mL*3). The organic layers were combined, washed with brine, dried oversodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified on Prep-HPLC.Conditions: (1#-Pre-HPLC-001(SHIMADZU)): Column, SunFire Prep C18,19*150 mm 5 um; mobile phase, WATER WITH 0.5% NH4OH and CH3CN (40% CH3CNup to 100% in 20 min); Detector, 254 nm. This resulted in 8.7 mg (3.7%)of the title compound as an off-white solid. MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 599(M+1) H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃, ppm): 8.38 (s, 1H), 7.54 (t, J=8.4, 7.2 Hz,1H), 7.45 (t, J=7.6, 8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.28-7.25 (m, 1H), 7.13 (d, J=8.0 Hz,2H), 6.95 (dd, J=8.4, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 6.87 (dd, J=11.2, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 6.77(s, 1H), 5.42 (brs, 2H), 4.93-4.90 (m, 1H), 4.83-4.82 (m, 1H), 4.70-4.65(m, 1H), 3.67-3.65 (m, 5H), 3.36 (s, 3H), 3.36-3.31 (m, 1H), 2.20-2.89(m, 3H), 1.88-1.71 (m, 1H), 1.61-1.51 (m, 4H), 1.35 (s, 3H), 1.33 (s,3H).

Example 44 Synthesis of2-{2-[4-amino-5-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-ylmethyl]-pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl}-3-cyclopropyl-acrylonitrile

Step 1

The mixture of2-(4-amino-5-iodo-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-ylmethyl)-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester (500.00 mg, 1.13 mmol, 1.0 eq),3-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl-boronic acid (240.00 mg, 1.13 mmol, 1.0 eq),Pd(PPh₃)₄ (100.00 mg) and Na₂CO₃ (300.00 mg, 2.83 mmol, 2.5 eq) indioxane/H₂O (40/10 ml) was stirred at 90° C. for 4 h. The reactionmixture was concentrated and purified by Pre-TLC to afford 400 mg (70%)of2-[4-amino-5-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-ylmethyl]-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester.

Step 2

To a solution of2-[4-amino-5-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-ylmethyl]-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester (400 mg, 0.79 mmol) in 10 ml of DCM, was added TFA(10 ml). The reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 2 h. The mixture wasthen concentrated to give5-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)-7-pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ylamine(320 mg), which was used in the next step without any furtherpurification.

Step 3

To a mixture of5-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)-7-pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ylamine(100 mg, 0.25 mmol, 1.0 eq), 2-cyano-3-cyclopropyl-acrylic acid (42 mg,0.3 mmol, 1.2 eq) and DIEA (97 mg, 0.75 mmol, 3.0 eq) in 10 ml of DCMwas added HATU (145 mg, 0.38 mmol, 1.5 eq). The mixture was stirred for4 h at RT under N₂. LCMS showed the reaction was completed. The reactionmixture was concentrated and purified by Pre-TLC to provide 71 mg (54%)of the title compound. LCMS: m/z 523.2 (M+H)⁺. ¹HNMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆):δ 0.866˜0.920 (m, 2H), 1.177˜1.194 (m, 2H), 1.569 (m, 1H), 1.721 (m,2H), 1.883 (m, 2H), 3.200 (m, 2H), 3.511 (m, 1H), 4.360˜4.475 (m, 2H),6.125 (m, 2H), 6.642˜6.664 (m, 1H), 6.898˜6.920 (m, 1H), 6.977˜7.010 (m,1H), 7.150˜7.232 (m, 4H), 7.371˜7.471 (m, 3H) and 8.131 (m, 1H).

Example 45 Synthesis of(R)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-3-(1-aminocyclopropyl)acrylonitrile

Step 1

To a solution of tert-butyl (1-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropyl)carbamate(Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 2008, 18(6), 2188) (135 mg, 0.72 mmoles) inDCM (8 mL) was added Dess-Martin periodinane (277 mg, 0.65 mmole). Afterstirring 1 hr, the reaction was filtered through celite and concentratedto a yellow oil which was further purified by Isolera (7%-70% ethylacetate/hexanes) to provide 84 mg (87%) of tert-butyl(1-formylcyclopropyl)-carbamate as a white solid.

Step 2

To a solution of3-[(2R)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propanenitrile(100.mg, 0.2100 mmol) dissolved in methanol (4 mL) and DCM (4 mL) wasadded piperidine (0.1 mL, 0.8500 mmol) and tert-butylN-(1-formylcyclopropyl)carbamate (58.9 mg, 0.3200 mmol). The reactionwas heated to reflux for 6 hrs and then cooled and concentrated. Theresidue was and dissolved in ethyl acetate (50 mL) and washed with water(50 mL) and then brine. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filteredand concentrated. The residue was purified by Isolera (1%-8% MeOH/DCM)to provide 39 mg (13% yield) of tert-butylN-[1-[3-[(2R)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-2-cyano-3-oxo-prop-1-enyl]cyclopropyl]carbamate.

Step 3

To a solution of tert-butylN-[1-[3-[(2R)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-2-cyano-3-oxo-prop-1-enyl]cyclopropyl]carbamate(27 mg, 0.04 mmol) in DCM (3 mL) was added TFA (1 mL). The solution wasstirred for 5 hrs. and then concentrated. The residue was purified byprep-TLC (5% MeOH/DCM) to provide 2.68 mg (12%) of the title compound.MS (pos. ion) m/z: 539 (M+1).

Example 46 Synthesis of2-[(2S)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl]-4-methyl-4-morpholino-pent-2-enenitrile

To a sealed tube was added3-[(2S)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propanenitrile(900 mg, 1.91 mmol), ethanol (12 mL), piperidine (0.23 mL, 2.29 mmol)and 2-methyl-2-morpholino-propanal (0.49 mL, 2.86 mmol). The tube wassealed and heated to 105° C. for 24 hrs. The mixture was then cooled,concentrated and then dissolved in ethyl acetate (100 mL) and washedwith 5% citric acid (100 ml) and then brine. The organic layer was dried(MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated. The crude material was purified byIsolera (column size 100 g. Solvent system 4%-8% MeOH/EtOAc) to obtain245 mg (21% yield) of the title compound. MS (pos. ion) m/z: 611 (M+1).

Proceeding as described above by substituting3-[(2S)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propanenitrilewith(R)-3-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-3-oxopropanenitrile,(R)-2-(3-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-morpholinopent-2-enenitrilewas prepared.

Example 47 Synthesis of2-[(2S)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl]-4-methyl-4-morpholino-pent-2-enenitrile

To a sealed tube was added3-[(2R)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propanenitrile(762.6 mg, 1.62 mmol), 2-methyl-2-morpholino-propanal (508.54 mg, 3.23mmol), piperidine (0.08 mL, 0.81 mmol) and ethanol (6 mL). The tube wassealed and heated at 100° C. After 22 hrs, the reaction was cooled andevaporated. The residue was purified by Isolera (column size 100 g,3%-7% MeOH/EtOAc) to obtain 550 mg (56% yield) of the title compound. MS(pos. ion) m/z: 611 (M+1).

Example 48 Synthesis of2-[(2R)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl]-4-methyl-4-(1-piperidyl)pent-2-enenitrile

A solution of3-[(2R)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propanenitrile(150.mg, 0.32 mmol), piperidine (0.03 mL, 0.32 mmol) and2-methyl-2-(1-piperidyl)propanal (74.08 mg, 0.48 mmol) in ethanol (8 mL)was heated in a sealed tube at 90° C. for 16 hrs. The solution wascooled and concentrated. The residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate andwashed with 5% citric acid and brine and then dried (MgSO₄), filteredand concentrated. The crude material was purified by Isolera (10 gramscolumn at 0% to 6% MeOH/ethyl acetate) to obtain 15 mg (8%) of the titlecompound. MS (pos. ion) m/z: 609 (M+1).

Example 49 Synthesis of2-[(2S)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl]-4-methyl-4-(1-piperidyl)pent-2-enenitrile

To a microwave vial was added3-[(2S)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propanenitrile(139.3 mg, 0.30 mmol), piperidine (0.04 mL, 0.35 mmol),2-methyl-2-(1-piperidyl)propanal (68.8 mg, 0.4400 mmol) and toluene (3mL). The vial was heated under microwave conditions at 160° C. for 3hrs. The reaction was cooled and concentrated, then dissolved in ethylacetate (30 mL) and washed with 2M HCl. The aqueous layer was basifiedto pH˜7.5 with sat. NaHCO₃ and washed with ethyl acetate. The organiclayer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated and the crudematerial was purified by Isolera (1%-10% MeOH/ethyl acetate) to obtain32 mg (18%) of the title compound. MS (pos. ion) m/z: 609 (M+1).

Example 50 Synthesis ofN-[(1R)-2-[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]-1-methyl-ethyl]-2-cyano-4-ethoxy-4-methyl-pent-2-enamide

Step 1

To a solution of tert-butyl N-[(1R)-2-hydroxy-1-methyl-ethyl]carbamate(1.9 g, 10.8 mmol), 3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine (2.0 g,7.7 mmol), and PPh₃ (6.1 g, 23.2 mmol) in THF (80 mL) cooled with an icebath was added DIAD (3.0 mL, 15.5 mmol; in 28 mL of THF) dropwise over a1 hour period. The reaction was then stirred for 24 h at roomtemperature. The mixture was diluted into ethyl acetate (50 mL) andwashed with water and brine. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄),filtered and concentrated. The resulting material was suspended in 20%ethyl acetate in dioxane (1000 mL) and sonicate for 1 hr. The solid wascollected by filtration to obtain 2.1 g (66%) of tert-butylN-[(1R)-2-(4-amino-3-iodo-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)-1-methyl-ethyl]carbamateas a white solid.

Step 2

To a microwave tube was added tert-butylN-[(1R)-2-(4-amino-3-iodo-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)-1-methyl-ethyl]carbamate(1.7 g, 4.1 mmol), (2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)boronic acid (1.4 g, 6.1mmol), K₂CO₃ (1.27 g, 9.2 mmol), andtetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (213 mg, 0.18 mmol) and1,4-dioxane (12 mL) and water (3 mL). The mixture was capped and heatedunder microwave conditions for 140° C. for 10 minutes. The reaction wascooled and diluted with ethyl acetate (50 mL) and washed with water (50mL) and brine. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered andevaporated to obtain 2.56 g of crude tert-butylN-[(1R)-2-[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]-1-methyl-ethyl]carbamate.This was used in the next step without further purification.

Step 3

To a solution of tert-butylN-[(1R)-2-[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]-1-methyl-ethyl]carbamate(2.56 g, 5.35 mmol) in DCM (20 mL) was added 4N HCl in dioxane (15 ml).After stirring 18 h at room temperature, the reaction was diluted withDCM (100 mL) and extracted with water (200 mL). The aqueous layer waswashed again with DCM (50 mL). The aqueous layer was placed in a 2 Lbeaker along with ethyl acetate (50 mL) and stirred while adding NaOH(beads) to adjust the pH to ˜11. More ethyl acetate (100 mL) was addedand then the layers were separated and the aqueous layer was washed withethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine andthen dried (MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated to obtain 1.8 g (90%) of1-[(2R)-2-aminopropyl]-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amineas a solid.

Step 4

To a solution of1-[(2R)-2-aminopropyl]-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine(1826.mg, 4.83 mmol), 2-cyanoacetic acid (821 mg, 9.7 mmol) and TEA (2.0mL, 14.5 mmol) in DMF (25 mL) was added HATU (2.75 g, 7.24 mmol). Thereaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 hr. The mixturewas then evaporated to an oil and dissolved in ethyl acetate (100 mL)and washed with 5% citric acid (50 mL) and brine. The organic layer wasdried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated. The crude material was purifiedby Isolera (10 g col, 2%-6% MeOH/DCM) to obtain 2.1 g (98%) ofN-[(1R)-2-[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]-1-methyl-ethyl]-2-cyano-acetamide.

Step 5

To a sealed tube was addedN-[(1R)-2-[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]-1-methyl-ethyl]-2-cyano-acetamide(105 mg, 0.24 mmol), piperidine (0.01 mL, 0.12 mmol),2-ethoxy-2-methyl-propanal (0.07 mL, 0.47 mmol) and ethanol (4 mL). Thetube was capped, and heated to 85° C. for 60 hrs. The reaction wascooled and evaporated. The resulting crude oil was dissolved in DCM (30mL) and washed with water (30 mL) and brine, then dried (MgSO₄),filtered and concentrated. The resulting material was purified byIsolera (10 g column, 3%-7% MeOH/DCM) to obtain 10 mg (8%) of the titlecompound. MS (pos. ion) m/z: 544 (M+1).

Example 51 Synthesis of4-amino-N-[(1R)-2-[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]-1-methyl-ethyl]-2-cyano-4-methyl-pent-2-enamideHCl

Step 1

To a sealed tube was addedN-[(1R)-2-[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]-1-methyl-ethyl]-2-cyano-acetamide(160 mg, 0.36 mmol), tert-butyl N-(1,1-dimethyl-2-oxo-ethyl)carbamate(0.13 mL, 0.54 mmol) piperidine (0.02 mL, 0.18 mmol) and ethanol (4 mL).The tube was capped and heated to 110° C. for 2 hrs. The reaction wascooled and concentrated then dissolved in ethyl acetate (30 mL) andwashed with water (30 mL) and brine. The organic layer was dried(MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated. The crude material was purified byisolera (25 g column, 2%-7% MeOH/DCM) to obtain 77 mg, (35%) oftert-butylN-[4-[[(1R)-2-[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]-1-methyl-ethyl]amino]-3-cyano-1,1-dimethyl-4-oxo-but-2-enyl]carbamateas a solid. MS (pos. ion) m/z: 615 (M+1).

Step 2

To a solution of tert-butylN-[4-[[(1R)-2-[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]-1-methyl-ethyl]amino]-3-cyano-1,1-dimethyl-4-oxo-but-2-enyl]carbamate(71 mg, 0.12 mmol) in methanol (1 mL) was added 4N HCl in Dioxane (2mL). The solution was stirred for 4 days and then it was added dropwiseto stirring ethyl ether (70 mL). The suspension was stirred for 30minutes and then filtered and rinse with ethyl ether (10 mL) to obtain57 mg (95%) of the title compound as an HCl salt.

Example 52 Synthesis of2-[(2R)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl]-3-[(2S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl]prop-2-enenitrileHCl

Step 1

To a sealed tube was added3-[(2R)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propanenitrile(507 mg, 1.07 mmol), tert-butyl (2S)-2-formylpyrrolidine-1-carboxylate(0.2, mL, 1.1 mmol), piperidine (0.05 mL, 0.54 mmol) and ethanol (3 mL).The tube was capped and heated to 100° C. for 16 hrs. The reaction wasnot complete so an additional amount of tert-butyl(2S)-2-formylpyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (732 mg, 3 eq) was added andheating was continued for 4 hrs at 110° C. The reaction was cooled andconcentrated then dissolved in DCM (50 mL) and washed with water (50 mL)and brine. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered andconcentrated. The resulting material was purified by Isolera (250 gcolumn; 2%-3% MeOH/DCM) to provide 403 mg (57%) of tert-butyl(2S)-2-[3-[(2R)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-2-cyano-3-oxo-prop-1-enyl]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylateas a solid.

Step 2

To a solution of tert-butyl(2S)-2-[3-[(2R)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-2-cyano-3-oxo-prop-1-enyl]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate(84 mg, 0.13 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (2 mL) and added 4N HCl in dioxane(0.16 mL). The solution was stirred for 16 hr at room temperature thenconcentrated. The residue was dissolved in methanol (˜1 mL) and addeddropwise to ethyl ether (20 mL) while stirring. The resulting solid wascollected by filtration to provide 42 mg (59%) of the title compound asan HCl salt. MS (pos. ion) m/z: 553 (M+1).

Example 53 Synthesis ofN—((S)-1-(4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)propan-2-yl)-2-cyano-4-methylpent-2-enamide

Step 1

Into a 500-mL 3-necked round-bottom flask purged and maintained with aninert atmosphere of nitrogen, to a mixture of3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine (7.83 g, 30.00 mmol, 1.00equiv), TPP (11.8 g, 44.99 mmol, 1.50 equiv), tetrahydrofuran (200 mL),tert-butyl N-[(2S)-1-hydroxypropan-2-yl]carbamate (6.3 g, 35.95 mmol,1.00 equiv) was added DIAD (9.1 g, 45.00 mmol, 1.50 equiv) was addeddropwise at 0° C. Most of the solvent was removed under reduced pressureand the solid was collected by filtration, which was washed with pet.ether. This resulted in 5.6 g (45%) oftert-butyl-N-[(2S)-1-[4-amino-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]propan-2-yl]carbamateas a yellow powder solid.

Step 2

A mixture of tert-butylN-[(2S)-1-[4-amino-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]propan-2-yl]carbamate(3.5 g, 8.37 mmol, 1.00 equiv), Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (310 mg, 0.42 mmol, 0.05equiv), potassium carbonate (3.5 g, 25.32 mmol, 3.00 equiv),(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)boronic acid (2.05 g, 8.84 mmol, 1.10 equiv)in dioxane/H₂O (4/1) (50 mL) was stirred for 4 h at 100° C. Theresulting mixture was concentrated under vacuum. The residue was appliedonto a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1/1). Thisresulted in 3.7 g (92%) of tert-butylN-[(2S)-1-[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]propan-2-yl]carbamateas a yellow solid.

Step 3

A mixture of tert-butylN-[(2S)-1-[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]propan-2-yl]carbamate(3.7 g, 7.73 mmol, 1.00 equiv) and trifluoroacetic acid (10 mL) indichloromethane (40 mL) was stirred at room temperature overnight. Theresulting mixture was concentrated under vacuum. This resulted in 4.5 g(crude) of1-[(2S)-2-aminopropyl]-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine;trifluoroacetic acid as a brown solid.

Step 4

To a mixture ofN-[(2R)-1-[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]propan-2-yl]-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide(4.5 g, 9.49 mmol, 1.00 equiv), triethylamine (4.6 g, 45.4 mmol, 6.00equiv), 2-cyanoacetic acid (980 mg, 11.52 mmol, 1.50 equiv) in DMF (40mL) was added HATU (4.4 g, 11.57 mmol, 1.50 equiv). The resultingsolution was stirred overnight at room temperature and then diluted with50 mL of water. The solid was filtrated off and washed with pet. ether.This resulted in 2.5 g (59%, two step) ofN-[(2S)-1-[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]propan-2-yl]-2-cyanoacetamideas a yellow solid.

Step 5

A suspension ofN-[(2S)-1-[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]propan-2-yl]-2-cyanoacetamide(250 mg, 0.56 mmol, 1.00 equiv), 2-methylpropanal (81 mg, 1.12 mmol,2.00 equiv) and piperidine (47 mg, 0.55 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in methanol(15 mL) was stirred at room temperature overnight. The resulting mixturewas concentrated under vacuum. The residue was applied onto a silica gelcolumn with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1/1). The purified productwas re-purified on Prep-HPLC eluting with TFA (0.05%)/H₂O and CH₃CN. Theorganic phase was removed off under reduced pressure. The aqueous phasewas adjusted to 10 with potassium carbonate, which was extracted withDCM. The organic layers were combined, washed with brine, dried oversodium sulfated, filtrated and concentrated. This resulted in 46.4 mg(17%) of the title compound as a white solid. LC-MS m/z: 500 (M+1).¹H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃, ppm): 8.49 (s, 1H), 8.12 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 7.60(t, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (m, 3H), 7.25-7.21 (m, 1H), 7.13 (d, J=8.4 Hz,2H), 6.94 (dd, J=8.4, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 6.88 (dd, J=11.2, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 5.51(brs, 2H), 4.74-4.55 (m, 3H), 3.00-2.95 (m, 1H), 1.21 (d, J=6.8, 3H),1.15 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 6H).

Example 542-[(2S)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]-pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl]-3-(3-methyloxetan-3-yl)prop-2-enenitrile

To a slurry of3-[(2S)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propanenitrile(74.mg, 0.16 mmol) in ethanol (3 mL) was added3-methyloxetane-3-carbaldehyde (78.54 mg, 0.78 mmol) and then piperidine(0.02 mL, 0.16 mmol) and the mixture heated to 80° C. with stirring.After 3 h, the mixture was cooled and partitioned between ethyl acetateand water. The organic phase was washed with brine, dried over sodiumsulfate, and the filtered. Solvents were removed to afford an oil whichwas purified by column chromatography (gradient from neat methylenechloride to 95-5 methylene chloride:MeOH). The pure fractions wereconcentrated, then taken up in acetonitrile/water, frozen andlyophilized to afford2-[(2S)-2-[[4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxy-phenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]methyl]pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl]-3-(3-methyloxetan-3-yl)prop-2-enenitrileas a colorless solid weighing 14 mg.

Biological Examples Tyrosine Kinase TR-FRET Assay

Inhibition of tyrosine kinase enzymatic activity by compounds ismeasured using time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer(TR-FRET) (Invitrogen pamphlet: Optimization of a LanthaScreen Kinaseassay for BTK). Here, a signal is observed only when a Europium-coupledphophotyrosine antibody binds the phosphorylated peptide. Compounds arefirst prepared in 100% DMSO and serially diluted 10 times via 3-folddilution. 2.5 μl of inhibitor at 4-fold the final assay concentration isnext transferred to the 384-well assay plate (Corning Catalog #3676). Asolution of 2-fold the final concentration of appropriate kinase enzymeand Alexafluor 647-coupled peptide substrate (Invitrogen Catalog #5693)is next prepared in advance in a kinase buffer of 50 mM Hepes pH 7.5, 10mM MgCl2, and 1 mM EGTA. For this solution, the final concentration ofthe appropriate kinase and peptide is typically 1 nM and 100 nM,respectively. 5 μL of this 2-fold mix of kinase and peptide is added asthe second step of the procedure to the 384-well assay plate.

To initiate the enzymatic reaction, 2.5 μl of a 4-fold excess ATPsolution in kinase buffer is added to the 384-well assay plate. FinalATP concentration is typically set to the Km for ATP. The reaction isallowed to proceed for 60 minutes. During the kinase reaction, a stopsolution consisting of EDTA and a Europium-containing phosphotyrosineantibody (Invtrogen Catalog #5692) is prepared in TR-FRET dilutionbuffer (Invitrogen Catalog #3574). The stop solution contains an EDTAconcentration of 20 mM and an antibody concentration of 4 nM. After the60 minute reaction, 10 μl of the stop solution is added to all wells.Each well is mixed and incubated for 30 minutes at room temperature.Plates are read on a Perkin Elmer Envision TR-FRET plate reader underLanthaScreen settings. Excitation wavelength is 337 nm and Emissionwavelengths are 620 nm and 665 nm. Data are acquired as the ratio ofemission at 665 nm/emission at 620 nm and plotted as a function ofcompound concentration to ascertain compound potency. Here, a signal isobserved only when a Europium-coupled phophotyrosine antibody binds thephosphorylated peptide.

Example 2 BTK Radiometric Enzyme Assay

BTK activity is measured by product formation based on the incorporationof ³³PO₄ from [33P]ATP into a biotin-tagged substrate peptide (see DinhM., et. al., Activation mechanism and steady state kinetics of Bruton'styrosine kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 282:8768-76. 2007). The peptide Isisolated from unreacted [³³P]ATP using streptavidin-coated beads. Eachwell of a 96-well V bottom plate (Greiner, Monroe, N.C.), contains assaybuffer (8 mM imidazole, pH 7.2, 8 mM glycerol 2-phosphate, 200 uM EGTA,20 mM MgCl2, 1 mM MnCl₂, 0.1 mg/ml bovine serum albumin, and 2 mMdithiothreitol) which was combined to 40 ul with a mixture of substratesdissolved in assay buffer such that the final concentrations were 1 uCiof [³³P]ATP, 100 uM ATP, and peptide substrate(biotin-Aca-AAAEEIYGEI-NH2). Initiation of the reaction is by additionof BTK to a final concentration of 10 nM. The reaction is incubated at30° C. for 15 min. The reaction is stopped by transferring 25 ul ofsample to a 96-well 1.2-um hydrophilic polyvinylidene difluoride filterplate (Millipore, Billerica, Mass.) containing 10%streptavidin-Sepharose beads (GE Healthcare) dissolved inphosphate-buffered saline plus 50 mM EDTA. Filter plates are washed with2 M NaCl, then with 2 M NaCl with 1% phosphoric acid, and then with H₂O.Plates were allowed to dry and microscint-20 (PerkinElmer Life Sciences,Boston, Mass.) was added. The [³³P]phosphoproduct is detected by atop-count scintillation counter. The enzyme activity is calculated foreach data point. The corrected number of counts in each well isdetermined by subtracting the background counts from the measuredcounts. This value is then divided by the total number of counts thatwere originally present in the solution (determined by spotting andcounting an equivalent volume of unwashed sample on a filter plate) andmultiplied by the concentration of ATP in solution to give theconcentration of phosphorylated product formed. Selectivity for BTK willbe determined using commercially available kinase cross-screeningservices (DiscoveRx, San Diego, Calif.).

Example 3 BTK TR-FRET Assay

Inhibition of BTK enzymatic activity by compounds is measured usingtime-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET)(Invitrogen pamphlet: Optimization of a LanthaScreen Kinase assay forBTK). Here, a signal is observed only when a Europium-coupledphophotyrosine antibody binds the phosphorylated peptide. Compounds arefirst prepared in 100% DMSO and serially diluted 10 times via 3-folddilution. 2.5 ul of inhibitor at 4-fold the final assay concentration isnext transferred to the 384-well assay plate (Corning Catalog #3676). Asolution of 2-fold the final concentration of BTK enzyme (InvitrogenCatalog #PV3363) and Alexafluor 647-coupled peptide substrate(Invitrogen Catalog #5693) is next prepared in advance in a kinasebuffer of 50 mM Hepes pH 7.5, 10 mM MgCl2, and 1 mM EGTA. For thissolution, the final concentration of BTK and peptide is typically 1 nMand 100 nM, respectively. 5 uL of this 2-fold mix of BTK and peptide isadded as the second step of the procedure to the 384-well assay plate.To initiate the enzymatic reaction, 2.5 ul of a 4-fold excess ATPsolution in kinase buffer is added to the 384-well assay plate. FinalATP concentration is typically set to the Km for ATP of 100 uM. Thereaction is allowed to proceed for 60 minutes. During the kinasereaction, a stop solution consisting of EDTA and a Europium-containingphosphotyrosine antibody (Invtrogen Catalog #5692) is prepared inTR-FRET dilution buffer (Invitrogen Catalog #3574). The stop solutioncontains an EDTA concentration of 20 mM and an antibody concentration of4 nM. After the 60 minute reaction, 10 ul of the stop solution is addedto all wells. Each well is mixed and incubated for 30 minutes at roomtemperature. Plates are read on a Perkin Elmer Envision TR-FRET platereader under LanthaScreen settings. Excitation wavelength is 337 nm andEmission wavelengths are 620 nm and 665 nm. Data are acquired as theratio of emission at 665 nm/emission at 620 nm and plotted as a functionof compound concentration to ascertain compound potency. Here, a signalis observed only when a Europium-coupled phophotyrosine antibody bindsthe phosphorylated peptide.

Example 4 Cellular BTK Activity Measured by Reporter Assay in RamosCells

The beta lactamase-based select-screen reporter assay is used to measureBTK cell-based activity (Invitrogen Selectscreen Screening Protocol andAssay Conditions document. Revised 8 Feb. 2010). 32 μL of NFAT-bla RA1(Invitrogen) cells diluted in Assay Media to appropriate cell densityare added to the Poly-D-Lysine assay plate containing 4 μL of a 10×serial dilution of a BTK control compound or test compounds.Pre-incubation at 37° C./5% CO2 in a humidified incubator with compoundsand control inhibitor titration is for 30 minutes. 4 μL of 10× controlactivator Goat anti-Human IgM at the pre-determined EC80 concentrationis added to wells containing the control inhibitor or compounds. Theplate is incubated for 5 hours at 37° C./5% CO₂ in a humidifiedincubator. 8 μL of 1 μM Substrate Loading Solution is added to each welland the plate is incubated for 2 hours at room temperature. The plate isread on a fluorescence plate reader and the data is analyzed. A responseratio is calculated from the emissions of cleaved and uncleavedsubstrate. The response ratio of wells with compound dilutions iscompared with wells that contain only DMSO to calculate the percentinhibition at each compound concentration. A dose response curve isconstructed and an IC₅₀ is calculated.

Example 5 Btk Enzymatic Activity Assay

A Caliper-based kinase assay (Caliper Life Sciences, Hopkinton, Mass.)was used to measure inhibition of Btk kinase activity of a compound ofFormula (IA), (I′) or (I). Serial dilutions of test compounds wereincubated with human recombinant Btk (2 nM), ATP (40 μM) and aphosphoacceptor peptide substrate FAM-GEEPLYWSFPAKKK-NH₂ (1 μM) at roomtemperature for 3 h. The reaction was then terminated with EDTA, finalconcentration 20 mM and the phosphorylated reaction product wasquantified on a Caliper Desktop Profiler (Caliper LabChip 3000). Percentinhibition was calculated for each compound dilution and theconcentration that produced 50% inhibition was calculated. This value ispresented as the IC₅₀. The IC₅₀ for a representative no. of compounds ofthe disclosure are provided below.

Cpd # IC₅₀ (um) Cpd # IC₅₀ (um) Cpd Table 1 1 0.0031 7 .0013 2 .0037 8.13 3 .175 9 .98 4 .061 10 .0054 5 .001 11 .014 6 .365 15A 0.0017 17A.0021 24A .0062 18A .0023 25A .0096 22A .0018 27A .004 28 .017 30A .001731A .002 36A .0043 32A .0017 37A .0042 34 .0048 39A .0071 35A .0044 22B.0026 25B 0.14 44A 0.005 27B 0.0006 44B 0.003 39B 0.0038 54A 0.002 41A0.0032 56A 0.0033 43A 0.0018 57B 0.01 63B 0.033 69A 0.005 65B 0.056 70A0.011 67 0.027 72A 0.0016 42A .0028 72B 0.028 73B 0.011 79B 0.003 77B0.007 59B 0.026 71A 0.007 80B 0.004 74B 0.008 81A 0.0044 75B 0.10 81B0.0059 76B 0.007 82A 0.0022 78B 0.0075 82B 0.113 87B 0.012 83A 0.001484A 0.0036 83B 0.016 84B 0.0004 85A 0.0004 85B 0.0172 89A 3.1 87B 0.01289B 6.6 88B 0.029 90A 0.052 95A 0.0265 95B 0.0032 102A 0.002 102B 0.006104A 0.001 104B 0.020 105A 0.0013 105B 0.0255 106A 0.006 124A 0.002 106B0.0015 126A 0.003 133A 0.007 139A 0.0007 156A 0.0073 171B 0.007 173B0.034 175A 0.003 175B 0.001 182B 0.002 183B 0.003 184B 0.005 185B 0.011186 0.0037 188 0.0007 195 0.006 180A 0.037 180B 0.004 162A 0.0009 197B0.0325 29A 0.0027 125A 0.002 Cpd Table 2 1 .062 3 .013 2 >1 5 .18 6 >18 >1 9 .62 10 >1

Example 6 Blockade of CD69 Expression in Whole Blood Samples

Activation of the B cell receptor leads to increased BTK activity,calcium mobilization and B cell activation (see Honigberg L. A., et.al., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 107:13075-80. 2010). BTK inhibitors havebeen shown to block B cell activation as measured by CD69 expression(see Karp, R., et. al., Inhibition of BTK with AVL-292 Translates toProtective Activity in Animal Models of Rheumatoid Arthritis.Inflammation Research Association Meeting, September, 2010). We usedexpression of CD69 following B cell activation as a measure of BTKactivity in whole blood. Aliquots of whole blood are pre-incubated withserial dilutions of test compound for 30 minutes followed by activationwith anti-IgM (goat Fab′2, 50 ug/ml). Samples are incubated overnight at37 C and then stained with PE labeled anti-CD20 and APC labeledanti-CD69 (BD Pharmingen) for 30 minutes according to the manufacturer'sdirections. Whole blood is then lysed and cells gated on CD20 expressionare quantified for CD 69 expression by FACS. The percent inhibition iscalculated based on a DMSO control for no inhibition and plotted as afunction of test compound concentration from which an IC₅₀ value iscalculated.

Example 7 Inhibition of Mouse Collagen-Induced Arthritis

Inhibition of murine collagen-induced arthritis (mCIA) is a standardanimal disease model for rheumatoid arthritis. Previous studies havedemonstrated that inhibition of BTK is efficacious in blocking mCIA (seeHonigberg L. A., et. al., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 107:13075-80. 2010).Starting on day 0 DBA/1 mice are injected with an emulsion of Type IIcollagen in Complete Freund's Adjuvant. Mice are boosted 21 days laterto synchronize development of disease. After development of milddisease, animals are enrolled in the study and randomized. Dosing isoral, Q.D. typically for 11 days with test compound or dexamethasone(0.2 mg/kg) as control. One group receives vehicle alone. Clinicalscoring (0-4) is based on the extent of swelling and severity ofarthritis. Scores for all four paws are added for maximum score of 16.Anti-collagen antibodies and total Ig are measured for each animal byElisa at the end of the study (Bolder BioPath, Boulder, Colo.).

Example 8 Recovery of Kinase Activity Upon Dialysis

Standard experimental methods to establish reversibility are known inthe art. Protein dialysis is one such method. A solution containing aprotein kinase that is inhibited by a compound of Formula I may besubjected to extensive dialysis to establish if the kinase inhibitor isreversible. Partial or complete recovery of protein kinase activity overtime during dialysis is indicative of reversibility.

Method:

A compound of Formula I described herein (1 uM) is added to a solutionof protein kinase (50 nM, pre-activated if necessary) in a buffercontaining 20 mM Hepes [pH 8.0], 10 mM MgCl2, 2.5 mMtris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP), 0.25 mg/mL BSA, and 100 uM ATP.After 60 min at rt, the reactions is transferred to a dialysis cassette(0.1-0.5 mL Slide-A-Lyzer, MWCO 10 kDa, Pierce) and dialyzed against 2 Lof buffer (20 mM Hepes [pH 8.0], 10 mM MgCl2, 1 mM DTT) at 4° C. Thedialysis buffer is exchanged after 2 h, and then is exchanged every 24 huntil the end of the experiment. Aliquots are removed from the dialysiscassettes every 24 h, flash frozen in liquid nitrogen, and subsequentlyanalyzed for protein kinase activity in triplicate. Kinase activity foreach sample is normalized to the DMSO control for that time point andexpressed as the mean±SD.

Results: Kinase activity recovers from inhibition by reversible kinaseinhibitors upon dialysis. Upon extensive dialysis at 4° C. or at roomtemperature, kinase activity partially or completely recovers in atime-dependent manner from inhibition by an excess (20 equiv, 1.0 uM) ofreversible kinase inhibitor.

Example 9 Mass Spectral Analysis

A protein kinase that is inhibited by compound of Formula I may besubjected to mass spectral analysis to assess the formation ofpermanent, irreversible covalent adducts. Suitable analytical methods toexamine intact full protein or peptide fragments generated upon trypticcleavage of the protein kinase are generally known in the art. Suchmethods identify permanent, irreversible covalent protein adducts byobserving a mass peak that corresponds to the mass of a control sampleplus the mass of an irreversible adduct. Two such methods are describedbelow.

Mass Spectral Analysis of Intact Full Kinase

Method:

A protein kinase (5 uM) is incubated with a compound of Formula I (25uM, 5 equiv) for 1 h at room temperature in buffer (20 mM Hepes [pH8.0], 100 mM NaCl, 10 mM MgCl2). A control sample is also prepared whichdoes not have a compound of Formula I.

The reaction is stopped by adding an equal volume of 0.4% formic acid,and the samples are analyzed by liquid chromatography (Microtrap C18Protein column [Michrom Bioresources], 5% MeCN, 0.2% formic acid, 0.25mL/min; eluted with 95% MeCN, 0.2% formic acid) and in-line ESI massspectrometry (LCT Premier, Waters). Molecular masses of the proteinkinase and any adducts may be determined with MassLynx deconvolutionsoftware.

Results: High-resolution intact mass spectrometry analysis of a kinasethat is inhibited by a compound of Formula I will reveal a spectrumsimilar to the kinase in the absence of inhibitor (e.g. control sample).There will be no formation of a new peak in the mass spectrumcorresponding to the molecular mass of the kinase plus the molecularmass of the compound of Formula I. On the basis of this experiment nopermanent, irreversible protein adduct will be apparent to one skilledin the art.

Mass Spectral Analysis of Kinase Tryptic Digest

Method:

A protein (10-100 pmols) is incubated with a compound of Formula I(100-1000 pmols, 10 equiv) for 3 hrs prior to tryptic digestion.Iodoacetamide may be used as the alkylating agent after compoundincubation. A control sample is also prepared which does not thecompound of Formula I. For tryptic digests a 1 ul aliquot (3.3 pmols) isdiluted with 10 ul of 0.1% TFA prior to micro C18 Zip Tipping directlyonto the MALDI target using alpha cyano-4-hydroxy cinnamic acid as thedesorption matrix (5 mg/mol in 0.1% TFA:Acetonitrile 50:50) or Sinapinicacid as the desorption matrix (10 mg/mol in 0.1% TFA:Acetonitrile50:50).

Results: High-resolution mass spectrometry analysis of the trypticfragments of a kinase that is inhibited by a compound of Formula I willreveal a spectrum similar to the kinase in the absence of inhibitor(e.g. control sample). There will be no evidence of any modifiedpeptides that are not present in the control sample. On the basis ofthis experiment, no permanent, irreversible protein adducts will beapparent to one skilled in the art. Cellular assays are also optionallyused to assess the inhibiting properties of a compound of Formula Iprovided herein or embodiments thereof. Cellular assays include cellsfrom any appropriate source, including plant and animal cells (such asmammalian cells). The cellular assays are also optionally conducted inhuman cells. Cellular assays of BTK inhibition are well known in theart, and include methods in which an inhibitor is delivered into thecell (e.g. by electroporation, passive diffusion, microinjection and thelike) and an activity endpoint is measured, such as the amount ofphosphorylation of a cellular substrate, the amount of expression of acellular protein, or some other change in the cellular phenotype knownto be affected by the catalytic activity of BTK. For example,phosphorylation of a particular cellular substrate is optionallyassessed using a detection antibody specific or the phosphorylatedcellular substrate followed by western blotting techniques andvisualization using any appropriate means (e.g. fluorescent detection ofa fluorescently labeled antibody).

Measuring the reduction in the BTK catalytic activity in the presence ofan inhibitor disclosed herein relative to the activity in the absence ofthe inhibitor is optionally performed using a variety of methods knownin the art, such as the assays described in the Examples section below.Other methods for assaying BTK activity are known in the art.

Example 10 Determination of Drug-Kinase Residence Time Drug Off-RateAssay

The following is a protocol to distinguish whether a compound displays aslow or non-existent dissociation rate from BTK, such as typically wouldoccur if a covalent bond is formed between the compound and the target.The read-out for slow dissociation is the ability of the compound ofinterest to block binding of a high affinity fluorescent tracer moleculeto the kinase active site, as detected using time-resolved fluorescenceresonance energy transfer (TR-FRET). The experiment was conducted in abuffer consisting of 50 mM Hepes pH 7.5, 10 mM MgCl2, 0.01% TritonX-100, and 1 mM EGTA.

The first step of the procedure was incubation of 500 nM BTK (InvitrogenCat. #PV3587) with 1.5 uM of a compound of Formula (IA) for 30 minutesin a volume of 10 uL.

The mixture was then diluted 5-fold by addition of 40 uL of buffer. A 10uL volume of the diluted kinase/compound solution was then added to awell of a small volume 384 well plate (such as Greiner Cat. #784076). Inorder to probe for reversibility of the kinase-compound bindinginteraction, a competition solution containing both a high affinityfluorescent tracer and an antibody coupled to Europium was prepared. ForBTK, the competition solution contained 1.5 uM Tracer 178 (InvitrogenCat. #PV5593), which is a proprietary high affinity ligand for BTKcoupled to the fluorophore AlexaFluor 647. The competition solution alsocontained 80 nM of an Anti-polyhistidine antibody coupled to Europium(Invitrogen Cat. #PV5596) which is designed to bind the polyhistidinepurification tag in BTK.

After addition of 10 uL of the competition solution to the Greinerplate, the mixture was incubated for one hour or greater to allow timefor dissociation of non-covalent inhibitors and binding of the highaffinity tracer. It was expected that covalent and slow dissociatinginhibitors will block binding of the tracer while rapidly dissociatingnon-covalent inhibitors will not. Binding of the tracer to BTK wasdetected using TR-FRET between the Europium moiety of the Anti-histidineantibody and the AlexaFluor 647 group of Tracer 178. Binding wasevaluated using a Perkin Elmer Envision instrument (Model 2101) equippedwith filters and mirrors compatible with LANCE-type TR-FRET experiments.Data were plotted at percentage of signal obtained in the absence ofcompetitor compound. The background signal was obtained by omission ofBTK from the reaction.

Reversibility of Binding

The following approach was developed to differentiate compounds thatform irreversible bonds with their targets, such as acrylamidecompounds, from compound that bind reversibly. Reactions were preparedwith the protein target at a higher concentration than the compounds ofinterest. Both irreversible and reversible compounds bound the targetand became depleted from solution. The reactions were then treated withperturbations including both denaturation with 5 M guanidinehydrochloride and digestion with trypsin, disrupting proper folding ofthe target. It was found that the perturbation returned reversiblecompounds to solution due to dissociation from the target whileirreversible compounds remained bound to the target. The concentrationof compound in solution was assessed both preceding and followingperturbation using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupledto tandem mass spectrometry. Using this technique, it was demonstratedthat an acrylamide-containing compound 1 (shown in table below) wasdepleted from solution in both the native and perturbed state, whilereversible compounds 1 and 27 were depleted in the folded state butreturned to solution following perturbation of the target (See tablebelow).

Compound in Compound in solution in the solution in the denatured or Cpdnative state? digested state?

Irreversible inhibitor no no  1 no yes 27 no yes

Formulation Examples

The following are representative pharmaceutical formulations containinga compound of Formula (IA).

Tablet Formulation

The following ingredients are mixed intimately and pressed into singlescored tablets.

Quantity per tablet Ingredient mg compound of this disclosure 400cornstarch 50 croscarmellose sodium 25 lactose 120 magnesium stearate 5

Capsule Formulation

The following ingredients are mixed intimately and loaded into ahard-shell gelatin capsule.

Quantity per capsule Ingredient mg compound of this disclosure 200lactose spray dried 148 magnesium stearate 2

Injectable Formulation

Compound of the disclosure (e.g., compound I) in 2% HPMC, 1% Tween 80 inDI water, pH 2.2 with MSA, q.s. to at least 20 mg/mL

The foregoing disclosure has been described in some detail by way ofillustration and example, for purposes of clarity and understanding. Itwill be obvious to one of skill in the art that changes andmodifications may be practiced within the scope of the appended claims.Therefore, it is to be understood that the above description is intendedto be illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the disclosureshould, therefore, be determined not with reference to the abovedescription, but should instead be determined with reference to thefollowing appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents towhich such claims are entitled.

All patents, patent applications and publications cited in thisapplication are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety forall purposes to the same extent as if each individual patent, patentapplication or publication were so individually denoted.

What is claimed:
 1. An (R) isomer, (S) isomer, or a mixture of (R) and(S) isomers of a compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereofwherein the compound is4-amino-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-(3-fluorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrilehaving the structure:

4-amino-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrilehaving the structure:

2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-morpholinopent-2-enenitrilehaving the structure:

4-amino-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(4-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrilehaving the structure:

or an (E) or (Z) isomer, or a mixture of (E) and (Z) isomers of any ofthe foregoing.
 2. The (R) isomer, (S) isomer, or a mixture of (R) and(S) isomers of a compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereofof claim 1 wherein the compound is(R)-4-amino-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-(3-fluorophenoxy)-phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrilehaving the structure:

or an (E) or (Z) isomer, or a mixture of (E) and (Z) isomers thereof; ora pharmaceutically acceptable salt of any of the foregoing.
 3. The (R)isomer, (S) isomer, or a mixture of (R) and (S) isomers of a compound ora pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of claim 1 wherein thecompound is(R)-4-amino-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrilehaving the structure:

or an (E) or (Z) isomer, or a mixture of (E) and (Z) isomers thereof; ora pharmaceutically acceptable salt of any of the foregoing.
 4. The (R)isomer, (S) isomer, or a mixture of (R) and (S) isomers of a compound ora pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of claim 1 wherein thecompound is(R,E)-4-amino-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrilehaving the structure:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 5. The (R) isomer, (S)isomer, or a mixture of (R) and (S) isomers of a compound or apharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of claim 1 wherein the compoundis(R,Z)-4-amino-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrilehaving the structure:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 6. The (R) isomer, (S)isomer, or a mixture of (R) and (S) isomers of a compound or apharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of claim 1 wherein the compoundis(S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)-pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-morpholinopent-2-enenitrilehaving the structure:

or an (E) or (Z) isomer, or a mixture of (E) and (Z) isomers thereof; ora pharmaceutically acceptable salt of any of the foregoing.
 7. The (R)isomer, (S) isomer, or a mixture of (R) and (S) isomers of a compound ora pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of claim 1 wherein thecompound is(S,E)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)-pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-morpholinopent-2-enenitrilehaving the structure:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 8. The (R) isomer, (S)isomer, or a mixture of (R) and (S) isomers of a compound or apharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of claim 1 wherein the compoundis(S,Z)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)-pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-morpholinopent-2-enenitrilehaving the structure:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 9. A pharmaceuticalcomposition comprising an (R) isomer, (S) isomer, or a mixture of (R)and (S) isomers or an (E) or (Z) isomer, or a mixture of (E) and (Z)isomers of a compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof ofclaim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
 10. Thepharmaceutical composition of claim 9 wherein the (R) isomer, (S)isomer, or a mixture of (R) and (S) isomers of a compound or apharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is(R)-4-amino-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-(3-fluorophenoxy)-phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrilehaving the structure:

or an (E) or (Z) isomer, or a mixture of (E) and (Z) isomers thereof; ora pharmaceutically acceptable salt of any of the foregoing.
 11. Thepharmaceutical composition of claim 9 wherein the (R) isomer, (S)isomer, or a mixture of (R) and (S) isomers of a compound or apharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is(R)-4-amino-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrilehaving the structure:

or an (E) or (Z) isomer, or a mixture of (E) and (Z) isomers thereof; ora pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of any of the foregoing. 12.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 9 wherein the (R) isomer, (S)isomer, or a mixture of (R) and (S) isomers of a compound or apharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is(R,E)-4-amino-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrilehaving the structure:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 13. The pharmaceuticalcomposition of claim 9 wherein the (R) isomer, (S) isomer, or a mixtureof (R) and (S) isomers of a compound or a pharmaceutically acceptablesalt thereof is(R,Z)-4-amino-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methylpent-2-enenitrilehaving the structure:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 14. The pharmaceuticalcomposition of claim 9 wherein the (R) isomer, (S) isomer, or a mixtureof (R) and (S) isomers of a compound or a pharmaceutically acceptablesalt thereof is(S)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)-pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-morpholinopent-2-enenitrilehaving the structure:

or an (E) or (Z) isomer, or a mixture of (E) and (Z) isomers; or apharmaceutically acceptable salt of any of the foregoing.
 15. Thepharmaceutical composition of claim 9 wherein the (R) isomer, (S)isomer, or a mixture of (R) and (S) isomers of a compound or apharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is(S,E)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)-pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-morpholinopent-2-enenitrilehaving the structure:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 16. The pharmaceuticalcomposition of claim 9 wherein the (R) isomer, (S) isomer, or a mixtureof (R) and (S) isomers of a compound or a pharmaceutically acceptablesalt thereof is(S,Z)-2-(2-((4-amino-3-(2-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl)-pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methyl-4-morpholinopent-2-enenitrilehaving the structure:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.